复方中药制剂“增乳健牛散”对奶牛隐性乳房炎主要病原菌的药敏试验

根据中兽医学理论和中药特性,组成复方中药制剂"增乳健牛散"4个不同的方剂,制备水煎液对奶牛乳房炎的主要病原菌进行抑菌试验。结果表明,4个不同的方剂水煎液都有抑菌效果;对金黄色葡萄球菌和无乳链球菌方剂3为极敏,其他3个不同的方剂为高敏;方剂3抑菌作用最强。

紫黄散对人工感染传染性法氏囊病病毒雏鸡血液生化指标的影响

为探讨紫黄散对人工感染鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒的预防与治疗效果以及对鸡血液生化指标的影响，将1日龄雏鸡适应饲养6d后，随机分为6个处理，分别用A、B、C、D、E、F组表示。在14日龄时A、B、C组按高[C：90mg／（mL·kg-1）]、中[C：45mg／（mL·kg-1）]、低Ec：4．5rag／（mL·kg-1）]3个剂量灌服紫黄散，D、E、F组灌服生理盐水，每只鸡1mL，连续灌服7d，其中F组作为空白对照组，隔离饲养。在21日龄时对A组～E组进行攻毒，每只点眼0．2mL传代毒液，F组0．2mL生理盐水，临床症状以法氏囊发生病变和胸肌、腿肌出血为准。攻毒3d后，阳性对照D组每只鸡肌注卵黄抗体0．5mL，其他各组注射0．5mL生理盐水。观察攻毒前、后鸡只的临床症状，每天记录各组的死亡数，最后统计死亡率。雏鸡饲养至试验的第24、28、40、42天，从各试验组中随机取10只分别无菌采集血液经离心机3000r／min离心，取其血清，-20℃保存，用于血液生化检测血清总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）。结果表明紫黄散能明显降低IBDV感染雏鸡死亡率，B组与E组相比死亡率降低15．6％；用药B组血液生化指标有显著（P〈0．05）提高，部分时间点与E组差异极显著（P〈0．01）。表明紫黄散对抗IB-DV导致的免疫抑制有显著作用。

Effects of Herbal Feed Additive on Milk Production of Dairy Cows

[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the herbal feed additive Zengrujianniusan on the milk production of dairy cows. [Method] Thirty-two black-white lactating cows were randomly divided into four groups, and were fed with forage supplemented with 0 （control group）, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% Zengrujianniusan for 60 d. During this period, the contents of fat, protein and non-fat solid in milk were measured every 20 d. [Result] The milk production of the cows whose forage was added with 0.2 %, 0.4 % and 0.6% Zengrujianniusan was 4.02%, 12.50%, 14.00% higher than that of the control （P〉0.05）. The herbal feed additive had no significant influence on the contents of fat, milk and non-fat solid in milk, but significantly reduced the number of somatic cells. [Conclusion] The study will provide reference for developing feed additives which is safe and non-toxic to cows and their milk.

紫黄散对法氏囊病雏鸡免疫器官指数及血液生化指标的影响

该试验通过对14日龄雏鸡灌服不同浓度紫黄散,连续灌服7天,21日龄雏鸡接种传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV),制造传染性法氏囊病(IBD)病理模型,来观察雏鸡免疫器官指数变化差异及血液生化指标动态变化,探讨紫黄散对IBD雏鸡免疫功能的影响。试验结果:A、B和C组免疫器官指数与F组相比有不同水平的显著差异;血液生化指标Ast/Alt中A、B和C组极显著水平(p<0.01)低于E组,显著高于F(p<0.05)组。这说明紫黄散对机体免疫有显著增强作用,能显著降低传染性法氏囊病病毒对机体造成的损伤,有利于该疾病的防治,提高疫苗预防效果。

检测犬瘟热病毒和犬细小病毒复合型胶体金免疫层析试纸的研制

为了制备检测犬瘟热病毒(CDV)和犬细小病毒(CPV)复合型胶体金免疫层析试纸,试验采用辛酸-硫酸铵法纯化获得的单克隆抗体样品,采用一膜包被2个抗体的方法,用混合后的金标记抗貉源细小病毒VP2单克隆抗体和胶体金标记抗水貂源犬瘟热病毒单克隆抗体作为示踪物,建立了CPV和CDV感染快速鉴别诊断试纸条。结果表明:本方法特异性强,灵敏度高,且操作简便、结果判定直观,可以用于貉、貂、狐等毛皮动物CPV和CDV感染的检测与鉴别诊断。

“增乳健牛散”对奶牛生产性能的影响

将32头荷斯坦泌乳母牛,按试验要求随机分为4组,分别饲喂在精料中添加0.2%、0.4%、0.6%中药添加剂"增乳健牛散"的日粮,试验为期60d。结果表明,饲料中添加0.2%、0.4%、0.6%中药添加剂的试验牛较对照组提高产奶量分别达4.02%、12.5%、14.0%(P>0.05),对牛奶营养指标(乳脂、乳蛋白、乳糖、总乳固形物)没有确定影响,但可显著降低其体细胞数。

