Crack elimination and strength enhancement mechanisms of selective laser melted Si-modified Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy

In order to increase the processability and process window of the selective laser melting(SLM)-fabricated Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy,a novel Si-modified Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy was designed.The effect of Si alloying on the surface quality,processability,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the SLM-fabricated alloy was studied.The results showed that introducing Si into the Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy prevented balling and keyhole formation,refined the grain size,and reduced the solidification temperature,which eliminated cracks and increased the processability and process window of the alloy.The maximum relative density of the SLM-fabricated Si/Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy reached 99.6%.The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the alloy were(371±7)MPa and(518±6)MPa,respectively.These values were higher than those of the SLM-fabricated Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr and other Sc-free Al−Mg-based alloys.

Strength and plasticity improvement induced by strong grain refinement after Zr alloying in selective laser-melted AlSiMg1.4 alloy

In order to enhance the mechanical properties of the selective laser-melted(SLM) high-Mg content AlSiMg1.4 alloy,the Zr element was introduced.The influence of Zr alloying on the processability,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the alloy was systematically investigated through performing microstructure analysis and tensile testing.It was demonstrated that the SLM-fabricated AlSiMg1.4-Zr alloy exhibited high process stability with a relative density of over 99.5% at various process parameters.Besides,the strong grain refinement induced by the primary Al3Zr particle during the melt solidification process simultaneously enhanced both the strength and plasticity of the alloy.The values for the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and elongation of the SLM-fabricated AlSiMg1.4-Zr were(343±3) MPa,(485±4) MPa,and(10.2±0.2)%,respectively,demonstrating good strengthplasticity synergy in comparison to the AlSiMg1.4 and other Al-Si-based alloys fabricated by SLM.

Effects of La-Ce addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-18Si-4Cu-0.5Mg alloy

The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Al-18 Si-4 Cu-0.5 Mg alloy modified by the addition of La-Ce rare earth elements through OM,SEM,EPMA and tensile tests were investigated.The results of OM and SEM analyses indicated that primary Si particles were significantly refined from coarse block-like and irregular polygonal shapes into fine flaky shapes,while eutectic Si particles were modified from coarse and needle-like into fine and rod-or coral-like shapes with increase of La-Ce addition.The alloy exhibited the minimum primary Si particle size and the best mechanical properties with the addition of 0.3 wt.%La-Ce.The average particle size decreased from 61 to 28 μm,the ultimate tensile strength increased from 222 to 242 MPa and the elongation increased from 3.2% to 6.3%.In addition,modification mechanisms and fracture modes were explored by the means of SEM and EPMA.

Dielectric properties and relaxor ferroelectric behavior of （1-y）Ba(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3-yBa(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics

The microstructure,dielectric and ferroelectric properties of(1-y)Ba(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3-yBa(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3(y=0-0.05)ceramics prepared by traditional solid state method were investigated by X-ray diffractometer,scanning electron microscope,electric parameter testing system and ferroelectric tester.It is found that the barium zirconate titanate based ceramics are single-phase perovskites as y increases up to 0.05 and their average grain size decreases with the increase of y.The permittivity maximumεr,max is suppressed from 8948 to 1611 at 1 kHz with increasing y,and the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition temperature Tm decreases from 93 to-89℃at 1 kHz as y increases.The composition-induced diffuse phase transition is enhanced with increasingy.The relaxor-like ferroelectric behavior with a strong frequency dispersion of Tm and permittivity at T<Tm accompanied by a strong diffuse phase transition is found for the system with high y value.The remnant polarization decreases with increasing y,while the coercive field decreases remarkably and then increases with the increase of y.

Effect of Dy addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-4Y-3Nd-0.4Zr alloy

Minor Dy element was added into a Mg?4Y?3Nd?0.4Zr alloy,and its effects on the microstructure and the mechanicalproperties at elevated temperatures were investigated.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM)were used to observe the microstructures.The results indicated that the as-cast eutectic and isolated cuboid-shaped Mg?REphases were Mg5RE and Mg3RE17,respectively,and distributed mainly along grain boundaries.After a solution treatment,theeutectic Mg5RE phases were dissolved into the matrix,whereas the Mg3RE17compound still remained.After peak aging,fineMg?RE phases were precipitated homogeneously within the matrix of the alloys containing Dy.Dy addition can result in asignificant improvement in the tensile strength at both room and elevated temperatures,and a slight decrease in the elongation.

