人参皂苷Rh2和辅酶Q10对骨髓抑制小鼠的保护作用

目的：研究人参皂苷Rh2和辅酶Q10（CoQ10）对毒性剂量化疗药环磷酰胺（CTX）所致小鼠骨髓抑制的保护作用。方法：腹腔注射毒性剂量的CTX（180mg/kg）建立小鼠骨髓抑制模型。单独或联合经口给予不同剂量的Rh2和CoQ10,采用骨髓涂片及骨髓有核细胞计数评价骨髓的增生程度,以研究Rh2和CoQ10对CTX所致小鼠骨髓抑制的影响。结果：Rh2（起效剂量25 mg/kg,剂量范围25~50mg/kg）单独给药或CoQ10（起效剂量300mg/kg,剂量范围300~500mg/kg）单独给药,能不同程度提高CTX所致小鼠骨髓抑制的增生级别和骨髓有核细胞计数;Rh2 25 mg/kg和CoQ10 300mg/kg联合灌胃比各自单独给药能更明显提高CTX所致小鼠骨髓抑制的骨髓增生级别、骨髓有核细胞计数。结论：Rh2和CoQ10能不同程度地保护化疗药CTX所致的骨髓抑制,此作用可能与其骨髓祖细胞的合成有关,并以二者联合应用的效果更为明显。

Tolvaptan,an FDA-approved drug,inhibits Zika virus infection both in vitro and in vivo

As a previously neglected member of flavivirus,Zika virus(ZIKV)has recently emerged and caused a global health concern because of its link to microcephaly and other congenital defects.Currently,no anti-ZIKV vaccine or therapy is commercially available.In this drug-screening study,tolvaptan,an FDA-approved drug,was identified to possess the activity against ZIKV strains of Asian lineage with low cytotoxicity using plaque and MTT assays.The anti-ZIKV activity of tolvaptan was also demonstrated using virus yield reduction assay and Western blotting analysis.Time-of-drug-addition assay showed that tolvaptan exerted its anti-ZIKV activity between 6 and 14 h post-ZIKV inoculation,concurrent with the post-entry events of ZIKV life cycle.Tolvaptan also exhibited inhibitory effects on ZIKV strains of African lineage,indicating that its anti-ZIKV activity was not strain dependent.Notably,tolvaptan could also reduce ZIKV-induced mortality in infected mice.Overall,these results suggested that tolvaptan was a potential therapeutic candidate against ZIKV that is worth further evaluation.