Dialogue on Supranuclear Matter at the Dream Field:A Summary

Understanding the equation of state of cold dense matter,i.e.,those inside neutron stars,is a key problem in the multi-messenger astronomical era.In order to facilitate the scientific discussions between different commu-nities in the relevant fields,particularly between nuclear physicists and astrophysicists,we have organized the Dialo-gue at the Dream Field(DDF2024).The participants explored topics of various fields such as pulsar astrophysics,transient phenomena,hadronic and nuclear matter,supra-nuclear matter with quark degree of freedom,numerical relativity.This involved discussions on the mechanisms,model constructions,observational impacts,and introduc-tions of new facilities.In-depth exchanges were carried out through invited talks and free discussions,as well as a visit to view the FAST telescope.

Elastic Properties of Nuclear Pasta in Neutron-star Crusts

Based on the relativistic mean field(RMF)model with Thomas-Fermi approximation,we investigate the elastic properties of neutron star matter.The elastic constants are estimated by introducing deformations on the nuclear pasta structures inβ-equilibrium,where various crystalline configurations are considered in a fully three-dimensional geometry without the Wigner-Seitz approximation.Two scenarios with different symmetry energy slope(L=41.34 and 89.39 MeV)are examined,where the the elastic constants can vary by ten times.By fitting to the numerical results,we improve the analytic formulae for the elastic properties of nuclear pasta by introducing damping factors.

Strangelets at Finite Temperature

We study the properties of strangelets at finite temperature T,employing an equivparticle model that incorporates both linear confinement and leading-order perturbative interactions with density-dependent quark masses.The shell effects are analyzed by solving the Dirac equations for quarks within the mean-field approximation.As temperature increases,these effects weaken due to the occupation probability of single-particle levels being governed by the Fermi-Dirac statistics,a phenomenon known as shell dampening.Surprisingly,the surface tension,derived from a liquid-drop formula,does not decrease with temperature but instead rises until it peaks at T≈20-40MeV.At this temperature,shell corrections become negligible,and the formula provides a reasonable approximation for the free energy per baryon of strangelets.However,the curvature term decreases with T despite the presence of shell effects.The neutron and proton emission rates are determined microscopically by the external nucleon gas densities that are in equilibrium with strangelets.These emission rate generally increases with T for stable strangelets,but decrease for those that are unstable to nucleon emission at T=0.The other properties ofβ-stable strangelets obtained with various parameter sets are presented as well.The results indicated in this work are useful for understanding the products of binary compact star mergers and heavy-ion collisions.

高阶Kubo公式在巨磁阻中的应用(英文)

利用子动力学理论将计算电导率的Kubo公式被推广成为一个包含高阶项的公式,并利用此公式,计算巨磁阻,显示了高阶影响的重要性.

Modulating the microenvironment structure of single Zn atom:ZnN_(4)P/C active site for boosted oxygen reduction reaction

The electronic structure of catalytic active sites can be influenced by modulating the coordination bonding of the central single metal atom,but it is difficult to achieve.Herein,we reported the single Zn-atom incorporated dual doped P,N carbon framework(Zn-N_(4)P/C)for ORR via engineering the surrounding coordination environment of active centers.The Zn-N_(4)P/C catalyst exhibited comparable ORR activity(E_(1/2)=0.86 V)and significantly better ORR stability than that of Pt/C catalyst.It also shows respectable performance in terms of maximum peak power density(249.6 mW cm^(-2)),specific capacitance(779 mAh g^(-1)),and charge-discharge cycling stability for 150 hours in Zn-air battery.The high catalytic activity is attributed to the uniform active sites,tunable electronic/geometric configuration,optimized intrinsic activity,and faster mass transfer during ORR-pathway.Further,theoretical results exposed that the Zn-N_(4)P configuration is more electrochemically active as compared to Zn-N_(4) structure for the oxygen reduction reaction.

Topological Transition in Monolayer Blue Phosphorene with Transition-Metal Adatom under Strain

We carried out first-principles calculations to investigate the electronic properties of the monolayer blue phosphorene(BlueP)decorated by the group-IVB transition-metal adatoms(Cr,Mo and W),and found that the Cr-decorated BlueP is a magnetic half metal,while the Mo-and W-decorated BlueP are semiconductors with band gaps smaller than 0.2 eV.Compressive biaxial strains make the band gaps close and reopen,and band inversions occur during this process,which induces topological transitions in the Mo-decorated BlueP(with strain of-5.75%)and W-decorated BlueP(with strain of-4.25%)from normal insulators to topological insulators(TIs).The TI gap is 94 meV for the Mo-decorated BlueP and218 me V for the W-decorated BlueP.Such large TI gaps demonstrate the possibility to engineer topological phases in the monolayer BlueP with transition-metal adatoms at high temperature.