Simultaneous improvement in strength and ductility of extruded Mg alloy via novel closed forging extrusion

A novel continuous plastic process employed on AZ31 Mg alloy called closed forging extrusion(CFE)was presented.The optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,electron back-scatter diffraction and tensile and compressive tests were employed to investigate the microstructure evolution and strengthening mechanism.The results indicated that the CFE-process can promote dynamic recrystallization(DRX),eliminate the coarsen unDRXed grain regions,refine the grains effectively,and improve the strength,plasticity and anisotropy of the alloy.The grain refinement was mainly attributed to the stress,which facilitated the nucleation of recrystallization and refined the microstructure via the CFE.The fully DRXed ultrafine grained structure improved the strength and plasticity simultaneously.After 60 s closed forging and continuous extrusion,the alloy exhibits relatively high TYS,UTS,CYS,elongation and yield asymmetry of 305 MPa,337 MPa,295 MPa,27%and 0.97,respectively.

Correlation between microstructure and corrosion and cavitation erosion behaviors of nickel aluminum bronze

The microstructure,corrosion and cavitation erosion(CE)behaviors of the as-cast and four different heat treated nickel aluminum bronzes(NABs)in 3.5 wt.%NaCl solution were investigated.The results show that after annealing,β′transformed into the eutectoid microstructure,and moreκIV precipitated fromα.Less eutectoid microstructure and moreβ′were obtained after normalizing.The quenched NAB mainly consisted ofαandβ′phases,and fine,acicularαandκphases precipitated insideβ′after subsequent aging.The largest proportion of the eutectoid microstructure,which underwent severe selective phase corrosion,was responsible for the lowest corrosion resistance of the annealed NAB.The quenched NAB possessed the most protective film and hence the highest corrosion resistance.The mechanical attack was primarily responsible for the CE damage for the as-cast,annealed and normarlized NABs.The quenched and quenched+aged NABs exhibited superior CE resistance because of the high hardness.The CE−corrosion synergy dominantly caused CE degradation,and it was largely attributed to corrosion-enhanced-CE.

Relaxor ferroelectric and dielectric properties of(1-x)Ba(Zr_(1/3)Ti_(2/3))O_(3)-xBaMg_(0.1)Ta_(0.9))O_(3)ceramics

The environmentally-friendly(1-x)Ba(Zr_(1/3)Ti_(2/3))O_(3)-xBaMg_(0.1)Ta_(0.9))O_(3)(x=0,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08)relaxor ferroelectric ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid-state method and sintered in air at 1400°C for 2 h.SEM and XRD analyses were utilized to study the surface morphologies and the crystalline structures,respectively.The effects of BaMg_(0.1)Ta_(0.9))O_(3)on the phase transformation,dielectric and ferroelectric properties of Ba(Zr_(1/3)Ti_(2/3))O_(3)ceramics were also investigated.It is found that the average grain size of(1-x)Ba(Zr_(1/3)Ti_(2/3))O_(3)-xBaMg_(0.1)Ta_(0.9))O_(3)(BZT-BMT)perovskite single-phase ceramics decreases as the content of BaMg_(0.1)Ta_(0.9))O_(3)(BMT)increases.The relaxor ferroelectric behavior with diffuse phase transition and well-defined frequency dispersion of dielectric maximum temperature is found for the ceramic with increasing x values.0.98BZT-0.02BMT ceramic shows very good dielectric properties with the relative permittivity and the dielectric loss,measured at 100 k Hz as 6034 and 0.01399 respectively at room temperature.Both remnant polarization and coercive field decreased with increasing BMT content,indicating a transition from the ferroelectric phase to the paraelectric phase at room temperature.

原位生成Al3Zr/Al基复合材料等离子焊接组织及表面腐蚀行为

以5%Al3Zr/铝基复合材料(质量分数)为研究对象,以Ar气体为离子气体,Al-Ti-B为丝材进行等离子焊接。用电化学综合测试仪测定了焊接区在3.5%Na Cl溶液中的腐蚀极化曲线。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对复合材料及其焊缝的组织和相组成进行了分析和表征,研究了Al3Zr/Al基复合材料等离子焊接后在3.5%Na Cl溶液中的腐蚀行为和腐蚀机理。SEM分析结果表明,等离子弧焊接可获得较好的焊缝组织,焊缝组织主要由Al3Ti相和Al基体组成,Al3Ti相呈条状和球形。电化学极化曲线表明,材料在熔核处的耐蚀性略低于母材,焊缝处浸泡腐蚀机理为Al3Ti相和基体相的电极电位不同形成原电池反应。