A series of WO3 samples with different crystalline phases were prepared by the thermal decomposition method from ammonium tungstate hydrate.X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,high-resolution ...A series of WO3 samples with different crystalline phases were prepared by the thermal decomposition method from ammonium tungstate hydrate.X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy（HRTEM）,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and N2 adsorption-desorption were used to characterize the crystalline phase,morphology,particle size,chemical composition,and surface area of the WO3 samples.The formation of hexagonal（h-WO3） and monoclinic（m-WO3） crystal structures of WO3 at different temperatures or different times was confirmed by XRD.m-WO3 is formed at 600 ℃,while m-WO3 starts to transform into h-WO3 at 800℃.However,h-WO3,which forms at 800℃,may transform into m-WO3 by increasing the calcination temperature to 1000℃.SEM results indicate that m-WO3 particles exhibit a bulky shape with heavy aggregates,while h-WO3 particles exhibit a rod-like shape.Moreover,m-WO3 crystals are sporadically patched on the surface of the h-WO3 rod-like particles,resulting in the exposure of both m-WO3 and h-WO3 on the surface.It is observed that the monoclinic phase（m-WO3）/hexagonal phase（h-WO3） junction was fabricated by tuning the calcination temperature and calcination time.The relative ratios between m-WO3 and h-WO3 in the phase junction can readily be tailored by control of the calcination time.The photocatalytic activities of WO3 with different crystalline phases were evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B as a model pollutant.A higher photocatalytic activity was observed in the WO3 sample with the m-WO3/h-WO3junction as compared with the sample with only m-WO3.The improvement of photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the reduction of the electron-hole recombination rate owing to the formation of the phase junction,whose presence has been confirmed by HRTEM and photoluminescence spectra.展开更多
以磷钨酸和氮化碳为原料,合成磷钨酸功能化的氮化碳(g-C3N4/HPW),并采用XRD、SEM、FT-IR对其结构进行表征。以g-C3N4/HPW为催化剂,过氧化氢作为氧化剂,咪唑氟硼酸盐为萃取剂氧化萃取一体法脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(DBT)。考察了反应温...以磷钨酸和氮化碳为原料,合成磷钨酸功能化的氮化碳(g-C3N4/HPW),并采用XRD、SEM、FT-IR对其结构进行表征。以g-C3N4/HPW为催化剂,过氧化氢作为氧化剂,咪唑氟硼酸盐为萃取剂氧化萃取一体法脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(DBT)。考察了反应温度、催化剂加入量、双氧水加入量、萃取剂加入量、硫化物类型等因素对脱硫效果的影响。结果表明,在模拟油为5 m L,g-C3N4/HPW为0.02 g,H2O2加入量为1.0 m L,[HMIM]BF4为1.5 m L,反应温度70℃,反应120 min的条件下,DBT的转化率可达到93%。反应体系循环使用4次催化剂的活性没有明显的降低。展开更多
用混合煅烧法制备了CuWO_4/C复合物,并采用XRD、SEM、和BET等技术对其结构进行表征。以CuWO_4/C复合物为催化剂、过氧化氢为氧化剂、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸乙酯盐离子液体为萃取剂氧化脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(DBT)。考察了反应温度、...用混合煅烧法制备了CuWO_4/C复合物,并采用XRD、SEM、和BET等技术对其结构进行表征。以CuWO_4/C复合物为催化剂、过氧化氢为氧化剂、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸乙酯盐离子液体为萃取剂氧化脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(DBT)。考察了反应温度、双氧水加入量、萃取剂加入量等因素对脱硫效果的影响。结果表明,在相同的实验条件下,相比于CuWO_4,CuWO_4/C复合物具有更高的脱硫率。在模拟油为5.0 m L、催化剂加入量为0.02 g、H_2O_2加入量0.2 m L、萃取剂加入量1.0 m L、反应温度70℃、反应时间180 min的最佳实验条件下,DBT转化率可达到98.2%,催化剂循环使用四次活性没有明显降低。展开更多
采用水热法合成了具有很好催化性能的Bi_2MoO_6催化剂,并利用XRD、FT-IR、SEM和EDS等分析技术对其结构和形貌进行表征。以Bi_2MoO_6为催化剂,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑盐酸盐([BMIM]Cl)离子液体为萃取剂,H_2O_2为氧化剂氧化脱除模拟油中的二苯...采用水热法合成了具有很好催化性能的Bi_2MoO_6催化剂,并利用XRD、FT-IR、SEM和EDS等分析技术对其结构和形貌进行表征。以Bi_2MoO_6为催化剂,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑盐酸盐([BMIM]Cl)离子液体为萃取剂,H_2O_2为氧化剂氧化脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(BDT)。考察了反应温度,氧化剂、离子液体和催化剂使用量,不同种类的含硫化合物以及催化剂稳定性等因素对脱硫效果的影响。在V(oil)=5 m L,V(H_2O_2)=0.2 m L,V([BMIM]Cl)=1.0 m L,m(Bi_2MoO_6)=0.02 g,T=60℃的最佳操作条件下,模拟油中的DBT的脱除率可达到94.58%。催化剂重复使用5次活性无明显下降。同时,详细地研究了该催化氧化反应的反应机理。展开更多
