随着观测技术的发展,生态学研究尺度不断扩大。生态系统观测从小规模合作、短时间个人观测向大规模、长时间、跨学科、多因子联合观测转变。传感器技术的革新带来了生态观测在时空尺度的扩展与精确度上的提升,致使生态学观测数据的容量...随着观测技术的发展,生态学研究尺度不断扩大。生态系统观测从小规模合作、短时间个人观测向大规模、长时间、跨学科、多因子联合观测转变。传感器技术的革新带来了生态观测在时空尺度的扩展与精确度上的提升,致使生态学观测数据的容量、产生速度与数据种类飞速增长。对生态系统数据获取、存储与管理的传统方法无疑不再能满足现代生态学研究的要求。因此,我们建议以大数据时代的数据存储、管理与处理技术为基础,整合生态物联观测网络(Internet of Ecology)、公民科学观测网络以及基于标准化数据管理的研究者网络互联,建立整合生态系统观测平台来应对这一困境。为生态学研究者打造一站式生态观测服务,是大数据时代下生态系统观测的大势所趋。展开更多
Variable and unpredictable food resources at stopover sites bring severe challenges to migrating shorebirds. Opportunistic foraging strategies, referring to shorebirds consuming prey in proportion to their availabilit...Variable and unpredictable food resources at stopover sites bring severe challenges to migrating shorebirds. Opportunistic foraging strategies, referring to shorebirds consuming prey in proportion to their availability, allow shorebirds to replenish fuel and nutrient reserves efficiently for continuing their migration. Chongming Dongtan, located in the Yangtze River estuary of eastern China, is the first major stopover site of shorebirds on the Chinese mainland during their northward migration. We investigated the diet of Great Knots (Calidris tenuirostris) at Chongming Dongtan during the spring stopovers of 2009 and 2010 through benthos sampling and dropping analysis. The benthos samples were categorized into gastropods, bivalves, polychaetes, crustaceans and insect larvae. Dropping analysis indicated that gastropods and bivalves constituted more than 70% of the diet of the Great Knot, with Assiminea violacea and Corbicula fluminea being the most frequently consumed. Chi-square tests indicated that for each prey category, there was no significant difference between the frequency of its occurrence in the benthos samples and dropping samples during the early stopover periods of 2009 and 2010 and during the late stopover periods of 2010. Although there was a statistically significant difference between the frequency of occurrence of prey in the total macrobenthos and in the droppings of the Great Knots during the late stopover period in 2009, the more abundant prey were more frequently consumed by the Great Knots. This suggests that Great Knots adopted an opportunistic foraging strategy during their stopover at Chongming Dongtan.展开更多
文摘随着观测技术的发展,生态学研究尺度不断扩大。生态系统观测从小规模合作、短时间个人观测向大规模、长时间、跨学科、多因子联合观测转变。传感器技术的革新带来了生态观测在时空尺度的扩展与精确度上的提升,致使生态学观测数据的容量、产生速度与数据种类飞速增长。对生态系统数据获取、存储与管理的传统方法无疑不再能满足现代生态学研究的要求。因此,我们建议以大数据时代的数据存储、管理与处理技术为基础,整合生态物联观测网络(Internet of Ecology)、公民科学观测网络以及基于标准化数据管理的研究者网络互联,建立整合生态系统观测平台来应对这一困境。为生态学研究者打造一站式生态观测服务,是大数据时代下生态系统观测的大势所趋。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30670269,31071939)
文摘Variable and unpredictable food resources at stopover sites bring severe challenges to migrating shorebirds. Opportunistic foraging strategies, referring to shorebirds consuming prey in proportion to their availability, allow shorebirds to replenish fuel and nutrient reserves efficiently for continuing their migration. Chongming Dongtan, located in the Yangtze River estuary of eastern China, is the first major stopover site of shorebirds on the Chinese mainland during their northward migration. We investigated the diet of Great Knots (Calidris tenuirostris) at Chongming Dongtan during the spring stopovers of 2009 and 2010 through benthos sampling and dropping analysis. The benthos samples were categorized into gastropods, bivalves, polychaetes, crustaceans and insect larvae. Dropping analysis indicated that gastropods and bivalves constituted more than 70% of the diet of the Great Knot, with Assiminea violacea and Corbicula fluminea being the most frequently consumed. Chi-square tests indicated that for each prey category, there was no significant difference between the frequency of its occurrence in the benthos samples and dropping samples during the early stopover periods of 2009 and 2010 and during the late stopover periods of 2010. Although there was a statistically significant difference between the frequency of occurrence of prey in the total macrobenthos and in the droppings of the Great Knots during the late stopover period in 2009, the more abundant prey were more frequently consumed by the Great Knots. This suggests that Great Knots adopted an opportunistic foraging strategy during their stopover at Chongming Dongtan.