Effect of Echinacea Polysaccharide on Secretion of TNF-α mRNA by IEC-6 Injured by LPS

Objective] This study was conducted to investigate Echinacea polysaccha-ride （EPS） on expression of tumor necrosis factor （TNF） under injury of intestinal epithelial cel s （lEC-6） by lipopolysaccharide （LPS）, so as to discuss the action mechanism of EPS to injured cel s. [Method] Total DNA was extracted with TRlzon reagent, TNF-α mRNA was amplified, and the amplification products were subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis and imaging. [Result] 50 μg/ml EPS could partial y in-hibited the production of TNF-α mRNA by lEC-6 under the stimulation of LPS, while the inhibition of 200 and 500 μg/ml EPS on the level of TNF-α mRNA gradual y in-creased with the concentration increasing; and lEC-6 cel s pretreated with 50, 100, 200 and 500 μg/ml EPS for 24 h and then stimulated by 10 μg/ml LPS for 1 and 4 h were analyzed by RT-PCR method, and it was found that the expression of TNF-α mRNA induced by LPS could be effectively inhibited by EPS, and the inhibition rate at 4 h was higher than that at 1 h. [Conclusion] EPS could play its role of protecting intestinal mucosa by inhibiting the secretion of TNF-α mRNA by cel s un-der the stimulation of LPS, and such inhibition effects of EPS had concentration dependency and time dependency.

Histological Effects of Guchangcuzhang Powder on Intestine and Spleen in Experimental Piglets with Spleen Weakness

[Objective] This study aimed to explore the histological effects of Guchangcuzhang powder on intestine and spleen in experiment piglets with spleen weakness.[Method] The 12 piglets with diarrhea were divided into two groups,namely the Guchangcuzhang powder group and the control group,six in each.On two and eight days after the drug discontinuance respectively,three piglets were selected from each of the group and killed by bloodletting from the jugular vein.Afterwards,paraffin sections of intestine and spleen were made and stained by HE staining solution,followed by observation of the histological changes.[Result] The structures of intestine and spleen in piglets drenched with Guchangcuzhang powder restored or approachedto normal.[Conlusion] Guchangcuzhang powder has the function of healing piglet diarrhea.

Histological Effects of Guchangcuzhang Powder on Parenchymatous Organs in Experimental Piglets with Spleen Weakness

[Objective] This study aimed to explore the histological effects of Guchangcuzhang powder on the parenchymatous organs in experiment piglets with spleen weakness. [Method] For the 12 healthy piglets, 0.5 ml of reserpine was injected at their jugular muscle once every day for 10 days. Afterwards, the 12 piglets with diarrhea were divided into two groups, namely the Guchangcuzhang powder group and the control group, six in each. In the former group, 6 g of Guchangcuzhang powder was brewed with 20 ml of boiling water and then the piglets were drenched with the medication solution for 7 d once every day; in the latter group, each piglet was drenched with 20 ml of normal saline once every day for 7 d. On two and eight days after the drug discontinuance respectively, three piglets were selected from each of the group and killed by bloodletting from the jugular vein. Afterwards, paraffin sections of heart, liver, lungs and kidney was made and then stained respectively, followed by observation of the histological changes.[Result] The histological structure of each parenchymatous organ in piglets drenched with Guchangcuzhang powder restored or approached to normal. [Conlusion]Guchangcuzhang powder has a good therapeutic against diarrhea in piglets.

Drug Sensitive Test on Main Pathogenic Bacteria of Cow Recessiveness Mastitis Using Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation “Zengrujianniusan”

According to the theory of Chinese veterinary medicine and characteristics of Chinese herbal medicine, four different preparations of compound Chinese medicine ＂Zengrujianniusan＂ were composed, and the prepared water decoction was used to carry on the bacteriostatic test on main pathogens of cow recessiveness mastitis. The results showed that the four different prescriptions of water decoction all had antibacterial effects. The prescription 3 was sensitive to Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae, while the other three prescriptions showed high sensitivity, and the prescription 3 had the strongest bacteriostatic effects.

Drug Screening Experiment in vitro of Mycoplasma wenyonii in Cattle

RPMI-1640 was used as the basic culture medium and 30% calf serum was added. Using Berenil, tetracycline,dipterex,tiamulin,imidocarb,florfenicol,ethacri-dine,primaquine phosphate and other drug powder,the drug screening experiment in vitro of Mycoplasma wenyoni was made under the conditions of 37 ℃, 5% CO2. The results showed that the effects of ethacridine was the best ,and that of dipterex and primaquine phosphate were next. The toxicity of dipterex was greater. Berenil, imidocarb and florfenicol were efficient.

