反射式共聚焦激光扫描显微镜(in vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy,RCM),是基于光学共聚焦原理的皮肤原位、在体、实时、动态三维计算机断层成像技术。RCM以其独特的优势在皮肤病学方面的应用越来越广泛,是近年来最具前景的无创性...反射式共聚焦激光扫描显微镜(in vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy,RCM),是基于光学共聚焦原理的皮肤原位、在体、实时、动态三维计算机断层成像技术。RCM以其独特的优势在皮肤病学方面的应用越来越广泛,是近年来最具前景的无创性皮肤影像学方法之一。RCM主要应用于皮肤肿瘤、色素性皮肤病、炎症性皮肤病、血管性皮肤病及其他皮肤病的诊断、鉴别诊断及疗效监测。本文综述了RCM的结构及工作原理、特点和优势及其在皮肤科的应用。展开更多
瘙痒是皮肤病最典型和最重要的临床症状之一,也是皮肤病加重或复发的重要诱因之一。瘙痒严重影响患者的身心健康和生活质量,给患者、家庭和社会带来沉重的负担。瘙痒的发生和调控机制复杂,目前尚未阐明。临床研究显示在疥疮、慢性瘙痒...瘙痒是皮肤病最典型和最重要的临床症状之一,也是皮肤病加重或复发的重要诱因之一。瘙痒严重影响患者的身心健康和生活质量,给患者、家庭和社会带来沉重的负担。瘙痒的发生和调控机制复杂,目前尚未阐明。临床研究显示在疥疮、慢性瘙痒、特应性皮炎和银屑病中均存在瘙痒夜间加重的情况,提示皮肤瘙痒可呈昼夜节律性改变。皮质醇、褪黑素、人体核心温度、细胞因子及前列腺素等因素是瘙痒昼夜节律的主要调控因素。一些生物钟基因如BMAL1、CLOCK、PER和CRY等,通过调节Janus激酶(Janus tyrosine kinase,JAK)-信号转导和转录激活因子(signal transducer and activator of transcription,STAT)通路与转录因子蛋白家族核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa-B,NF-κB)等信号通路,在瘙痒的昼夜节律的调节中扮演重要角色。然而生物钟基因对瘙痒昼夜节律调控的具体作用机制尚未完全阐明,进一步研究生物钟基因在瘙痒昼夜节律调控中的作用机制,将为阐明瘙痒的调控机制奠定基础,亦可为控制瘙痒和缓解皮肤病提供新的思路。展开更多
Objective:The causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases has not been previously reported.This study aims to evaluate the causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases.Methods:The two‐sam...Objective:The causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases has not been previously reported.This study aims to evaluate the causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases.Methods:The two‐sample Mendelian randomization(MR)method was used to assess the causal effect of eczema on autoimmune diseases.Summary data from the Genome-Wide Association Study Catalog(GWAS)were obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit(IEU)database.For eczema and autoimmune diseases,genetic instrument variants(GIVs)were identified according to the significant difference(P<5×10−8).Causal effect estimates were generated using the inverse‐variance weighted(IVW)method.MR Egger,maximum likelihood,MR-PRESSO,and MR-RAPS methods were used for alternative analyses.Sensitivity tests,including heterogeneity,horizontal pleiotropy,and leave-one-out analyses,were performed.Finally,reverse causality was assessed.Results:Genetic susceptibility to eczema was associated with an increased risk of Crohn’s disease(OR=1.444,95%CI 1.199 to 1.738,P<0.001)and ulcerative colitis(OR=1.002,95%CI 1.001 to 1.003,P=0.002).However,no causal relationship was found for the other 6 autoimmune diseases,including systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)(OR=0.932,P=0.401),bullous pemphigoid(BP)(OR=1.191,P=0.642),vitiligo(OR=1.000,P=0.327),multiple sclerosis(MS)(OR=1.000,P=0.965),ankylosing spondylitis(AS)(OR=1.001,P=0.121),rheumatoid arthritis(RA)(OR=1.000,P=0.460).Additionally,no reverse causal relationship was found between autoimmune diseases and eczema.Conclusion:Eczema is associated with an increased risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.No causal relationship is found between eczema and SLE,MS,AS,RA,BP,or vitiligo.展开更多
