Crack elimination and strength enhancement mechanisms of selective laser melted Si-modified Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy

In order to increase the processability and process window of the selective laser melting(SLM)-fabricated Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy,a novel Si-modified Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy was designed.The effect of Si alloying on the surface quality,processability,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the SLM-fabricated alloy was studied.The results showed that introducing Si into the Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy prevented balling and keyhole formation,refined the grain size,and reduced the solidification temperature,which eliminated cracks and increased the processability and process window of the alloy.The maximum relative density of the SLM-fabricated Si/Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy reached 99.6%.The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the alloy were(371±7)MPa and(518±6)MPa,respectively.These values were higher than those of the SLM-fabricated Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr and other Sc-free Al−Mg-based alloys.

Strength and plasticity improvement induced by strong grain refinement after Zr alloying in selective laser-melted AlSiMg1.4 alloy

In order to enhance the mechanical properties of the selective laser-melted(SLM) high-Mg content AlSiMg1.4 alloy,the Zr element was introduced.The influence of Zr alloying on the processability,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the alloy was systematically investigated through performing microstructure analysis and tensile testing.It was demonstrated that the SLM-fabricated AlSiMg1.4-Zr alloy exhibited high process stability with a relative density of over 99.5% at various process parameters.Besides,the strong grain refinement induced by the primary Al3Zr particle during the melt solidification process simultaneously enhanced both the strength and plasticity of the alloy.The values for the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and elongation of the SLM-fabricated AlSiMg1.4-Zr were(343±3) MPa,(485±4) MPa,and(10.2±0.2)%,respectively,demonstrating good strengthplasticity synergy in comparison to the AlSiMg1.4 and other Al-Si-based alloys fabricated by SLM.

焊接速度对308L不锈钢CMT电弧增材制造薄壁件组织及性能的影响

采用冷金属过渡焊电弧增材制造工艺成功制备了308L不锈钢单道多层薄壁件,并研究了焊接速度对结构件的成形尺寸、微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,当送丝速度、层间温度等其它试验因素一定时,在试验范围内增大焊接速度,成形件的平均层高和层宽均减小,成形有效率先升高后降低。结构件各部位在室温状态下的微观组织均为奥氏体+少量残余铁素体,随着沉积层的热量累积,熔池冷却速度变慢,奥氏体晶粒尺寸逐渐变大,铁素体含量降低。焊接速度越大,晶粒尺寸更加细小,结构件的显微硬度越大,在焊接速度6 mm·s^(-1)时,可达226 HV。另外,焊接速度越大,薄壁件抗拉强度越高,断后伸长率降低,且力学性能表现出各向异性,横向抗拉强度最高可达730.37 MPa,纵向抗拉强度为686.01 MPa。通过断口分析可知,拉伸试样的断裂方式为韧性断裂。

Effects of La-Ce addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-18Si-4Cu-0.5Mg alloy

The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Al-18 Si-4 Cu-0.5 Mg alloy modified by the addition of La-Ce rare earth elements through OM,SEM,EPMA and tensile tests were investigated.The results of OM and SEM analyses indicated that primary Si particles were significantly refined from coarse block-like and irregular polygonal shapes into fine flaky shapes,while eutectic Si particles were modified from coarse and needle-like into fine and rod-or coral-like shapes with increase of La-Ce addition.The alloy exhibited the minimum primary Si particle size and the best mechanical properties with the addition of 0.3 wt.%La-Ce.The average particle size decreased from 61 to 28 μm,the ultimate tensile strength increased from 222 to 242 MPa and the elongation increased from 3.2% to 6.3%.In addition,modification mechanisms and fracture modes were explored by the means of SEM and EPMA.

Dielectric properties and relaxor ferroelectric behavior of （1-y）Ba(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3-yBa(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics

The microstructure,dielectric and ferroelectric properties of(1-y)Ba(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3-yBa(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3(y=0-0.05)ceramics prepared by traditional solid state method were investigated by X-ray diffractometer,scanning electron microscope,electric parameter testing system and ferroelectric tester.It is found that the barium zirconate titanate based ceramics are single-phase perovskites as y increases up to 0.05 and their average grain size decreases with the increase of y.The permittivity maximumεr,max is suppressed from 8948 to 1611 at 1 kHz with increasing y,and the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition temperature Tm decreases from 93 to-89℃at 1 kHz as y increases.The composition-induced diffuse phase transition is enhanced with increasingy.The relaxor-like ferroelectric behavior with a strong frequency dispersion of Tm and permittivity at T<Tm accompanied by a strong diffuse phase transition is found for the system with high y value.The remnant polarization decreases with increasing y,while the coercive field decreases remarkably and then increases with the increase of y.

