逆转录聚合酶链反应法定量检测汉坦病毒RNA在临床诊断中的价值

我国是肾综合征出血热（HFRS）危害最为严重的国家之一，对HFRS患者进行汉坦病毒定量研究，对疾病的诊断和治疗及流行病学调查等防治实践有极为重要的意义。

Clinical application of the second metacarpal bone lateral needling

Objective： To explore the rules of the second metacarpal bone lateral needling in clinical application and its characteristics so as to provide the guidance to clinical practice.Methods： Taking ＂the second metacarpal holographic acupuncture therapy＂ ＂the second metacarpal bone lateral needling＂ and ＂the second metacarpal bone＂ as the search terms, the papers on the second metacarpal bone lateral needling were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）and Wanfang database from January 1, 1974 to December 31, 2016 and were screened. Using the Excel2003, the database of the diseases treated by the second metacarpal bone lateral needling was set up.The indications, the acupoints selection rules and needling manipulation of this therapy were analyzed.Results： A total of 1103 papers were retrieved, of which, 446 papers were from CNKI and 657 from Wanfang database. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 54 papers were included for analysis finally. It was found that the indications of the second metacarpal bone lateral needling were predominated by the soft tissue injuries, especially acute lumbar sprain, ankle sprain and knee joint injury. Regarding the acupoints selection rules of the second metacarpal bone lateral needling, the corresponding points and tender points were commonly selected. Regarding the needling manipulation, the strong stimulation was required after needle insertion and the patient was required to move the affected areas while keeping the strong needling sensation. The needles were inserted 20 mm in depth along the skin mainly.The even-needling technique was exerted and the needles were retained for 30 min mainly.Conclusion： The second metacarpal bone lateral needling is applied to the treatment of soft tissue injuries. It is applicable for some internal diseases. The strong needling sensation and the motion of the local affected area are required especially in treatment with this therapy.

年轻挪威女性寻求吸脂术、隆乳术、鼻成形术和腹壁成形术的心理学特征：一项以人群为基础的研究

背景与目的本文旨在探讨与寻求吸脂术、隆乳术、鼻成形术和腹壁成形术被调查者相关的心理学因素。方法本研究由1862名参与者对3500例具有典型性的18-35岁挪威北部女性进行问卷调查，并将相关数据进行分析。结果吸脂术是4种整形手术中最受欢迎的（25．0％），然后依次是隆乳术（15．0％）、鼻成形术（7．O％）和腹壁成形术（5．6％）。大多数对鼻成形术和隆乳术感兴趣的被调查者表示其对其他手术也感兴趣，而大多数对腹壁成形术感兴趣的被调查者对其他手术不感兴趣。多重回归分析显示，较低的教育程度、公众对美容外科的默认接受和对外貌的不满意，均可预计出被调查者对所有手术感兴趣。类似身体畸形恐惧症者、有特定外貌取向者和有嘲笑外貌史的被调查者，可预计其对除腹壁成形术外的所有美容手术感兴趣，而有子女的被调查者可预计其对鼻成形术外的所有美容手术感兴趣。离婚率高和有饮食障碍者，可预计其只对吸脂术感兴趣。单变量方差分析显示，被调查者的五大人格特质（Big-Five personality traits）与其感兴趣的所有美容外科手术（除腹壁成形术外）有关。结论可以看出，对腹壁成形术感兴趣的女性被调查者，其寻求手术的动力来源于要解决产后赘肉问题；而对吸脂术、隆乳术和鼻成形术感兴趣的女性被调查者，其心理因素往往较复杂。本研究成果为寻求吸脂术、隆乳术、鼻成形术和腹壁成形术的女性被调查者的心理因素特征增加了相关知识。

年轻挪威女性对面容外科手术感兴趣的心理学可预测性因素：一项以人群为基础的研究

背景与目的本研究将探讨与被调查者对美容外科手术感兴趣情况相关的心理学因素。设立相关分析因素如下：类似身体畸形恐惧症、人格、交际安全依赖性、自尊心差、体像差、性生活不满意、饮食习惯不良、情绪悲痛、受教育程度低、与父母和朋友的关系差、嘲笑外貌史、公众对美容外科手术认可度和体育锻炼水平低（较少），并分析各因素与被调查对美容外科手术感兴趣情况的相关联系。方法对挪威最北部两个郡的18-35岁的有代表性的3500位挪威女性发出问卷调查，并对1880份已回复的问卷进行整理，建立数据库。对相关数据进行单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。结果多重回归分析显示，被调查者对美容外科手术感兴趣情况与以下因素有正相关联系：类似身体畸形恐惧症、对体像有特定要求、已育有子女、因外貌被嘲笑过、得知其他人做过美容外科手术、被推荐做美容外科手术。被调查者对美容外科手术感兴趣情况与以下因素有负相关联系：和蔼可亲（平易近人）、体像评估、受教育程度、与父母间的关系。结论本研究对寻求美容外科手术者的相关可预测性心理因素给出了新的见解。在以往对美容外科手术感兴趣者可预测性因素的基础上，增加了被嘲笑过外貌和已育有子女作为正相关可预测性因素，而受教育程度和与父母间的关系作为负相关可预测性因素。此研究结果有助于更好地理解个体寻求美容外科手术动力来源的多方面因素。