By using the simulated ditch experiment,the differences of nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacities of 9 aquatic plants were studied,and the better varieties of nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity were se...By using the simulated ditch experiment,the differences of nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacities of 9 aquatic plants were studied,and the better varieties of nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity were selected to construct the ecological ditch and oxidation pond to study the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption effect.The results showed that the nitrogen and phosphorus residues in the simulated ditch water were signi ficantly reduced after planting aquatic plants.The biomass of Canna glauca,Myriophyllum elatinoides,Sorbaria sorbifolia,Pontederia cordata and Zizania was high,and the uptakes of nitrogen and phosphorus were high.Among them,the effect of planting Canna glauca and Myriophyllum elatinoides was the best.The concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage decreased signi ficantly after being absorbed by aquatic plants in ecological ditches;the concentration of total nitrogen,soluble nitrogen and total phosphorus in main ditches decreased by 39.6%,40.1% and 36.9% respectively on average;the concentration of total nitrogen,soluble nitrogen and total phosphorus in branch ditches decreased by 6.6%,10.3% and 13.6% on average.The concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the oxidation pond could be further reduced by 17.7%and 13.3%.Ecological ditches can effectively intercept nitrogen and phosphorus in water,and have good ecological benefits of purifying water to obtain improved water quality.展开更多
为研究长期稻稻、稻稻油不同轮作条件下土壤结构、土壤养分与水稻产量的关系。本文对经30年稻稻油(DDY)与稻稻(DDF)轮作的土壤养分、土壤质地和水稻产量进行研究。结果表明:长期稻稻油轮作土壤pH值、有机质、全氮含量均低于稻稻轮作,土...为研究长期稻稻、稻稻油不同轮作条件下土壤结构、土壤养分与水稻产量的关系。本文对经30年稻稻油(DDY)与稻稻(DDF)轮作的土壤养分、土壤质地和水稻产量进行研究。结果表明:长期稻稻油轮作土壤pH值、有机质、全氮含量均低于稻稻轮作,土壤全钾含量高于稻稻轮作;长期稻稻油轮作土壤伊利石含量低于稻稻轮作,而高岭石含量高于稻稻轮作,表明长期稻稻油轮作能提高土壤风化程度,促进土壤养分元素的释放;Clay:SOC值能较好表征土壤结构状况,且与SOC呈较好线性关系,长期稻稻油轮作土壤Clay:SOC值均低于稻稻轮作;长期稻稻轮作水稻年均产量为14346 kg hm^(-2),长期稻稻油轮作水稻年均产量为15254 kg hm^(-2),年均增产6.3%。因此,长期稻稻油轮作能显著改良耕层土壤结构,促进土壤养分元素的释放及水稻的氮肥利用率,从而显著提高水稻籽粒产量。展开更多
文摘By using the simulated ditch experiment,the differences of nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacities of 9 aquatic plants were studied,and the better varieties of nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity were selected to construct the ecological ditch and oxidation pond to study the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption effect.The results showed that the nitrogen and phosphorus residues in the simulated ditch water were signi ficantly reduced after planting aquatic plants.The biomass of Canna glauca,Myriophyllum elatinoides,Sorbaria sorbifolia,Pontederia cordata and Zizania was high,and the uptakes of nitrogen and phosphorus were high.Among them,the effect of planting Canna glauca and Myriophyllum elatinoides was the best.The concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage decreased signi ficantly after being absorbed by aquatic plants in ecological ditches;the concentration of total nitrogen,soluble nitrogen and total phosphorus in main ditches decreased by 39.6%,40.1% and 36.9% respectively on average;the concentration of total nitrogen,soluble nitrogen and total phosphorus in branch ditches decreased by 6.6%,10.3% and 13.6% on average.The concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the oxidation pond could be further reduced by 17.7%and 13.3%.Ecological ditches can effectively intercept nitrogen and phosphorus in water,and have good ecological benefits of purifying water to obtain improved water quality.
文摘为研究长期稻稻、稻稻油不同轮作条件下土壤结构、土壤养分与水稻产量的关系。本文对经30年稻稻油(DDY)与稻稻(DDF)轮作的土壤养分、土壤质地和水稻产量进行研究。结果表明:长期稻稻油轮作土壤pH值、有机质、全氮含量均低于稻稻轮作,土壤全钾含量高于稻稻轮作;长期稻稻油轮作土壤伊利石含量低于稻稻轮作,而高岭石含量高于稻稻轮作,表明长期稻稻油轮作能提高土壤风化程度,促进土壤养分元素的释放;Clay:SOC值能较好表征土壤结构状况,且与SOC呈较好线性关系,长期稻稻油轮作土壤Clay:SOC值均低于稻稻轮作;长期稻稻轮作水稻年均产量为14346 kg hm^(-2),长期稻稻油轮作水稻年均产量为15254 kg hm^(-2),年均增产6.3%。因此,长期稻稻油轮作能显著改良耕层土壤结构,促进土壤养分元素的释放及水稻的氮肥利用率,从而显著提高水稻籽粒产量。