桂西南下雷锰矿床地球化学特征及沉积环境分析

晚泥盆世五指山组是桂西南地区重要的含锰地层,为一套硅质-泥质-灰质及其过渡相组成的深水台沟相沉积。锰矿体的形态和展布受岩相组合和构造条件的控制。本文分析了含锰岩系的主量及微量元素地球化学:含锰岩系的V/(V+Ni)、V/Cr、U/Th、Ni/Co值,U、V和Mo等氧化还原敏感元素的富集程度显示研究区含锰岩系形成于弱氧化-富氧环境。另外,含锰岩系的Fe/Ti、Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)、Si O2/Al2O3、Ba/Sr及Co/Zn比值及稀土元素Eu正异常特征均显示热水沉积物的特征,在Si O2-Al2O3、Fe/Ti-Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)、log U-log Th、(Ni+Cu+Co)×10-Fe-Mn关系图解中,样品投影点均落在热水沉积区内,反映锰的富集和成矿过程与热水活动的参与密切相关。含锰岩系的La/CeAl2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)、100×(Fe2O3/Si O2)-100×(Al2O3/Si O2)、Fe2O3/(100-Si O2)-Al2O3/(100-Si O2)、Fe2O3/Ti O2-Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)图解及稀土元素特征,均指示含锰岩系形成于被动大陆边缘背景。

西藏甲玛斑岩矿床系统地质、蚀变、矿化的三维地质模型

甲玛矿床位于西藏冈底斯成矿带东段,是公益性与商业性勘查结合取得的重要成果。目前已累计探明和控制铜资源量超过700万吨,共伴生钼、铅锌、金、银资源量均达到大型以上规模。本文在充分收集、整理甲玛矿床最新勘查资料、研究成果的基础上,运用MICROMINE软件三维建模及可视化技术,遵循点→线→面→体的构建原则,进行人机交互分析,构建了甲玛矿床地质、蚀变、矿体三维实体模型,并根据不同矿体品位分布变化的实际情况,对矿体模块模型进行克里格法或距离反比加权法品位插值,构建各种元素的矿化模型。并综合国内外对斑岩、矽卡岩矿床的研究新趋向对模型进行了地质解译,认为甲玛斑岩矿床是由斑岩钼铜矿体、矽卡岩铜多金属矿体、角岩铜钼矿体以及破碎带中独立金矿体构成的"四位一体"典型斑岩成矿系统产物,其中矽卡岩主要有接触带近端矽卡岩、层间构造中的远端矽卡岩以及受控于推滑覆构造产出的矽卡岩三种产出型式,由岩浆热液沿层间构造和推滑覆构造扩散交代大理岩和角岩形成;研究认为甲玛斑岩矿床具有典型的斑岩矿床蚀变系统,但蚀变分带有所差异,钾化带与青磐岩化带是在相对碱性条件下形成,而绢英岩化带与泥化带趋向于在相对酸性条件下形成。此外,大规模的角岩、矽卡岩对寻找深部斑岩矿体具有指示意义,甲玛斑岩矿体、角岩矿体仍具巨大的找矿潜力。因此,本研究构建的甲玛三维模型直观地展示了矿区地层、岩体、构造分布情况、赋矿层位、矿化品位分布规律以及蚀变分带特征,为甲玛矿床的成因、成矿规律总结、找矿勘查、矿山生成开发等综合研究提供重要的科学依据。

Three-dimensional modeling and porosity calculation of coal rock pore structure

Coal rock is a type of dual-porosity medium,which is composed of matrix pores and fracture-cutting matrix.They play different roles in the seepage and storage capacity of coal rock.Therefore,constructing the micropore structure of coal rock is very important in the exploration and development of coalbed methane.In this study,we use a coal rock digital core and three-dimensional modeling to study the pore structure of coal rock.First,the micropore structure of coal rock is quantitatively analyzed using a two-dimensional thin-section image,and the quantitative information of the pore and fracture(cleat)structure in the coal rock is extracted.The mean value and standard deviation of the face porosity and pore radius are obtained using statistical analysis.The number of pores is determined using dichotomy and spherical random-packing methods based on compression.By combining with the results of the petrophysical analysis,the single-porosity structure model of the coal rock is obtained using a nonequal-diameter sphere to represent the pores of the coal rock.Then,an ellipsoid with an aspect ratio that is very much lesser than one is used to represent the fracture(cleat)in the coal rock,and a dual-pore structure model of the coal rock is obtained.On this basis,the relationship between the different pore aspect ratios and porosity is explored,and a fitting relationship is obtained.The results show that a nonlinear relationship exists between them.The relationship model can provide a basis for the prediction of coal rock pore structure and the pore structure parameters and provide a reference for understanding the internal structure of coalbed methane reservoirs.