两种中草药多糖对金丝鱼生化指标的影响

使用黄芪多糖(Astragalus polysaccharide,APS)和香菇多糖(Lentinan,LNT)对金丝鱼进行浸泡,通过检测鱼体中丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和溶菌酶(LSZ)的活力,探讨两种中草药多糖对金丝鱼抗氧化和非特异性免疫力的影响。结果表明,两种多糖均能显著提高金丝鱼体内SOD活力(P<0.05);黄芪多糖在400～600 mg/l时能显著提高CAT与LSZ活力(P<0.05)2;00与400 mg/l对MDA的含量变化不大(P>0.05);但在600～1 000 mg/l时MDA含量明显增加(P<0.05);200～800 mg/l浓度对AST与ALT活力的影响不大(P>0.05)。香菇多糖各浓度组均能显著提高金丝鱼体内CAT活力,而MDA含量明显降低(P<0.05);在400～800 mg/l时能显著提高LSZ活力(P<0.05);200～600 mg/l对AST与ALT的酶活力影响不大(P>0.05)。可见黄芪多糖的适宜添加量为400 mg/l,香菇多糖最适添加量为600 mg/l。

12种中草药对大菱鲆幼鱼的诱食效果研究

[目的]研究12种中草药对大菱鲆幼鱼的诱食效果,为斑马鱼人工配合饲料的研制提供参考。[方法]以200尾平均体长为3cm,体重为1 g,60日龄的大菱鲆幼鱼为试验对象,选用丁香、肉桂、八角、山萘、薄荷、黄连、黄柏、黄岑、栀子、苦参、乌梅、诃子肉等12种中草药,以2‰添加量分别加入到基础饵料中,进行单方筛选试验,并根据单方试验结果选取诱食效果较好的中草药进行梯度试验和两两组合试验,分析不同中草药对大菱鲆幼鱼的诱食效果。[结果]苦参、栀子、黄岑和山萘的诱食效果较好;4种中草药梯度试验结果表明,2‰栀子、5‰苦参、5‰黄岑和2‰山萘对大菱鲆幼鱼诱食效果最好;在复方试验中,2‰栀子与苦参混合物对大菱鲆幼鱼的诱食效果最好。[结论]对大菱鲆幼鱼的诱食效果与中草药种类和浓度相关。

枸杞多糖、灵芝多糖对金丝鱼生化指标的影响

为研究枸杞多糖(LBP)与灵芝多糖(GLP)对金丝鱼抗氧化能力及非特异性免疫力的影响,试验选用1980尾健康金丝鱼,分为对照组、LBP添加组、GLP添加组,两者均设5个浓度梯度(200、400、600、800 mg/L和1000 mg/L),每组3个重复。用不同浓度的两种多糖浸泡金丝鱼15 d,检测金丝鱼体内谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与溶菌酶(LSZ)的活性。结果表明,鱼体内生化指标的变化与两种多糖浓度密切相关。其中800 mg/L LBP或600～800 mg/L GLP能显著提高金丝鱼体内CAT、SOD、LSZ活性(P<0.05);显著降低MDA含量;800 mg/L枸杞多糖对GOT和GPT影响不大(P>0.05),而600～800 mg/L灵芝多糖显著降低GOT活性。由此可见,适宜浓度的枸杞多糖和灵芝多糖可有效提高金丝鱼机体抗氧化能力和非特异性免疫力。

Preliminary Study of 12 Chinese Herbs as Feed Attractants on Turbot Juvenile(Scophthalmus maximus)

[Objective] The paper aims to study the attractive effects of 12 Chinese medicinal herbs on Scophthalmus maximus juvenile.[Method] We took 200 Scophthalmus maximus with the average body length of 3 cm,average weight of 1 g and 60 days of age as the research object,and 12 Chinese medicinal herbs as feed attractants were selected,including Cloves,Cinnamon,Star anise,Kaempferol,Mint,Coptis,Phellodendron,skullcap,Gardenia,Sophora flavescens,Mume,Myrobalan meat were selected.The amount added to the basic diet was 2‰..The times of turbot juveniles going into each inducing room and the times of turbot juveniles biting the feed ball were recorded by maze experiments.Inducing effects of the Chinese herbal medicines were analyzed.[Result] The results showed that the attractant effect of Mume,Gardenia,Scutellaria and kaempferol had the significantly inducing effect on Scophthalmus maximus juvenile.And 2‰ Gardenia,5‰ Matrine,5‰ Scutellaria and 2‰ Kaempferol have the best attractant effects.In compound experients,the attractive effect of mixture of 2‰ matrine and gardenia on Scophthalmus maximus was the best.[Conclusion] The attractive effect on Scophthalmus maximus has something to do with the kind and concentration of Chinese medicinal herbs.