AISI-5140三通阀多向加载成形开裂预测

三通阀体多向加载成形是一个多参数作用,多工步、多模具约束的高温变形过程,材料受力状态和流动行为复杂,变形不均匀性严重,易于产生开裂等缺陷。文章首先研究并确定了,适用于AISI-5140三通阀多向加载成形过程中的开裂预测准则为Cockcroft-Latham准则,计算出AISI-5140材料的临界损伤值为0.881;随后以材料损伤峰值为指标,采用正交试验设计与有限元模拟相结合,对发生开裂的趋势和区域进行了分析和预测。结果表明,成形末期三通阀肩部圆角偏上区域材料的损伤值达到峰值,易于发生开裂;成形过程中的开裂趋势随着凹模圆角减小和摩擦增大而增大;加载速度越大,发生开裂的趋势越小,该文条件下,当加载速度低于15mm/s时,易发生开裂。对于给定坯料成形内径不同的三通阀,损伤峰值随着三通阀内径的增大而增大,即开裂趋势增大;对于内外径比相同的三通阀,成形过程中的损伤峰值随着其外径的增大而降低,即开裂趋势减小。

基于关系数据库的数控弯管成形有限元仿真管理系统研究与开发

采用计算机建模仿真与理论及实验研究有机结合的方法,对复杂的数控弯管成形过程进行研究是一种可行和可靠的手段。数控弯管仿真及实验过程涉及大量数据、模型和结果,为对这些信息进行存储和管理,以及将研究中积累的宝贵知识进行共享和重用,从而提高数控弯管成形过程有限元仿真和实际生产的效率和精度,文章基于关系数据库技术,研究开发了数控弯管成形有限元仿真管理系统。结果表明,该系统不仅能指导研究工作者进行高效精确的数控弯管数值模拟研究,而且能全程指导实验研究及实际生产,并且能迅速有效地将专家建议提供给操作人员。

Significance-based optimization of processing parameters for thin-walled aluminum alloy tube NC bending with small bending radius

Thin-walled aluminum alloy tube numerical control （NC） bending with small bending radius is a complex process with multi-factor coupling effects and multi-die constraints. A significance-based optimization method of the parameters was proposed based on the finite element （FE） simulation, and the significance analysis of the processing parameters on the forming quality in terms of the maximum wall thinning ratio and the maximum cross section distortion degree was implemented using the fractional factorial design. The optimum value of the significant parameter, the clearance between the tube and the wiper die, was obtained, and the values of the other parameters, including the friction coefficients and the clearances between the tube and the dies, the mandrel extension length and the boost velocity were estimated. The results are applied to aluminum alloy tube NC bending d50 mm×1 mm×75 mm and d70 mm×1.5 mm×105 mm （initial tube outside diameter D0 × initial tube wall thickness t0 × bending radius R）, and qualified tubes are produced.

Morphology transformation of primary strip α phase in hot working of two-phase titanium alloy

Microstructural development in hot working of TA15titanium alloy with primary stripαstructure was investigated withthe aim to globularizeαstrips.Results show that the mechanisms of morphology transformation are the same to the spheroidizationmechanisms of lamellar structure.Boundary splitting and termination migration are more important than coarsening due to the largesize of stripα.Theαstrips are stable in annealing due to the unfavorable geometrical orientation of intra-αboundaries,the largethickness of strip and the geometrical stability ofαparticles.Predeformation and low speed deformation accelerate globularization ofαstrips in the following ways:direct changing of particle shape,promotion of boundary splitting and termination migration byincreasing high angle grain boundaries and interfacial area,promotion of coarsening by forming dislocation structures.Largepredeformation combined with high temperature annealing is a feasible way to globularize stripα.

Prediction of tri-modal microstructure under complex thermomechanical processing history in isothermal local loading forming of titanium alloy

To control the tri-modal microstructure and performance,a prediction model of tri-modal microstructure in the isothermal local loading forming of titanium alloy was developed.The staged isothermal local loading experiment on TA15alloy indicates that there exist four important microstructure evolution phenomena in the development of tri-modal microstructure,i.e.,the generation of lamellarα,content variation of equiaxedα,spatial orientation change of lamellarαand globularization of lamellarα.Considering the laws of these microstructure phenomena,the microstructure model was established to correlate the parameters of tri-modal microstructure and processing conditions.Then,the developed microstructure model was integrated with finite element(FE)model to predict the tri-modal microstructure in the isothermal local loading forming.Its reliability and accuracy were verified by the microstructure observation at different locations of sample.Good agreements between the predicted and experimental results suggest that the developed microstructure model and its combination with FE model are effective in the prediction of tri-modal microstructure in the isothermal local loading forming of TA15alloy.

Deformation banding in β working of two-phase TA15 titanium alloy

To study deformation banding inβworking of TA15titanium alloy,hot simulation compression experiments were carried out on a Gleeble3500thermal simulator,and the microstructure was investigated by optical microscopy(OM)and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD).It is found that inβworking of TA15titanium alloy,deformation banding is still an important grain refinement mechanism up to temperature as high as0.7Tm(Tm is the melting temperature).Boundaries of deformation bands(DBBs)may be sharp or diffusive.Sharp DBBs retard discontinuous dynamic recrystallization(DDRX)by prohibiting nucleation,while the diffusive ones are sources of continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX).Deformation banding is more significant at high strain rate and large initial grain size.The average width of grain subdivisions is sensitive to strain rate but less affected by temperature and initial grain size.Multi-directional forging which produces crossing DDBs is potential to refine microstructure of small-size forgings.

