呋虫胺对稻飞虱和二化螟的田间防效

试验以呋虫胺为供试药剂,研究了其对稻飞虱的田间防效,并以呋虫胺为主要成分研制药肥,探讨了其对二化螟的田间防效以及对水稻产量的影响。结果表明,杀虫剂呋虫胺制剂使用量8 g/667m^2即对水稻稻飞虱有较好的防效;呋虫胺药肥施用量24 kg/667m^2即对水稻二化螟具有持续防效,相比于空白对照,可使水稻增产27.5%,与呋虫胺+尿素分别施用相比,有2.1个百分点的显著性增产优势。通过文献可知,当呋虫胺用量小于16 g/667m^2,呋虫胺药肥用量小于48 kg/667m^2,呋虫胺的残留量在安全范围内;呋虫胺对非靶标生物的安全性有影响,使用时需要避开桑蚕区。

水稻有机除草杀虫药肥的施用效果研究

探讨了有机除草杀虫药肥对水稻的施用效果。结果表明:追施有机除草杀虫药肥25 kg/667m^2,药后45 d对稻田稗草、异型莎草、阔叶草等一年生杂草总体株防效和鲜重防效分别为94.8%～96.3%、95.6%～97.7%,药后15 d对二化螟防效为95.8%～96.8%,平均增产率14.9%,平均增加纯收入133.9元/667m^2,经济效益可观,且操作简单、方便,省工省力,值得大力推广。

生物有机肥对水稻产量及重金属含量的影响

研究探讨了多功能高效生物有机肥对水稻的施用效果。结果表明,基施多功能高效生物有机肥50 kg/667m2,能提高土壤p H值0.41~0.58个单位,降低土壤、稻株和稻米重金属含量,其中稻米镉含量降低37.03%~52.00%,铅含量降低17.31%~40.00%,砷含量降低27.27%~50.00%,能达到较好的土壤改良效果;能显著提高水稻产量,增产率7.30%~17.73%,产值增加81.81~263.52元/667m2,经济效益非常可观,值得大力推广。

栝楼有机长效肥施用效果初报

研究了栝楼的需肥状况和土壤的供肥能力,探讨了栝楼专用有机长效肥的施用效果。结果表明,施用栝楼专用肥金井点增产11.3%,增加收益3.6%;安沙点增产17.4%,增加收益9.2%。指出栝楼高产施肥首先是提高有机肥投入,保证良好的土壤结构,其次是保证氮肥、钾肥和硼、钼、锌肥的有效供应。

Study on Organic Long-acting Fertilizer of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. and Preliminary Report on its Application Effect

This paper studied the fertilizer requirement and soil fertility supply capacity of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.,discussed the application effects of organic fertilizer in Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.The results showed that the yield of Trichodanthes kirilowii Maxim.at Jinjing site by applying special organic longacting fertilizer increased by 11.3%and earnings by 3.6%,the yield at Ansha site increased by 17.4%,and earnings by 9.2%.It was pointed out that high-yielding fertilization of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.was achieved by first applying organic fertilizer to ensure good soil structure,and then by ensuring an effective supply of nitrogen,potassium,boron,molybdenum and zinc fertilizers.