文摘反射式共聚焦激光扫描显微镜(in vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy,RCM),是基于光学共聚焦原理的皮肤原位、在体、实时、动态三维计算机断层成像技术。RCM以其独特的优势在皮肤病学方面的应用越来越广泛,是近年来最具前景的无创性皮肤影像学方法之一。RCM主要应用于皮肤肿瘤、色素性皮肤病、炎症性皮肤病、血管性皮肤病及其他皮肤病的诊断、鉴别诊断及疗效监测。本文综述了RCM的结构及工作原理、特点和优势及其在皮肤科的应用。
文摘瘙痒是皮肤病最典型和最重要的临床症状之一,也是皮肤病加重或复发的重要诱因之一。瘙痒严重影响患者的身心健康和生活质量,给患者、家庭和社会带来沉重的负担。瘙痒的发生和调控机制复杂,目前尚未阐明。临床研究显示在疥疮、慢性瘙痒、特应性皮炎和银屑病中均存在瘙痒夜间加重的情况,提示皮肤瘙痒可呈昼夜节律性改变。皮质醇、褪黑素、人体核心温度、细胞因子及前列腺素等因素是瘙痒昼夜节律的主要调控因素。一些生物钟基因如BMAL1、CLOCK、PER和CRY等,通过调节Janus激酶(Janus tyrosine kinase,JAK)-信号转导和转录激活因子(signal transducer and activator of transcription,STAT)通路与转录因子蛋白家族核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa-B,NF-κB)等信号通路,在瘙痒的昼夜节律的调节中扮演重要角色。然而生物钟基因对瘙痒昼夜节律调控的具体作用机制尚未完全阐明,进一步研究生物钟基因在瘙痒昼夜节律调控中的作用机制,将为阐明瘙痒的调控机制奠定基础,亦可为控制瘙痒和缓解皮肤病提供新的思路。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (82273506,82273508)the Hunan Provincial Health Commission Scientific Research Plan Project (D202304128334),China。
文摘Objective:The causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases has not been previously reported.This study aims to evaluate the causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases.Methods:The two‐sample Mendelian randomization(MR)method was used to assess the causal effect of eczema on autoimmune diseases.Summary data from the Genome-Wide Association Study Catalog(GWAS)were obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit(IEU)database.For eczema and autoimmune diseases,genetic instrument variants(GIVs)were identified according to the significant difference(P<5×10−8).Causal effect estimates were generated using the inverse‐variance weighted(IVW)method.MR Egger,maximum likelihood,MR-PRESSO,and MR-RAPS methods were used for alternative analyses.Sensitivity tests,including heterogeneity,horizontal pleiotropy,and leave-one-out analyses,were performed.Finally,reverse causality was assessed.Results:Genetic susceptibility to eczema was associated with an increased risk of Crohn’s disease(OR=1.444,95%CI 1.199 to 1.738,P<0.001)and ulcerative colitis(OR=1.002,95%CI 1.001 to 1.003,P=0.002).However,no causal relationship was found for the other 6 autoimmune diseases,including systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)(OR=0.932,P=0.401),bullous pemphigoid(BP)(OR=1.191,P=0.642),vitiligo(OR=1.000,P=0.327),multiple sclerosis(MS)(OR=1.000,P=0.965),ankylosing spondylitis(AS)(OR=1.001,P=0.121),rheumatoid arthritis(RA)(OR=1.000,P=0.460).Additionally,no reverse causal relationship was found between autoimmune diseases and eczema.Conclusion:Eczema is associated with an increased risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.No causal relationship is found between eczema and SLE,MS,AS,RA,BP,or vitiligo.
