[Objective] The aim is to identify the composition of female sex pheromones of Orthaga achatina and to understand the differential attractiveness of these components to Orthaga achatina moths. [Method] The pheromone g...[Objective] The aim is to identify the composition of female sex pheromones of Orthaga achatina and to understand the differential attractiveness of these components to Orthaga achatina moths. [Method] The pheromone glands of female moths were extracted and analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy（GC-MS）; the chemical analysis was confirmed by electroantennogram（EAG） bioassays; a field trial was conducted to confirm the optimized blends. [Result] Z11-16：Ac could elicit the largest EAG responses in male moths at all the doses tested. EAG responses to plant volatiles and to the pheromone isomers of Z11-16：Ac were at a similar level and lower than the responses to Z11-16：Ac. In the field tests, it was demonstrated that synthetic Z11-16：Ac was significantly more attractive to male O. achatina moths, that its pheromone isomers, whether these were presented alone or in mixtures with Z11-16：Ac. [Conclusion]（Z）-11-hexadecenyl acetate（Z11-16：Ac） was identified as the main component of the sex pheromone and it was demonstrated that synthetic Z11-16：Ac was significantly more attractive to male O. achatina moths.展开更多
为有效防治松材线虫病,采用阿维菌素和甲维盐为主药,吐温等为表面活性剂,复配混合药剂;同时,模制长喙50 m L容积药瓶,组合成适合向松树注输药物的专用注射针剂,在松材线虫病发生林地开展树干注入药剂抗松材线虫病试验。林间抗松材线虫...为有效防治松材线虫病,采用阿维菌素和甲维盐为主药,吐温等为表面活性剂,复配混合药剂;同时,模制长喙50 m L容积药瓶,组合成适合向松树注输药物的专用注射针剂,在松材线虫病发生林地开展树干注入药剂抗松材线虫病试验。林间抗松材线虫病试验,采用2种方法进行,即树干注入药剂后作人工接种病原松材线虫和自然感染病原松材线虫;同时,用日本专用松材线虫病预防注射剂作对比试验。结果表明,日本药物(A类药)对人工接种病原松材线虫具有75%的预防效果;自配的阿维菌素(C21类药)和甲维盐(C22类药)对人工接种获得50%和100%的预防效果,使自然感染松材线虫病的松树死亡率平降至2.70%;而对照试验的人工接种病线虫的松树死亡率为100%,自然感染松树死亡率为22.36%。结果表明:试验开发的松树注射剂阿维菌素C21和甲维盐C22,能有效预防松树个体的松材线虫病发生与危害。展开更多
基金Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.201201A6104001)Zhejiang Province Department of Education Research Projects(Grant No.ZWT14048)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim is to identify the composition of female sex pheromones of Orthaga achatina and to understand the differential attractiveness of these components to Orthaga achatina moths. [Method] The pheromone glands of female moths were extracted and analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy（GC-MS）; the chemical analysis was confirmed by electroantennogram（EAG） bioassays; a field trial was conducted to confirm the optimized blends. [Result] Z11-16：Ac could elicit the largest EAG responses in male moths at all the doses tested. EAG responses to plant volatiles and to the pheromone isomers of Z11-16：Ac were at a similar level and lower than the responses to Z11-16：Ac. In the field tests, it was demonstrated that synthetic Z11-16：Ac was significantly more attractive to male O. achatina moths, that its pheromone isomers, whether these were presented alone or in mixtures with Z11-16：Ac. [Conclusion]（Z）-11-hexadecenyl acetate（Z11-16：Ac） was identified as the main component of the sex pheromone and it was demonstrated that synthetic Z11-16：Ac was significantly more attractive to male O. achatina moths.
文摘为有效防治松材线虫病,采用阿维菌素和甲维盐为主药,吐温等为表面活性剂,复配混合药剂;同时,模制长喙50 m L容积药瓶,组合成适合向松树注输药物的专用注射针剂,在松材线虫病发生林地开展树干注入药剂抗松材线虫病试验。林间抗松材线虫病试验,采用2种方法进行,即树干注入药剂后作人工接种病原松材线虫和自然感染病原松材线虫;同时,用日本专用松材线虫病预防注射剂作对比试验。结果表明,日本药物(A类药)对人工接种病原松材线虫具有75%的预防效果;自配的阿维菌素(C21类药)和甲维盐(C22类药)对人工接种获得50%和100%的预防效果,使自然感染松材线虫病的松树死亡率平降至2.70%;而对照试验的人工接种病线虫的松树死亡率为100%,自然感染松树死亡率为22.36%。结果表明:试验开发的松树注射剂阿维菌素C21和甲维盐C22,能有效预防松树个体的松材线虫病发生与危害。