Sol-gel auto-combustion synthesis of K_xNa_(1-x)NbO_3 nanopowders and ceramics: Dielectric and piezoelectric properties

The KxNa1-xNbO3 nanopowders with cubic-like morphology and an average size of about 50 nm were synthesized by sol-gel auto-combustion method.And then,the ceramics were prepared and the phase transition,microstructure and electrical properties of the KxNa1-xNbO3 ceramics were investigated.Pure perovskite phases of the KxNa1-xNbO3 ceramics were confirmed by XRD patterns and the K0.50Na0.50NbO3 ceramics show the coexistence of orthorhombic and monoclinic structures.SEM micrographs show that all samples have bimodal grain size distributions and the number of the small grains decrease with increasing K+content in the bimodal grain size distribution system.The K0.50Na0.50NbO3 ceramics with the uniform grain size and the maximum density show excellent electrical properties withεr=467.40,tanδ=0.020,d33=128 pC/N and kp=0.32 at the room temperature,demonstrating that the properties of the K0.50Na0.50NbO3 powers prepared by sol-gel auto-combustion are excellent and the ceramics are promising lead-free piezoelectric materials.

Phase transformation behavior of Al_9(Mn,Ni)_2 eutectic phase during heat treatment at 600°C in Al-4Ni-2Mn alloy

The morphology evolution and phase transformation of Al9(Mn,Ni)2 eutectic phase in an Al-4Ni-2Mn alloy during heat treatment at 600°C were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Results show that nearly all of the eutectic fibers change into prolate ellipsoid and spherical particles in the process of heat treatment,and Ostwald ripening phenomenon occurs in the eutectic region with the increase of the heat treatment time.Besides,a phase transformation from Al9(Mn,Ni)2 to O-phase is confirmed.The morphologies of the transformed particles indicate that the O-phase preferentially nucleates on the specific crystal plane of the Al9(Mn,Ni)2 eutectic phase and grows in a certain direction.During the phase transformation,the(010)[001]slip system in O-phase is activated,and the resultant slip traces appear on the surface of some O-phase particles.

Single crystal metal-organic framework constructed by vertically self-pillared nanosheets and its derivative for oriented lithium plating

This vertically self‐pillared(VSP)structure extends the application range of traditional porous materials with facile mass/ion transport and enhanced reaction kinetics.Here,we prepare a single crystal metal‐organic framework(MOF),employing the ZIF‐67 structure as a proof of concept,which is constructed by vertically self‐pillared nanosheets(VSP‐MOF).We further converted VSP‐MOF into VSP‐cobalt sulfide(VSP‐CoS2)through a sulfidation process.Catalysis plays an important role in almost all battery technologies;for metallic batteries,lithium anodes exhibit a high theoretical specific capacity,low density,and low redox potential.However,during the half‐cell reaction(Li++e=Li),uncontrolled dendritic Li penetrates the separator and solid electrolyte interphase layer.When employed as a composite scaffold for lithium metal deposition,there are many advantage to using this framework:1)the VSP‐CoS2 substrate provides a high specific surface area to dissipate the ion flux and mass transfer and acts as a pre‐catalyst,2)the catalytic Co center favors the charge transfer process and preferentially binds the Li+with the enhanced electrical fields,and 3)the VSP structure guides the metallic propagation along the nanosheet 2D orientation without the protrusive dendrites.All these features enable the VSP structure in metallic batteries with encouraging performances.

蔗糖调控下采用冰冻铸造法制备多孔陶瓷的微观组织与力学性能

基于冰冻铸造法,采用自主设计的定向凝固装置制备了孔隙率为66.79%的多孔Al2O3陶瓷,探究了不同蔗糖含量对多孔陶瓷微观组织形态的调控规律,发现蔗糖能将小面生长的冰晶改变成非小面生长,从而将层状多孔结构改变为蜂窝状结构,基于这一微观组织的改变和SEM表征,探究了蔗糖含量对多孔陶瓷力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：随着蔗糖含量的增加,多孔陶瓷的微观组织逐渐由层片状向蜂窝状转变,试样的抗压强度呈先升高后降低的趋势,蔗糖浓度由0%（质量分数）增加到1%时,抗压强度由18.90 MPa提高到22.24 MPa,并在蔗糖为含量时达到最大,为25.87 MPa,继续增大蔗糖浓度,抗压强度在蔗糖含量为7.5%和10.0%时分别下降到22.42和21.32 MPa。力学性能变化的原因在于：随着蔗糖含量的增加（0~5%）,层状多孔结构中陶瓷桥的数量增加,使其抗压强度升高;试样中,蜂窝状多孔区和层片状多孔区存在区域边界,边界能有效地限制裂纹在不同区域的扩展。