结构性行为干预的社会学探索--一项针对娱乐服务业女性风险性行为的研究

结合个人认知过程和社会影响因素的整群随机抽样研究在国内尚属首次尝试,通过对724名娱乐服务业女性的干预和比照发现,以小组为单位、同伴教育员参与的结构性行为干预在降低艾滋病风险性行为的社会影响因素方面是有效的。这对今后在该人群中开展降低艾滋病风险的行为干预有着重要的借鉴意义。此外,结构性行为干预作为一种社会学实践,对于社会学从解释社会现象到改变社会行为的转变也具有深刻的理论意义和应用价值。

商业性性交易者艾滋病认知、态度与行为调查

In China, prevention of sexually transmitted HIV has become the key to the success in controlling the spread of the AIDS epidemic. Using data from sample surveys of the enrollees in two re-education camps in Shanghai, this paper examines the HIV-related knowledge and attitudes and risk factors of unprotected commercial sex among “female sex workers” (FSWs) and their male clients. The descriptive results suggest that FSWs in Shanghai are predominantly rural-urban migrants, characterized by poor education, little knowledge about HIV and its transmission, widespread unprotected commercial sex, and high prevalence of STDs. Multivariate logistic regression analyses suggest that for both FSWs and their male clients, lack of self-efficacy in condom use is the common and most significant independent predictor of unprotected commercial sex. Being married, belief in incorrect prevention practices, and lack of relationship power in commercial sex are the additional independent risk factors of unprotected commercial sex among FSWs, whereas poor education and not knowing the protective function of consistent condom use are the additional risk factors for male clients. The results challenge sociology in theory building and empirical study of commercial sex and call for attention to the importance of context-specific factors and social underpinnings of unprotected commercial sex and disease transmission. The findings provide both theoretical guidance and empirical evidence for designing culture and population sensitive AIDS behavioral intervention.

毒品转向的文化透视

在社会学实证研究基础上,我们发现了当代新型毒品逐步取代传统毒品的转向现象,发现毒品转向背后潜在的、复杂的文化动因正在成为当代社会新型毒品泛滥的深层社会原因。而长期以来,整个社会对文化内涵中享受性一面的模糊认识和错位宣传,无形中为新型毒品的泛滥起了推波助澜的作用。因此,认识并倡导文化内涵中的创造性,并将普遍存在的文化创造性提升为以人为本的理想和信仰,将有利于遏制新型毒品泛滥,促进社会健康发展。