There are many reports about resistance of transgenic Bt poplars to lepidopteran defoliators. Whether the poplars can resist haustellate mouth part pests and leaf-miners remains unclear. This study chose transgenic Bt...There are many reports about resistance of transgenic Bt poplars to lepidopteran defoliators. Whether the poplars can resist haustellate mouth part pests and leaf-miners remains unclear. This study chose transgenic Bt poplar, Populus euramericana cv. Robusta’(R-94), as the material to investigate its resistance to a haustellate mouth part pest, Hegesidemus habrus, and two leaf-miner species, Leucoptera susinella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) and Lithocolletis paslorella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in both field and laboratory. Results showed that R-94 poplar had strong resistance to H. habrus in fields. Injury rates of R-94 leaves were respectively only 1.08% in pure stands and 1.1% in mixed stands respectively, while injury rate of 107 poplar (a non-transgenic variety) was 16.3% in the mixed stands. When H. habrus was fed with R-94 leaves in laboratory, the livability of nymphae was 19.9% after 7 days of feeding. However, the livability of nymphae reached to 56.8% after 7 days of feeding with leaves of 107 poplars. When H. habrus was fed with R-94 and 107 poplar leaves together, the insects significantly preferred 107 poplar leaves to R-94 poplar ones. Besides H. habrus, R-94 poplar also showed strong resistance to two leaf-miners species. Therefore, R-94 poplar not only has strong resistance to lepidopteran pest, but also has similar resistance to haustellate mouth part pests and leaf-miners.展开更多
苹果小吉丁虫（Agrilus mali Matsumura）自1995年入侵以来,对新疆天山北坡的野苹果林造成了巨大的威胁,但在区域尺度上的危害缺乏系统的评估。选取野苹果林典型分布区——新源县（新源改良场、八连、萨哈）和巩留县（交勒赛、小莫合、...苹果小吉丁虫（Agrilus mali Matsumura）自1995年入侵以来,对新疆天山北坡的野苹果林造成了巨大的威胁,但在区域尺度上的危害缺乏系统的评估。选取野苹果林典型分布区——新源县（新源改良场、八连、萨哈）和巩留县（交勒赛、小莫合、大莫合、二乡）进行试验观测,统计样地内每棵野苹果树的受害等级、果实产量、受害枝条的旧羽化孔密度等指标。结果表明：新源改良场受害最为严重,交勒赛、二乡和大莫合受害最轻;各调查点间果实产量和苹果小吉丁虫的旧羽化孔密度差异显著;在管理强度高的栽培果园内,苹果小吉丁虫的危害较轻。建议在危害严重区域（如新源）采用人工修剪措施;在适合飞机飞行的区域（如小莫合和大莫合）采用航空防治;在高山区建立围栏保护防治措施（如二乡和八连）;在人工容易到达或者适合人工作业的地方,采用生物防治和人工修剪措施（交勒赛和萨哈）。展开更多
文摘There are many reports about resistance of transgenic Bt poplars to lepidopteran defoliators. Whether the poplars can resist haustellate mouth part pests and leaf-miners remains unclear. This study chose transgenic Bt poplar, Populus euramericana cv. Robusta’(R-94), as the material to investigate its resistance to a haustellate mouth part pest, Hegesidemus habrus, and two leaf-miner species, Leucoptera susinella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) and Lithocolletis paslorella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in both field and laboratory. Results showed that R-94 poplar had strong resistance to H. habrus in fields. Injury rates of R-94 leaves were respectively only 1.08% in pure stands and 1.1% in mixed stands respectively, while injury rate of 107 poplar (a non-transgenic variety) was 16.3% in the mixed stands. When H. habrus was fed with R-94 leaves in laboratory, the livability of nymphae was 19.9% after 7 days of feeding. However, the livability of nymphae reached to 56.8% after 7 days of feeding with leaves of 107 poplars. When H. habrus was fed with R-94 and 107 poplar leaves together, the insects significantly preferred 107 poplar leaves to R-94 poplar ones. Besides H. habrus, R-94 poplar also showed strong resistance to two leaf-miners species. Therefore, R-94 poplar not only has strong resistance to lepidopteran pest, but also has similar resistance to haustellate mouth part pests and leaf-miners.
文摘苹果小吉丁虫（Agrilus mali Matsumura）自1995年入侵以来,对新疆天山北坡的野苹果林造成了巨大的威胁,但在区域尺度上的危害缺乏系统的评估。选取野苹果林典型分布区——新源县（新源改良场、八连、萨哈）和巩留县（交勒赛、小莫合、大莫合、二乡）进行试验观测,统计样地内每棵野苹果树的受害等级、果实产量、受害枝条的旧羽化孔密度等指标。结果表明：新源改良场受害最为严重,交勒赛、二乡和大莫合受害最轻;各调查点间果实产量和苹果小吉丁虫的旧羽化孔密度差异显著;在管理强度高的栽培果园内,苹果小吉丁虫的危害较轻。建议在危害严重区域（如新源）采用人工修剪措施;在适合飞机飞行的区域（如小莫合和大莫合）采用航空防治;在高山区建立围栏保护防治措施（如二乡和八连）;在人工容易到达或者适合人工作业的地方,采用生物防治和人工修剪措施（交勒赛和萨哈）。
