4045铝合金热变形行为及其加工图

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对4045铝合金在变形速率为0.01～10s-1,变形温度为300～450℃条件下进行等温热压缩实验,研究了该合金的热变形行为及其热加工特性.结果表明:4045铝合金热变形过程的流变行为可用双曲正弦模型来描述,其平均激活能为189.93kJ/mol.基于动态材料模型(DMM)获得了4045铝合金的热加工图,并结合热加工图和金相显微组织分析得到了该合金在实验参数范围内较优的热加工工艺参数范围:加工温度为380～450℃,变形速率为0.1～0.3s-1.

新型Al-Mn合金均匀化处理过程中组织和性能演变

通过差热分析、金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析、硬度和电导率测试等方法,对一种新型Al-Mn合金铸锭均匀化过程中的组织演变和性能变化规律进行研究。结果表明：在加热温度为560-620℃、保温时间为12-72 h的均匀化处理过程中,合金铸锭的电导率随温度的升高或保温时间的延长逐渐降低,但硬度先持续降低后在高于600℃均匀化时反而升高;合金铸锭由枝晶和晶间非平衡相组成,随均匀化温度的升高和保温时间的延长,晶间析出相逐渐溶解、球化,晶内细小弥散相大量析出;合金较优的热处理制度为600℃、24 h。

Characterization of dynamic microstructural evolution of AA7150 aluminum alloy at high strain rate during hot deformation

The AA7150 aluminum alloy was compressed to various strains at strain rate of 10 s（-1） and temperatures of 300 °C and 450 °C, respectively. Flow stress behavior, substructure evolution, morphology and spatial distribution of precipitates were studied based on differential scanning calorimetry analysis and transmission electron microscope observation. The results showed that dynamic flow softening occurs during hot deformation. The main softening mechanism could be concluded as dynamic recovery at 300 °C and continuous dynamic recrystallization at 450 °C. The clear heterogeneous spatial distributions of precipitates are found during deformation and enhanced with increased strain. Higher contents of Cu in T phases are found at 450 °C than at 300 °C, which present a transformation process from T phases to S phases as well. The associated evidence of dynamic precipitation on dislocations and particle-stimulated nucleation, as well as the detailed microstructural inherited relationship and morphological texture（particles preferred orientation） were characterized.

预时效6201铝合金重复连续挤压组织与力学性能

利用电子背散射衍射、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、偏光金相显微镜和拉伸试验对连铸连轧6201铝合金经预时效及随后重复连续挤压过程中组织和性能进行研究.结果表明:6201铝合金的强塑积随着挤压道次的增加逐渐增加,从原始的2.93 GPa·%增加到第四道次的4.85 GPa·%,之后趋于平稳.预时效后合金析出了大量的β″相,随着重复连续挤压道次的增加,晶粒有效细化且组织变得更加均匀,晶粒平均尺寸从259μm细化至60μm;合金中高密度的位错逐渐缠结、塞积并向亚晶界转变,时效析出的针状β″相逐渐回溶到合金基体中.力学性能的变化是晶粒细化与均匀化、位错组态的变化以及弥散的β″相回溶的综合结果.

新型偶氮苯基团凝胶因子的合成及其光响应行为

设计合成了两种新型偶氮苯类凝胶因子Azo-1和Azo-2,两者均能在多种有机溶剂中形成稳定凝胶.利用扫描电子显微镜观察凝胶的显微结构,发现随着溶剂极性增大,凝胶纤维束直径有所增大.采用Hansen溶度参数对凝胶性能进行分析,形成凝胶的溶剂集中分布在Hansen空间的一定区域,凝胶的Tgel主要受色散参数的影响.通过紫外-可见吸收光谱考察了凝胶因子在稀溶液及凝胶状态的光谱性质,在溶液中Azo-1的偶氮苯基团的光致反-顺异构转变速度远快于Azo-2,仅Azo-1在四氢呋喃和三氯乙烯等溶剂中表现出光致凝胶-溶胶的转变.光照前后的凝胶微观形貌结构发生显著的改变.通过Hansen溶度参数分析发现,能够发生光致相转变的溶剂在Hansen空间基本处在同一直线上.