通过直接沉淀法制备钨酸锰,采用高温煅烧和双氧水活化的钨酸锰为催化剂,过氧化氢为氧化剂,咪唑氟硼酸盐离子液体为萃取剂,氧化脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(DBT)。研究了反应时间、反应温度、催化剂的加入量、氧化剂用量、萃取剂类型、硫...通过直接沉淀法制备钨酸锰,采用高温煅烧和双氧水活化的钨酸锰为催化剂,过氧化氢为氧化剂,咪唑氟硼酸盐离子液体为萃取剂,氧化脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(DBT)。研究了反应时间、反应温度、催化剂的加入量、氧化剂用量、萃取剂类型、硫化物类型等因素对催化氧化脱硫的影响,同时考察催化剂/萃取剂脱硫体系循环使用性能。结果表明,最优工艺条件为:反应温度为50℃,H2O2加入量为0.3 m L,催化剂为0.03 g,以咪唑氟硼酸盐为萃取剂,反应时间为60 min时,二苯并噻吩的脱除率可达90%。催化剂/离子液体回收重复使用5次,催化活性无明显下降。展开更多
在100℃下,将草酸与氯化胆碱按照等物质的量混合搅拌制备氯化胆碱/草酸低共熔溶剂(Ch Cl/H_2C_2O_4)。采用红外光谱(IR),热重(TGA)和氢谱(1HNMR)对其结构分别进行了相关表征分析。以Ch Cl/H_2C_2O_4低共熔溶剂作为萃取剂和催化剂,过氧...在100℃下,将草酸与氯化胆碱按照等物质的量混合搅拌制备氯化胆碱/草酸低共熔溶剂(Ch Cl/H_2C_2O_4)。采用红外光谱(IR),热重(TGA)和氢谱(1HNMR)对其结构分别进行了相关表征分析。以Ch Cl/H_2C_2O_4低共熔溶剂作为萃取剂和催化剂,过氧化氢为氧化剂氧化脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩。分别考察了反应温度、过氧化氢用量以及不同含硫化合物对脱硫率的影响。实验表明最优反应条件为5 m L模拟油,1 m L的Ch Cl/H_2C_2O_4低共熔溶剂,0.3 m L的过氧化氢,反应温度为40℃,在160 min的最佳反应条件下DBT的脱除率高达93.4%。结果表明其表观活化能较低。在5次循环反应以后,其脱硫效果略有降低,表明该低共熔溶剂的催化脱硫活性和稳定性较高。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21573101)the Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2014020107)+2 种基金the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University (LJQ2014041)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry ([2013]1792)the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, TIPC, CAS,the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, DICP, CAS (N-09-06)~~
文摘A series of WO3 samples with different crystalline phases were prepared by the thermal decomposition method from ammonium tungstate hydrate.X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy（HRTEM）,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and N2 adsorption-desorption were used to characterize the crystalline phase,morphology,particle size,chemical composition,and surface area of the WO3 samples.The formation of hexagonal（h-WO3） and monoclinic（m-WO3） crystal structures of WO3 at different temperatures or different times was confirmed by XRD.m-WO3 is formed at 600 ℃,while m-WO3 starts to transform into h-WO3 at 800℃.However,h-WO3,which forms at 800℃,may transform into m-WO3 by increasing the calcination temperature to 1000℃.SEM results indicate that m-WO3 particles exhibit a bulky shape with heavy aggregates,while h-WO3 particles exhibit a rod-like shape.Moreover,m-WO3 crystals are sporadically patched on the surface of the h-WO3 rod-like particles,resulting in the exposure of both m-WO3 and h-WO3 on the surface.It is observed that the monoclinic phase（m-WO3）/hexagonal phase（h-WO3） junction was fabricated by tuning the calcination temperature and calcination time.The relative ratios between m-WO3 and h-WO3 in the phase junction can readily be tailored by control of the calcination time.The photocatalytic activities of WO3 with different crystalline phases were evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B as a model pollutant.A higher photocatalytic activity was observed in the WO3 sample with the m-WO3/h-WO3junction as compared with the sample with only m-WO3.The improvement of photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the reduction of the electron-hole recombination rate owing to the formation of the phase junction,whose presence has been confirmed by HRTEM and photoluminescence spectra.
