PBL等多种教学模式有机结合进行肿瘤内科学教学探讨

肿瘤内科学是专业性很强的学科,是临床教学的重要内容。本文探讨在肿瘤内科学临床教学中,如何将PBL教学模式与其他教学方法如案例教学法、情景模式、循证医学法进行有机结合,以提高肿瘤内科学的教学质量,让学生扎实掌握肿瘤基础知识及肿瘤防治知识,以便今后更好地开展临床肿瘤防治工作。

^(60)Co分割放射对鼻咽癌CNE-2株细胞动力学改变

Purpose:To study the effects of high-dose （）60Co gamma ray to the cell cycles and cell cyclin D1,B1 and cyclin dependent kinase（CDK）1,4 of nasopharygeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2. Observe consecutively the mechanism of the action of high-dose gamma ray on cell cycle progress, in order So as to provide basic material for hypofractionated radiotherapy schedule for tumors.Methods:Propidium Iodide（PI） simple staining and flow cytometry（FC） were used to detect the cell cycle. The expression of cyclin D1、cyclinB1、CDK4 and CDK1 mRNA were detected by combining RT-PCR with semi-quantitative analysis.Results:Apparent G2M phase arrest was observed first after CNE-2 cells were exposed to 4.0～8.0Gy fractionated radiation with gamma rays. G1 phase arrest was enhanced with increasing absorbed dose. Then all cell phase were arrested, but the dose-dependent relation was not obvious. The expression of cyclin D1、cyclin B1 mRNA was suppressed after CNE-2 cells were exposed to 4.0～8.0Gy gamma rays（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference between the expression of CDK4 mRNA and the control group（P>0.05）. But the CDK1 mRNA was not expressed in any of the irradiated groups.Conclusions:G1 phase, S phase and G2M phase arrest were observed in CNE-2 cells exposed to 4.0～8.0Gy fractionated radiation in gamma rays. But the dose-dependent relation was not obvious. The main effects were that the cyclin D1 activity suppression lead to G1 phase arrest ,and G2M arrest was correlated to the cyclin B1/CDK1 activity after 4.0～8.0 Gy gamma rays.[

肝癌高危人群中DNA氧化损伤与损伤修复酶基因多态性的关系

目的:探讨肝癌高危人群中DNA氧化损伤与损伤修复酶基因多态性的关系。方法:收集广西扶绥县550例乙型肝炎病毒携带志愿者的外周血和尿样,应用高效液相-电化学法和聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)检测法检测肝癌高危人群的尿8-羟基-2-脱氧鸟苷(8-hydroxy-2-deoxy-guanosine,8-OHdG)水平和外周血中DNA损伤修复酶基因多态性,分析2者之间的关系。结果:肝癌高危人群中尿8-OHdG水平男性低于女性(P<0.01);PCR-RFLP检测法检测外周血DNA损伤修复酶X线修复交叉互补组1(X-ray repair cross com-plementing group 1,XRCC1)基因和人8-羟基鸟嘌呤DNA糖苷酶1(human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1,hOGG1)基因多态性的结果发现,女性hOGG1 Ser326Ser和XRCC1 Arg194Arg者的尿8-OHdG水平较低(P=0.049,P=0.048)。将尿8-OHdG水平以中位数为基点分为高、低2组进行多因素分析发现,hOGG1突变型杂合子和突变型纯合子者的尿8-OHdG水平较高,尤其在女性研究对象中更明显(P<0.05)。结论:DNA损伤修复酶基因多态性可以影响其编码的蛋白质的功能,影响机体对损伤DNA的修复作用,最终可能导致肿瘤发生的个体差异。