聚二甲基硅氧烷/微纳米银/聚多巴胺修饰的超疏水海绵的制备和应用

受海洋贝类生物黏附蛋白的启发,在碱性环境下利用多巴胺的自聚合性质,在聚氨酯海绵表面聚合活性聚多巴胺薄层,采用葡萄糖还原银离子进一步沉积微纳米银粒子构筑表面微纳结构,并水解聚二甲基硅氧烷前驱体对表面进行疏水改性,制备出了接触角大于150°的超疏水表面。利用接触角测定、扫描电子显微镜及能量弥散X射线谱和傅里叶红外光谱等技术手段对制备的改性海绵进行了表征,表明微纳米银粒子和硅甲基疏水基团被成功修饰到了海绵表面。改性海绵对有机溶剂和油类物质具有高选择性和高吸收性。吸收的有机溶剂和油类物质的质量能够达到其自身质量的12倍以上。饱和吸收后的海绵仅通过物理挤压即可将吸收的物质回收并使海绵恢复弹性和吸附能力,得到再生。该研究为油水分离和废油回收提供了一种经济、高效、环境友好的方案。

Fabrication of highly dispersed platinum-deposited porous g-C_3N_4 by a simple in situ photoreduction strategy and their excellent visible light photocatalytic activity toward aqueous 4-fluorophenol degradation

A series of highly dispersed platinum‐deposited porous g‐C3N4 (Pt/pg‐C3N4) were successfully fabricated by a simple in situ photoreduction strategy using chloroplatinic acid and porous g‐C3N4 as precursors. Porous g‐C3N4 was fabricated by a pretreatment strategy using melamine as a raw material.The morphology, porosity, phase, chemical structure, and optical and electronic properties ofas‐prepared Pt/pg‐C3N4 were characterized. The photocatalytic activity of as‐prepared Pt/pg‐C3N4was preliminarily evaluated by the degradation of aqueous azo dyes methyl orange under visible light irradiation. The as‐prepared Pt/pg‐C3N4 were further applied to the degradation and mineralization of aqueous 4‐fluorophenol. The recyclability of Pt/pg‐C3N4 was evaluated under four consecutive photocatalytic runs.

Iron-incorporated nitrogen-doped carbon materials as oxygen reduction electrocatalysts for zinc-air batteries

The application of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) is vital in a variety of energy conversion technologies. Exploring low-cost ORR catalysts with high activity and long-term stability is highly desirable, although it still remains challenging. Herein, we report a facile and reliable route to convert ZIF-8 modified by Fe-phenanthroline into Fe-incorporated and N-doped carbon dodecahedron nanoarchitecture(Fe-NCDNA), in which carbon nanosheets are formed in situ as the building blocks with uniform Fe-N-C species decoration. Systematic electrochemical studies demonstrate that the as-synthesized Fe-NCDNA electrocatalyst possesses highly attractive catalytic features toward the ORR in terms of activity and durability in both alkaline and neutral media. The Zn-air battery with the optimal Fe-NCDNA catalyst as the cathode performs impressively, delivering a power density of 184 m W cm^–2 and a specific capacity of 801 m Ah g^–1;thus, it exhibits great competitive advantages over those of the Zn-air devices employing a Pt-based cathode electrocatalyst.

Synergistic photocatalytic effect of porous g-C_3N_4 in a Cr(Ⅵ)/4-chlorophenol composite pollution system

The photocatalytic reduction of aqueous Cr(VI)to Cr(III)was preliminarily studied using porousg‐C3N4as a photocatalyst under acidic conditions.The observed synergistic photocatalytic effect ofporous g‐C3N4on a Cr(VI)/4‐chlorophenol(4‐CP)composite pollution system was further studiedunder different pH conditions.Compared with single‐component photocatalytic systems for Cr(VI)reduction or4‐CP degradation,the Cr(VI)reduction efficiency and4‐CP degradation efficiency weresimultaneously improved in the Cr(VI)/4‐CP composite pollution system.The synergistic photocatalyticeffect in the Cr(VI)/4‐CP composite pollution system can be attributed to the acceleratedredox reaction between dichromate and4‐CP by electron transfer with porous g‐C3N4.

基于硅烷化启动的环化反应研究进展

有机硅化合物是许多材料的重要基元和有用的有机分子,是化学合成中用途广泛的合成中间体.因此,化学家们一直致力于开发构建含硅化学键的新方法,特别是C—Si键.自从Sakurai和Imai在1975年报道了第一个钯催化的硅环丁烷与炔的环加成反应以来,过渡金属催化硅基环化反应得到了迅速的发展.随着自由基反应的迅猛发展,研究者将其拓展到有机硅分子间环化反应,硅的环化反应迎来了新的发展.主要从过渡金属催化的硅环化反应、自由基引发的硅环化反应、C^(+)离子引发的硅环化反应展开讨论,最后对当前的研究进展进行了总结.