蜜胺修饰的偶氮类凝胶因子的合成及其凝胶行为

设计合成了2个双蜜胺修饰的偶氮苯类小分子有机凝胶因子M-AZO-1和MAZO-2.M-AZO-1和M-AZO-2能在多种有机溶剂中形成稳定的凝胶.通过SEM观察凝胶聚集体结构发现,凝胶因子在不同溶剂中形成凝胶的微观形貌结构不同,在乙酸乙酯等极性溶剂中凝胶纤维直径较大,在甲苯和甲基环己烷等非极性溶剂中凝胶纤维直径较小.进一步研究了UV光照对凝胶行为的影响.M-AZO-1和M-AZO-2经365nm UV光照后仍可以形成凝胶,其凝胶聚集体结构变化不明显.

时效处理对Mg-4Zn合金组织及耐蚀性的影响

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、静态浸泡及电化学测试手段研究了时效处理对高应变速率轧制Mg-4Zn合金板材微观组织和耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:轧制态Mg-4Zn合金组织由细小均匀的动态再结晶晶粒组成,平均晶粒尺寸为3μm,合金内部析出相分布不均匀,局部区域存在位错;预时效(70℃/10 h)处理后合金内部析出大量GPI区(长度3～10 nm,宽约2～3个原子间距)和球状GPII区(直径4～10 nm);70℃/10 h+160℃/2 h时效处理后合金内部位错密度显著降低且析出相分布更为均匀;Mg-4Zn合金在Hank's溶液中的腐蚀形式为丝状腐蚀与点状腐蚀相结合;随着时效时间的延长,其耐腐蚀性能呈现先升高后降低的趋势.时效2 h时合金的耐蚀性达到最佳(平均腐蚀速率为0.28 mg·cm-2·d-1,腐蚀膜厚约6.3μm,腐蚀电位为-1.41 V,腐蚀电流密度为11.8μA/cm2),可归因于时效后位错密度降低、析出相分布更为细小均匀.

Effects of Al coating on corrosion resistance of sintered NdFeB magnet

Pure Al coating was deposited on sintered NdFeB magnet by direct current（DC） magnetron sputtering to improve the corrosion resistance of magnet. The influences of coating thickness and sputtering power on microstructure and corrosion resistance of Al coating were investigated. The surface morphology of Al coating was characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The corrosion properties were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization curves and neutral salt spray（NSS） test. The formation of the uniform and compact Al coating is a necessary condition to achieve excellent corrosion resistance. And the optimal corrosion resistance can be obtained in the sample with 6.69 μm thick Al coating deposited at 51-82 W.

冷轧前热处理对6016-T4P铝合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过拉伸试验、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等检测手段,研究了在冷轧前分别进行固溶处理和过时效处理工艺对6016-T4P板材组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:冷轧前进行固溶处理的6016-T4P板材比冷轧前进行过时效处理的6016-T4P板材塑性、强度和平面各向异性指数更高,晶粒度更小,晶界分布更均匀;而冷轧前进行过时效处理会弱化6016-T4P板材的再结晶织构强度并改变再结晶织构类型,进而改变板材平面内不同方向上的屈服强度并减小平面各向异性指数。

Microstructure and properties of Al-0.70Fe-0.24Cu alloy conductor prepared by horizontal continuous casting and subsequent continuous extrusion forming

A novel process for manufacturing A1-0.70Fe-0.24Cu alloy conductor was proposed, which includes horizontal continuous casting and subsequent continuous extrusion forming （Conform）. The mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and the compressed creep behaviour of the alloy were studied. The results indicate that the Conform process induces obvious grain refinement, strain-induced precipitation of AI7CuzFe phase and the transformation of crystal orientation distribution. The processed alloy has good comprehensive mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. Moreover, a better creep resistance under the conditions of 90 ~C and 76 MPa is shown compared with pure A1 and annealed copper, and the relationship between primary creep strain and time may comply with the logarithmic law. The enhanced properties are attributed to the grain refinement as well as the fine and homogeneously distributed thermally stable A1Fe and A17Cu2Fe precipitation phases.

