麦棉套作模式下播量与播种方式对小麦生长发育及产量的影响

为提高麦棉套作模式下的小麦产量,探索适宜的播种方式与播量,采用裂区试验设计,主因素为播种方式,设置小麦撒播与条播两个处理,副因素为播量,设置187.5、225.0、262.5 kg·hm^(-2)和300.0 kg·hm^(-2)四个处理,研究了播种方式与播量对小麦生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明:与条播相比,撒播小麦群体截获光能量提高,基部第二节间直径提高0.05 mm,单位面积地上部干物质积累量提高6.1%,根系生长量明显优于条播,单位面积穗数增加11.8%,穗粒数和千粒重与条播相差不大,最终撒播小麦较条播小麦增产5.1%;随播量增加,群体截获光能量增加,地上部干物质积累与根系生长量均有提高,单位面积穗数呈增加趋势,但单株发育趋弱,单株成穗数降低,穗粒数与千粒重呈降低趋势,撒播四个播量间小麦产量差异达显著水平,以225.0 kg·hm^(-2)播量处理最高,条播四个播量间小麦产量差异不显著,以播量262.5 kg·hm^(-2)最高。在麦棉套作模式下,小麦采用撒播、播量控制在225.0 kg·hm^(-2)时可有效提高小麦产量。

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Plant Disease Resistance Regulated by NPR1

NPR1 is an intersection of different disease resistance pathways and plays a key role in systemic-acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance. NPR1 regulates constitutive resistance and disease resistance determined by resistant genes. In this paper, the mechanism of disease resistance of NPR1 genes and its analogs were described. The research status and progress of NPR1 transgenic crops were systematically discussed. The application prospect of NPR1 transgenic crops was also forecasted.