Effect of Dy addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-4Y-3Nd-0.4Zr alloy

Minor Dy element was added into a Mg?4Y?3Nd?0.4Zr alloy,and its effects on the microstructure and the mechanicalproperties at elevated temperatures were investigated.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM)were used to observe the microstructures.The results indicated that the as-cast eutectic and isolated cuboid-shaped Mg?REphases were Mg5RE and Mg3RE17,respectively,and distributed mainly along grain boundaries.After a solution treatment,theeutectic Mg5RE phases were dissolved into the matrix,whereas the Mg3RE17compound still remained.After peak aging,fineMg?RE phases were precipitated homogeneously within the matrix of the alloys containing Dy.Dy addition can result in asignificant improvement in the tensile strength at both room and elevated temperatures,and a slight decrease in the elongation.

Simultaneous improvement in strength and ductility of extruded Mg alloy via novel closed forging extrusion

A novel continuous plastic process employed on AZ31 Mg alloy called closed forging extrusion(CFE)was presented.The optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,electron back-scatter diffraction and tensile and compressive tests were employed to investigate the microstructure evolution and strengthening mechanism.The results indicated that the CFE-process can promote dynamic recrystallization(DRX),eliminate the coarsen unDRXed grain regions,refine the grains effectively,and improve the strength,plasticity and anisotropy of the alloy.The grain refinement was mainly attributed to the stress,which facilitated the nucleation of recrystallization and refined the microstructure via the CFE.The fully DRXed ultrafine grained structure improved the strength and plasticity simultaneously.After 60 s closed forging and continuous extrusion,the alloy exhibits relatively high TYS,UTS,CYS,elongation and yield asymmetry of 305 MPa,337 MPa,295 MPa,27%and 0.97,respectively.

Correlation between microstructure and corrosion and cavitation erosion behaviors of nickel aluminum bronze

The microstructure,corrosion and cavitation erosion(CE)behaviors of the as-cast and four different heat treated nickel aluminum bronzes(NABs)in 3.5 wt.%NaCl solution were investigated.The results show that after annealing,β′transformed into the eutectoid microstructure,and moreκIV precipitated fromα.Less eutectoid microstructure and moreβ′were obtained after normalizing.The quenched NAB mainly consisted ofαandβ′phases,and fine,acicularαandκphases precipitated insideβ′after subsequent aging.The largest proportion of the eutectoid microstructure,which underwent severe selective phase corrosion,was responsible for the lowest corrosion resistance of the annealed NAB.The quenched NAB possessed the most protective film and hence the highest corrosion resistance.The mechanical attack was primarily responsible for the CE damage for the as-cast,annealed and normarlized NABs.The quenched and quenched+aged NABs exhibited superior CE resistance because of the high hardness.The CE−corrosion synergy dominantly caused CE degradation,and it was largely attributed to corrosion-enhanced-CE.

Relaxor ferroelectric and dielectric properties of(1-x)Ba(Zr_(1/3)Ti_(2/3))O_(3)-xBaMg_(0.1)Ta_(0.9))O_(3)ceramics

The environmentally-friendly(1-x)Ba(Zr_(1/3)Ti_(2/3))O_(3)-xBaMg_(0.1)Ta_(0.9))O_(3)(x=0,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08)relaxor ferroelectric ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid-state method and sintered in air at 1400°C for 2 h.SEM and XRD analyses were utilized to study the surface morphologies and the crystalline structures,respectively.The effects of BaMg_(0.1)Ta_(0.9))O_(3)on the phase transformation,dielectric and ferroelectric properties of Ba(Zr_(1/3)Ti_(2/3))O_(3)ceramics were also investigated.It is found that the average grain size of(1-x)Ba(Zr_(1/3)Ti_(2/3))O_(3)-xBaMg_(0.1)Ta_(0.9))O_(3)(BZT-BMT)perovskite single-phase ceramics decreases as the content of BaMg_(0.1)Ta_(0.9))O_(3)(BMT)increases.The relaxor ferroelectric behavior with diffuse phase transition and well-defined frequency dispersion of dielectric maximum temperature is found for the ceramic with increasing x values.0.98BZT-0.02BMT ceramic shows very good dielectric properties with the relative permittivity and the dielectric loss,measured at 100 k Hz as 6034 and 0.01399 respectively at room temperature.Both remnant polarization and coercive field decreased with increasing BMT content,indicating a transition from the ferroelectric phase to the paraelectric phase at room temperature.

Ni含量对Co-Al-W合金热腐蚀行为的影响

研究不同Ni含量的Co-9Al-9.5W合金在900℃涂覆75%Na_(2)SO_(4)+25%NaCl熔融盐的热腐蚀行为。测试了合金的腐蚀动力学曲线,利用扫面电镜观察腐蚀产物,利用XRD分析腐蚀样品表面产物类型。结果表明,合金的腐蚀进程兼具氧化和硫化的特征;随着合金中Ni含量的增加,合金的抗热腐性能力提高。合金的热腐蚀产物主要由NiO,CoO,Al_(2)S_(3)和CoNiO_(2)组成,并进一步探讨了钴基合金的热腐蚀机制。