15%SiC_P/8009铝基复合材料热压缩流变应力行为

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对15%Si CP/8009铝基复合材料在温度为400~550℃和应变速率为0.001~1 s^(-1)条件下的热变形流变行为进行研究。结果表明:流变应力在开始阶段随应变的增加而增大,出现峰值后逐渐趋于平稳;流变应力随温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的增大而升高,呈现出正应变速率敏感性;流变应力行为可以用双曲正弦模型来描述,其热变形激活能为488.3853 k J/mol,应力指数为7.19022。

Flow stress behavior and processing map of extruded 7075Al/SiC particle reinforced composite prepared by spray deposition during hot compression

Hot compression tests of the extruded 7075Al/15%SiC (volume fraction) particle reinforced composite prepared by spray deposition were performed on Gleeble?1500 system in the temperature range of 300?450 °C and strain rate range of 0.001?1 s?1. The results indicate that the true stress?true strain curve almost exhibits rapid flow softening phenomenon without an obvious work hardening, and the stress decreases with increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate. Moreover, the stress levels are higher at temperature below 400 °C but lower at 450 °C compared with the spray deposited 7075Al alloy. Superplastic deformation characteristics are found at temperature of 450 °C and strain rate range of 0.001?0.1 s?1 with corresponding strain rate sensitivity of 0.72. The optimum parameters of hot working are determined to be temperature of 430?450 °C and strain rate of 0.001?0.05 s?1 based on processing map and optical microstructural observation.

Characterization of dynamic microstructure evolution during hot deformation of Al-4.10Cu-1.42Mg-0.57Mn-0.12Zr alloy

The Al?4.10Cu?1.42Mg?0.57Mn?0.12Zr alloy was compressed to different strains at deformation temperature of 300 oC and strain rate of 10 s?1 on Gleeble?1500 system. The dynamic complex microstructures evolutions were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The true stress?true strain curves exhibited a peak stress at critical strain, after which the flow stresses decreased monotonically, showing a dynamic flow softening. As the strain increased, the dislocation tangled to cell structure and sub-grain structure, which indicated the occurrence of dynamic recovery during deformation. Dynamic precipitations ofS (Al2CuMg),θ (Al2Cu) and Al3Zr phase were accelerated and coarsened by deformation. ContinuousS phases precipitated in the Al matrix and discontinuousS phases were found to be nucleated near the Al3Zr phase and at the sub-grain boundary. The flow softening mechanism was resulted from the reduction of dislocation density which attributed to dynamic recovery and precipitates coarsening.

含密胺基团的偶氮苯类凝胶因子的合成及其凝胶性能

以对硝基苯酚和三聚氯氰为原料,合成了含密胺基团的偶氮苯类凝胶因子AZO-1和AZO-2。考察了AZO-1和AZO-2的临界凝胶温度（Tc）和临界凝胶浓度（CGC）,并利用SEM和紫外吸收光谱对凝胶的微观结构以及光响应行为进行了测定。结果表明,AZO-2较AZO-1具有更高的临界凝胶温度和更低的临界凝胶浓度,表现出较好的凝胶性能。AZO-1和AZO-2的凝胶纤维聚集结构不同,AZO-1纤维取向性较好,排列紧密;AZO-2纤维相互缠绕成三维网络结构,以簇状堆积为主。AZO-1和AZO-2经UV光照后仍可以稳定凝胶,但纤维形态结构发生了一定程度的变化。凝胶因子在不同状态下的红外光谱表明,分子间作用力在凝胶形成过程中起重要作用。

Dynamic recrystallization,texture and mechanical properties of high Mg content Al−Mg alloy deformed by high strain rate rolling

The Al−Mg alloy with high Mg addition(Al−9.2Mg−0.8Mn−0.2Zr-0.15Ti,in wt.%)was subjected to different passes(1,2 and 4)of high strain rate rolling(HSRR),with the total thickness reduction of 72%,the rolling temperature of 400℃and strain rate of 8.6 s^(−1).The microstructure evolution was studied by optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)and transmission electron microscope(TEM).The alloy that undergoes 2 passes of HSRR exhibits an obvious bimodal grain structure,in which the average grain sizes of the fine dynamic recrystallization(DRX)grains and the coarse non-DRX regions are 6.4 and 47.7mm,respectively.The high strength((507±9)MPa)and the large ductility((24.9±1.3)%)are obtained in the alloy containing the bimodal grain distribution.The discontinuous dynamic recrystallization(DDRX)mechanism is the prominent grain refinement mechanism in the alloy subjected to 2 passes of HSRR.