文摘以磷钨酸和氮化碳为原料,合成磷钨酸功能化的氮化碳(g-C3N4/HPW),并采用XRD、SEM、FT-IR对其结构进行表征。以g-C3N4/HPW为催化剂,过氧化氢作为氧化剂,咪唑氟硼酸盐为萃取剂氧化萃取一体法脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(DBT)。考察了反应温度、催化剂加入量、双氧水加入量、萃取剂加入量、硫化物类型等因素对脱硫效果的影响。结果表明,在模拟油为5 m L,g-C3N4/HPW为0.02 g,H2O2加入量为1.0 m L,[HMIM]BF4为1.5 m L,反应温度70℃,反应120 min的条件下,DBT的转化率可达到93%。反应体系循环使用4次催化剂的活性没有明显的降低。
文摘用混合煅烧法制备了CuWO_4/C复合物,并采用XRD、SEM、和BET等技术对其结构进行表征。以CuWO_4/C复合物为催化剂、过氧化氢为氧化剂、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸乙酯盐离子液体为萃取剂氧化脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(DBT)。考察了反应温度、双氧水加入量、萃取剂加入量等因素对脱硫效果的影响。结果表明,在相同的实验条件下,相比于CuWO_4,CuWO_4/C复合物具有更高的脱硫率。在模拟油为5.0 m L、催化剂加入量为0.02 g、H_2O_2加入量0.2 m L、萃取剂加入量1.0 m L、反应温度70℃、反应时间180 min的最佳实验条件下,DBT转化率可达到98.2%,催化剂循环使用四次活性没有明显降低。
文摘采用水热法合成了具有很好催化性能的Bi_2MoO_6催化剂,并利用XRD、FT-IR、SEM和EDS等分析技术对其结构和形貌进行表征。以Bi_2MoO_6为催化剂,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑盐酸盐([BMIM]Cl)离子液体为萃取剂,H_2O_2为氧化剂氧化脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(BDT)。考察了反应温度,氧化剂、离子液体和催化剂使用量,不同种类的含硫化合物以及催化剂稳定性等因素对脱硫效果的影响。在V(oil)=5 m L,V(H_2O_2)=0.2 m L,V([BMIM]Cl)=1.0 m L,m(Bi_2MoO_6)=0.02 g,T=60℃的最佳操作条件下,模拟油中的DBT的脱除率可达到94.58%。催化剂重复使用5次活性无明显下降。同时,详细地研究了该催化氧化反应的反应机理。
文摘通过直接沉淀法制备钨酸锰,采用高温煅烧和双氧水活化的钨酸锰为催化剂,过氧化氢为氧化剂,咪唑氟硼酸盐离子液体为萃取剂,氧化脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(DBT)。研究了反应时间、反应温度、催化剂的加入量、氧化剂用量、萃取剂类型、硫化物类型等因素对催化氧化脱硫的影响,同时考察催化剂/萃取剂脱硫体系循环使用性能。结果表明,最优工艺条件为:反应温度为50℃,H2O2加入量为0.3 m L,催化剂为0.03 g,以咪唑氟硼酸盐为萃取剂,反应时间为60 min时,二苯并噻吩的脱除率可达90%。催化剂/离子液体回收重复使用5次,催化活性无明显下降。
文摘在100℃下,将草酸与氯化胆碱按照等物质的量混合搅拌制备氯化胆碱/草酸低共熔溶剂(Ch Cl/H_2C_2O_4)。采用红外光谱(IR),热重(TGA)和氢谱(1HNMR)对其结构分别进行了相关表征分析。以Ch Cl/H_2C_2O_4低共熔溶剂作为萃取剂和催化剂,过氧化氢为氧化剂氧化脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩。分别考察了反应温度、过氧化氢用量以及不同含硫化合物对脱硫率的影响。实验表明最优反应条件为5 m L模拟油,1 m L的Ch Cl/H_2C_2O_4低共熔溶剂,0.3 m L的过氧化氢,反应温度为40℃,在160 min的最佳反应条件下DBT的脱除率高达93.4%。结果表明其表观活化能较低。在5次循环反应以后,其脱硫效果略有降低,表明该低共熔溶剂的催化脱硫活性和稳定性较高。
