经皮穴位电刺激对足球高水平大学生BUN、血清T、血清CK-MM的影响

目的:观察经皮穴位电刺激法(TEAS)对足球高水平大学生比赛中血尿素氮(BUN)、血清睾酮(T)、血清肌酸激酶同工酶-MM(CK-MM)的影响。方法:将24名足球高水平大学生按照随机数字表法分对照组、治疗1组和治疗2组,每组8名。治疗1组和治疗2组分别在训练期和比赛前后进行TEAS干预,并在比赛周期的不同阶段检测BUN、血清T、血清CK-MM含量。结果:在正常训练期及干预训练期,3组BUN、血清T、血清CK-MM含量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而在集训期-比赛期-训练恢复期,治疗1组和治疗2组中BUN、血清CK-MM含量与对照组比较均降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),并延缓血清T含量的下降(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:TEAS干预能有效延缓适应性增强负荷运动训练时所产生的运动性疲劳,但对长时间轻负荷运动训练、大负荷运动训练效果不显著;在训练或比赛后进行TEAS干预对运动性疲劳恢复更加有效。

Silkworm Extract Ameliorates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Protects Pancreaticβ-cell Functions in Rats

Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of silkworm extract(SE)on experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)rats.Methods SE was prepared by dissolving freeze-dried silkworm powder in 70%(v/v)aqueous ethanol.T2DM rats were induced by feeding them a high fat diet and an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ).The blood glucose,free fatty acid(FFA),malondialdehyde(MDA),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The quality of SE was controlled by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC;Agilent 1260,Agilent,USA).Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was performed for histological evaluation.Antibody expression was assessed via immunohistochemistry(IHC)staining.Results SE could improve insulin resistance and islet cell function by reducing FFA,MDA and TNF-αlevels and increasing SOD level.In addition,pancreatic HE staining analysis revealed that SE has a protective effect on isletβ-cells.Conclusions The present study indicates that SE has hypoglycemic as well as pancreatic protective effects in T2DM model rats.

Integrated approach of network pharmacology and chemometrics for quality control of Chinese patent medicine:A case study on Huo-Luo-San

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has garnered significant global interest owing to its multi-component and multi-target theoretical framework and extensive therapeutic efficacy.However,the identification of quality markers(Q-markers)remains a formidable challenge in TCM.Hence,this study aimed to integrate network pharmacology and chemometrics to identify Q-markers in Chinese patent medicine,with a focus on Huo-Luo-San(HLS)as a case study.HLS,a widely used powdered Chinese patent medicine in China,comprises a complex formula of 10 herbs,initially formulated during the Qing dynasty for treating fractures.Initially,13 components,chlorogenic acid,typhaneoside,isorhamnetin-3-O-neohesperidoside,cynaroside,notoginsenoside R_1,ginsenoside Rg_1,baicalin,berberine hydrochloride,ginsenoside Rb_1,dehydrocostus lactone,dioscin,imperatorin,and costunolide,were selected as phytochemical markers for each herb based on the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 version),forming the“Herbs-Compounds-targets”network of HLS using network pharmacology.Subsequently,employing network pharmacology,the 13 HLS components were quantified using UPLC-QqQ-MS.Chromatographic conditions were optimized on a Waters Cortecs C_(18)column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.6μm)with a gradient elution comprising 0.1%formic acid in water and acetonitrile.Analyte detection was performed in the multiple-reaction monitoring mode,and the method underwent validation for linearity,detection limit,precision,repeatability,stability,and accuracy.The validated method was then utilized to analyze the 13 components in 15 batches of HLS samples.Chemometric techniques,including hierarchical cluster analysis,principal component analysis,orthogonal partial least squares projection discriminant analysis,and box map analyses,were subsequently employed to identify the Q-markers.Ultimately,six components,baicalin,notoginsenoside R_1,berberine hydrochloride,dioscin,imperatorin,and chlorogenic acid,were selected as Q-markers for HLS.The integration of network pharmacology with chemometrics represented a novel approach for selecting Q-markers in Chinese patent medicine.

Studies on ciliotoxicity of nasal thermosensible gels of Chinese medicine Xingbi

We studied the effects of nasal thermosensible gels containing Chinese medicine Xingbi on Bufo gargarizans maxillary mucosal cilia movement and the ciliotoxicity in rats nasal mucosa. The saline water was used as a blank control, and 1% hydrochloric acid of methamphetamine Massachusetts was used as the negative control. Compared with normal saline control, the relative percentage of the lasting time of ciliary movement treated with Chinese medicine Xingbi was 94.1%. There was no remarkable pathological change in the tissue slice of nasal mucosa, and no stimulation on nasal mucous membrane was observed. So these data suggest that nasal thermosensible gel of Chinese medicine Xingbi is of high safety. It has no damage to the mucosa of toads and rats and can be used for intranasal administration.

Upper limb arthromyodynia can be treated with Notopterygium by down-regulating P2X3 to mediate PKC-induced inflammatory response

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is one of the most common refractory diseases in the world,and traditional Chinese medicine Notopterygium(NE)has been used in the treatment of upper limb pain for a long time.NE can significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory pain target P2X3 receptor in rats with upper-limb arthritis.To verify the relationship between the mechanism of NE for“upper limb paralysis”and the P2X3 receptor-mediated PKC inflammatory response pathway,UPLC was taken to measure the exact medicinal substance of ethyl acetate from NE.Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a blank group,a model group,a live-action group,and a positive group.The joint cavity was removed after 21 d.Moreover,a model group,a live group,and a positive group were also set up with RA-FLS cells in our in vitro study.The expressions of P2X3 and PKC inflammation pathway indicators were detected by Western blotting analysis.A P2X3 inhibitor(A-317491)acted on RA-FLS cells,and a model group and a positive group were set.Then the protein expression of PKC was detected.NE reduced the expressions of P2X3,Rab7,PKC,and NF-κB at the protein level in both systems.NE and P2X3 receptor antagonists reduced the expressions of key proteins in the PKC pathway in RA-FLS cells to similar extents,and their effects were not additive.NE could effectively improve the“forelimb pain”of RA rats,with a mechanism closely related to the P2X3/Rab7/PKC/NF-κB pathway.