Effect of welding speed on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al−Mg−Mn−Zr−Ti alloy sheet during friction stir welding

Effects of welding speed on the microstructure evolution in the stir zone(SZ)and mechanical properties of the friction stir welding(FSW)joints were studied by OM,XRD,SEM,TEM,EBSD and tensile testing.Compared with the base metal(BM),an obviously fine dynamic recrystallization(DRX)microstructure occurs in the SZ and the DRX grain size decreases from 5.6 to 4.4μm with the increasing of welding speed.Fine DRX microstructure is mainly achieved by continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX)mechanism,strain induced boundary migration(SIBM)mechanism and particle stimulated nucleation(PSN)mechanism.Meanwhile,the geometric coalescence and the Burke−Turnbull mechanism are the main DRX grain growth mechanisms.Among all the welding speeds,the joint welded at rotation speed of 1500 r/min and welding speed of 75 mm/min has the greatest tensile properties,i.e.ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of(509±2)MPa,yield strength(YS)of(282±4)MPa,elongation(El)of(23±1)%,and the joint efficiency of 73%.

基于萘酰亚胺的功能凝胶因子的合成及其凝胶性能

以三聚氯氰为原料合成一种含有酰胺结构的三嗪中间体,与1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸二酐缩合得到萘酰亚胺衍生物NDI-M,运用1HNMR,13CNMR和红外光谱等手段对NDI-M的化学结构进行确认。采用试管倒转法考察NDI-M的凝胶性能;利用扫描电镜(SEM)观测NDI-M凝胶的微观形貌;通过紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱等研究NDI-M凝胶的光物理性能。研究结果表明:NDI-M在甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸丁酯和甲基丙烯酸丁酯等有机溶剂中均可形成热可逆的凝胶,除在乙酸丁酯中其临界凝胶浓度(CGC)为30 mmol/L外,在其他溶剂中均为20 mmol/L,且在不同的溶剂中形成的凝胶形貌结构有所差别;与溶液的光谱性质相比,形成凝胶后NDI-M的Stokes位移显著增大,不同凝胶的光谱性质表现出明显差异。

Dynamic recrystallization and mechanical properties of high-strain-rate hot rolled Mg-5Zn alloys with addition of Ca and Sr

Effects of the sole and the combined addition of Ca and Sr on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and as-rolled Mg-5 Zn alloys were carefully investigated by OM,SEM,hot-compression testing and tensile testing.Ca is more effective than Sr in the microstructural refinement of as-cast alloys.High-strain-rate rolling(HSRR)produces more deformed twins and thus provides more nucleation sites for dynamic recrystallization(DRX).The addition of Ca and Sr can promote dynamic precipitation during HSRR,the precipitation process would consume the storage energy and thus increases the critical strain value of DRX,resulting in the retarded DRX effect by the addition of Ca and/or Sr.The as-rolled Mg-5 Zn-0.4 Ca-0.2 Sr alloy exhibits a good combination of strength and ductility,with the ultimate tensile strength of 317 MPa,the yield strength of 235 MPa and the elongation to rupture of 24%.

Corrosion behavior of novel Cu-Ni-Al-Si alloy with super-high strength in 3.5% NaCl solution

A novel Cu?6.5Ni?1Al?1Si?0.15Mg?0.15Ce alloy with super-high strength was designed and its corrosion behavior in3.5%NaCl solution at25°C was investigated by the means of SEM observation,TEM observation and XPS analysis.The alloy after solution treatment,80%cold rolling and aging at450°C for1h had the best comprehensive properties with hardness of HV314,electrical conductivity of19.4%IACS,tensile strength of1017MPa,and average annual corrosion rate of0.028mm/a.The oxides and chloride products formed at first,followed by the formation of dyroxides products.The alloy showed super-high strength,good electrical conductivity and corrosion resistant because Ni2Si hindered the precipitation of large NiAl at the grain boundary and the denickelefication of the alloy.

Solid solution strengthening and damping capacity of Mg-Ga binary alloys

The mechanical behaviors and damping capacities of the binary Mg−Ga alloys with the Ga content ranging from 1 to 5 wt.%were investigated by means of optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),hardness test,tensile test and dynamic mechanical analyzer(DMA).The hardness(HV_(0.5))increases with the increase of Ga content,which can be described as HV_(0.5)=41.61+10.35c,and the solid solution strengthening effect∆σ_(s)of the alloy has a linear relationship with c^(n),where c is the molar fraction of solute atoms and n=1/2 or 2/3.Ga exhibits a stronger solid solution strengthening effect than Al,Zn or Sn due to the large atomic radius difference and the modulus mismatch between Ga and Mg atoms.The addition of Ga makes the Mg−Ga alloys have better damping capacity,and this phenomenon can be explained by the Granato−Lücke dislocation model.The lattice distortion and the modulus mismatch generated because of the addition of Ga increase the resistance to motion of the dislocation in the process of swinging or moving,and thus the better damping capacity is acquired.