Antibacterial Activity of Herbal Preparations against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae in Cow Mastitis

[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial activity of herbal preparations against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae in cow mastitis. [Method] The crude drug solutions of four different prescriptions for Zengrujianniusan were prepared through reflux extraction. Their antibacterial activity in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae in cow mastitis were investigated. [Result] All the four different prescriptions exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. agalactiae. Among them, prescription Ⅲ was extremely sensitive, and had the best bactericidal effect. The other three prescriptions were highly sensitive. [Conclusion] This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of herbal preparations for the treatment of cow mastitis.

Changes in Blood and Semen Quality of Bulls after Artificial Infection with Mycoplasma wenyonii

[Objective]This study aimed to investigate the effects of Mycoplasma wenyoni on blood and semen quality of breeding bul s. [Method] Ten 10 healthy breeding bul s of Luxi cattle were randomly divided into two groups. Breeding bul s in experimental group were injected intravenously with M. wenyoni on Day 0 and Day 28. Effects of Mycoplasma wenyoni on breeding bul s were evaluated compre-hensively based on clinical symptoms, blood smears, blood physiological and bio-chemical properties, semen quality and scrotal changes. [Result] In addition to indi-vidual indices, the experimental group exhibited basical y normal clinical examination results without significant abnormal blood and semen quality. [Conclusion] This study suggests that M. wenyoni has low virulence and pathogenicity to breeding bul s af-ter artificial infection, leading to no significant changes in blood and semen quality.

Histopathological Observation of Colibacillosis in Laying Hens

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the histopathological changes of hens with colibacillosis.[Method] Epidemiological investigation,clinical symptoms observation,pathological autopsy,laboratory diagnosis and paraffin-embedded tissue section were performed to diagnose the laying hens from a farm in Changli County,affected by a disease similar to pericarditis and perihepatitis in clinical symptoms.[Result] The pathogen isolated from those hens was E.coli.The histopathological changes of the diseased hens included myocardial cell degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration in heart,fibrotic perihepatitis,necrotic hepatitis in liver,decreased lymphoid cells and inflammatory cell infiltration in spleen,lung congestion,lung room full of erythrocytes,hyaline degeneration in glomerular capillary and small intestinal epithelial cell shedding.[Conclusion] This study will provide scientific basis for the diagnosis and control of colibacillosis in poultry.

Breeding Soundness Examination of Breeding Bull after Infecting Mycoplasma wenyonii

[Objective] The research aimed to study the reproductive health of breed- ing bull after infecting Mycoplasma wenyoniL [Method] The blood and semen quality of breeding bull before and after drug treatment was studied by the methods of blood routine examination and breeding soundness examination （BSE）. [Result] Be- fore the treatment with primaquine phosphate, slight anaemia was seen in diseased bull and a lot of M.wenyonfi were seen on blood smears. The scrotal wall of dis- eased bull swelled, testis was softened, the semen quality was reduced, semen quality was decreased and the proportion of primary and secondary deformed sperms was increased. After drug treatment, M.wenyonfi quickly disappeared from blood and the clinical systems were gradually alleviated, so BSE of breeding bulls after one month was passed. [Conclusion] The research laid the foundation for fur- ther study on the relationship between M.wenyonfi and the reduction of bull＇s repro- ductive functions.

抗酵母表达犬细小病毒蛋白VP2的单克隆抗体的制备和鉴定

以纯化的酵母重组表达的犬细小病毒VP2单位免疫BALB/C小鼠,采用B淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术,通过ELISA方法筛选,获得4株能稳定分泌抗犬细小病毒CPV结构蛋白VP2的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株。4株单克隆抗体中,2株属于IgG2b亚类,2株属于IgG1亚类,其腹水效价可达到1∶51 200和1∶204 800,细胞培养上清液效价可达1∶256、1∶512。ELISA分析表明,这些单抗仅与CPV及其VP2发生特异性反应,而与CDV和CAV-1及CAV-2没有交叉反应;荧光免疫染色病毒检测进一步表明单克隆抗体的特异性效果好。这些特异性单抗的制备为建立有效的检测犬细小病毒感染奠定了基础。

犬瘟热病毒单克隆抗体的制备和鉴定

将从水貂中分离的犬瘟热病毒(CDV)HB株,以培养纯化的犬瘟热病毒HB株免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用B淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术,通过ELISA筛选,获得3株能稳定分泌抗犬瘟热病毒结构蛋白的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株。3株单克隆抗体菌属于IgG1亚类,其腹水效价可达到1∶51 200和1∶204 800,细胞培养上清液效价可达到1∶256和1∶512。ELISA分析表明,单抗仅与CDV发生特异性反应,而与犬细小病毒(CPV)和犬腺毒(CAV)没有交叉反应;荧光免疫染色检测进一步表明单克隆抗体的特异性好。该特异性单抗的制备为建立有效检测犬瘟热病毒感染的方法奠定基础。