基于实验创新的化学“创新意识”核心素养培育策略

本文在阐明“创新意识”核心素养的内涵及其养成途径的基础上,论述培育化学“创新意识”核心素养的化学实验创新教学策略,以培养学生的创新意识与创新能力。

四方藤中总香豆素的提取工艺研究

目的:优选四方藤中总香豆素的提取工艺条件。方法:采用紫外分光光度法,以总香豆素的提取率为指标,通过单因素和正交试验,考察乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间、提取次数对四方藤中总香豆素提取率的影响,确立最佳的提取工艺条件。结果:四方藤中总香豆素最佳提取工艺为:用料液比为1∶16的50%乙醇回流提取2次、每次2 h,在此工艺条件下,总香豆素的提取率达11.56%。结论:该工艺简单实用,是四方藤中提取总香豆素的有效方法,可为其进一步的工业化生产提供参考依据。

二氢杨梅素自乳化系统的设计与质量评价

目的设计并优化二氢杨梅素自乳化系统制剂工艺,并对其质量进行评价。方法测定二氢杨梅素在不同油相、乳化剂及助乳化剂中的溶解度,采用三元相图法和正交设计实验,以乳化速度、粒径、载药量为指标进行综合评分,优化并筛选出最佳处方。结果二氢杨梅素自乳化制剂最佳处方及比例油酸∶聚山梨酯-80∶司盘-80∶正丁醇=15∶14∶7∶14。结论优化的二氢杨梅素自乳化系统明显改善二氢杨梅素的溶解性能,性质稳定,提高二氢杨梅素在人工胃液中的溶出度。

手机教学提高医学细胞生物学网络资源利用率

医学细胞生物学是医学生的必修课,其既是生命医学课程的基础理论学科,又是一门较为综合性的前沿学科。由于医学细胞生物学课程内容多、课堂教学学时数相对较少、前沿进展迅速、教师课堂授课信息量大,学生单靠课堂时间不能很好地把握重难点,而刚入学的新生面临适应大学新环境等多种原因导致学生课后不能及时对所学知识进行归纳总结等,种种原因使医学细胞生物学课程的教学效果有待提高。依据手机用户的普及性、手机微信的经济性和手机学习的便捷和及时特点,教师可利用手机微信和网页浏览器互动平台将本教研室开发的医学细胞生物学网络教学共享资源库通过微信以手机报等形式发送给学生,让学生随时随地利用手机终端获得集文字、图形、图片和声音于一体的学习资料,提高网络教学资源利用率及教学效果。

Cu^(2+)/Mn^(2+)存在下白花丹素对人血清白蛋白构象的影响(英文)

用圆二色和拉曼光谱法表征了Cu2+或Mn2+存在下白花丹素对人血清白蛋白构象的影响。结果表明,白花丹素改变了人血清白蛋白的二级结构并降低了它的α-螺旋的含量。同时白花丹素也引起了二硫键的构象以及色氨酸和酪氨酸微环境的变化。在Cu2+或Mn2+存在时这种改变的趋势逐渐增强。

雪樱子低极性成分的GC-MS对比分析

[目的]研究雪樱子低极性成分。[方法]经水蒸气蒸馏或石油醚提取,以GC-MS分离鉴定,并用面积归一化法计算各组分含量。[结果]在雪樱子挥发油中鉴定的28个化合物占总检出峰的80.32%,芳香烃类含量较多,占已鉴定化合物含量的42.82%;雪樱子石油醚提取物中鉴定了21个成分,其含量占总检出峰的71.67%,脂肪烃及酯为主要成分,占总检出峰的57.43%。[结论]通过对雪樱子低极性化合物的GC-MS对比分析,证实该植物有进一步研究的价值。

New strategy of S,N co‐doping of conductive‐copolymer‐derived carbon nanotubes to effectively improve the dispersion of PtCu nanocrystals for boosting the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol

