麦棉套作模式下差量播种对小麦抗倒性能及产量的影响

[目的]在麦棉套作模式下,通过调整小麦边行与内行播种量,探索防止小麦倒伏与增产的新途径。[方法]于2016-2017年在曲周试验站开展试验,采用裂区设计,主因素为边行播种量,设225kg·hm^(-2)(B1)与300kg·hm^(-2)(B2)两个水平,副因素为内行播种量,设150kg·hm^(-2)(T1)、225kg·hm^(-2)(T2)、300kg·hm^(-2)(T3)3个水平;调查小麦秸秆直径、断裂拉力、倒伏率等抗倒性能指标与小麦产量及其构成。[结果]随播量增加,边行与内行小麦主茎基部第二节间直径与断裂强度下降,单位面积穗数、产量呈上升趋势,穗粒数、千粒重呈下降趋势;边行与内行相互影响显著,内行播量增加对边行小麦生长存在负效应,边行播量增加同样抑制内行小麦生长。综合来看,当边行播量在300kg·hm^(-2),内行播量在150kg·hm^(-2)时小麦平均产量最高,内行倒伏率接近最低。[结论]在麦棉套作模式下,采用增加边行播量,降低内行播量的差量播种方式,有利于防止小麦倒伏,提高小麦产量。

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Plant Disease Resistance Regulated by NPR1

NPR1 is an intersection of different disease resistance pathways and plays a key role in systemic-acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance. NPR1 regulates constitutive resistance and disease resistance determined by resistant genes. In this paper, the mechanism of disease resistance of NPR1 genes and its analogs were described. The research status and progress of NPR1 transgenic crops were systematically discussed. The application prospect of NPR1 transgenic crops was also forecasted.