Efficacious regulation of the geometric and electronic structures of carbon nanomaterials via the introduction of defects and their synergy is essential to achieving good electrochemical performance.However,the guidelines for designing hybrid materials with advantageous structures and the fundamental understanding of their electrocatalytic mechanisms remain unclear.Herein,superfine Pt and PtCu nanoparticles supported by novel S,N‐co‐doped multi‐walled CNT(MWCNTs)were prepared through the innovative pyrolysis of a poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/polyaniline copolymer as a source of S and N.The uniform wrapping of the copolymer around the MWCNTs provides a high density of evenly distributed defects on the surface after the pyrolysis treatment,facilitating the uniform distribution of ultrafine Pt and PtCu nanoparticles.Remarkably,the Pt_(1)Cu_(2)/SN‐MWCNTs show an obviously larger electroactive surface area and higher mass activity,stability,and CO poisoning resistance in methanol oxidation compared to Pt/SN‐MWCNTs,Pt/S‐MWCNTs,Pt/N‐MWCNTs,and commercial Pt/C.Density functional theory studies confirm that the co‐doping of S and N considerably deforms the CNTs and polarizes the adjacent C atoms.Consequently,both the adsorption of Pt1Cu2 onto the SN‐MWCNTs and the subsequent adsorption of methanol are enhanced;in addition,the catalytic activity of Pt_(1)Cu_(2)/SN‐MWCNTs for methanol oxidation is thermodynamically and kinetically more favorable than that of its CNT and N‐CNT counterparts.This work provides a novel method to fabricate high‐performance fuel cell electrocatalysts with highly dispersed and stable Pt‐based nanoparticles on a carbon substrate.

Dissolution-regrowth of hierarchical Fe-Dy oxide modulates the electronic structure of nickel-organic frameworks as highly active and stable water splitting electrocatalysts

As the kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is considered to be a bottleneck in overall water splitting,it is necessary to develop a highly active and stable electrocatalyst to overcome this issue.Herein,we successfully fabricated a three-dimensional iron-dysprosium oxide co-regulated in-situ formed MOF-Ni arrays on carbon cloth(FeDy@MOF-Ni/CC)through a facile two-step hydrothermal method.Electrochemical studies demonstrate that the designed FeDy@MOF-Ni/CC catalyst requires an overpotential of only 251 mV to reach 10 mA cm-2 with a small Tafel slope of 52.1 mV dec-1.Additionally,the stability declined by only 5.5%after 80 h of continuous testing in 1.0 M KOH.Furthermore,a cell voltage of only 1.57 V in the overall water splitting system is sufficient to achieve 10 mA cm-2;this value is far better than that of most previously reported catalysts.The excellent catalytic performance originates from the unique 3D rhombus-like structure,as well as coupling synergies of Fe-Dy-Ni species.The combination of lanthanide and transition metal species in the synthesis strategy may open entirely new possibilities with promising potential in the design of highly active OER electrocatalysts.

微信订阅号“陈巍学基因”融入医学遗传学本科教学新模式设计

微信订阅号是微信众多功能中受关注程度最高的一项,可顺应形势,将微信订阅号'陈巍学基因'融入医学遗传学教学。微信订阅号'陈巍学基因'由药明康德的陈巍老师主讲,用通俗而准确的语言讲述现代医学遗传学的专业基础知识和最新进展,在专业领域内得到肯定和关注。将专业知识与时代潮流'互联网+'相结合,不仅能提高课堂教学效果,还能让学生从不同视角去学习与思考专业理论和学科前沿。

三乙胺促进的α-卤代酮C—C键断裂:合成α-乙酰氧基芳基酮（英文）

C-C键断裂在有机合成中有着重要的作用.报道了一种胺促进的α-卤代酮化合物C-C键断裂的新方法,该方法无需使用过渡金属催化剂以及氧化剂.采用这种方法以廉价的α-卤代酮化合物制备了多种α-乙酰氧基芳基酮化合物.