脾的中西医学比较研究

从解剖形态、生理病理、病证学角度对中医脾与西医胃肠道、胰腺、脾脏进行比较。认为:中医脾的形态学基础是脾脏和胰腺,其最初的某些生理病理的认识不同程度源自解剖实体。然而,受中医学特殊的哲学观、方法论等因素影响,其后的发展使其逐渐演变成解剖属性、非解剖属性兼具的“混合体”。实体脏器———胃肠道的部分功能被纳入脾功能的范畴,使脾的功能实体进一步扩大;与此同时,脾脏本身在中医藏象理论构筑中的作用被进一步弱化,而脾的功能似乎更多通过消化系统(主要指胃肠道及胰腺)得以体现。通过比较研究,提出中医之脾是“以现代医学中的胃肠道、胰腺的生理功能为基础,是神经—内分泌—免疫网络中的一个重要环节”的假说。

香港中医急症学的教学改革

中医药在香港有悠久的历史,在19世纪末和20世纪初,中医药是香港最主要的医疗手段,现广华医院的前身就是1911年10月成立的以中医中药为主的医疗机构。香港中医教育在1997年香港回归以前,其形式大致分为3类：①祖传或师徒方式传授;②民间团体或业界营办中医学院;

“视物变形” 是怎么回事?

32岁的审计师王小姐熬了几个通宵终于完成了手头项目,突然发现自己左眼看东西出现了变形扭曲并且变暗的情况。王小姐认为自己用眼过度出现“幻觉”,休息几天就会好的。可是过了几天,左眼还是老样子。于是,王小姐来到医院眼科就诊,“我还以为是眼镜片子脏了,也把它摘下来清洗过了,可是看东西还是变形变暗。”王小姐焦急地述说着。检查结果显示,王小姐左眼黄垃出血。

基于肿瘤特征的抗肿瘤中药药理学机制探析

目的:基于肿瘤特征的抗肿瘤中药药理机制研究进展和有关研究标准化的问题。方法:检索PubMed,CNKI,重庆维普,百链云图书馆、读秀学术搜索网上数据库,针对肿瘤特征,将抗肿瘤中药药理学机制研究进行归纳总结。结果:基于肿瘤特征的抗肿瘤中药药理学机制研究可分为11大类:抗增殖信号维持、抗生长抑制逃避、增强免疫、抗无限复制、抗癌性促炎反应、抗侵袭转移、抗血管生成、抗基因组不稳定与突变、抗细胞死亡抵抗、抗细胞能量代谢失衡、抗肿瘤干细胞。结论与展望:基于肿瘤特征的抗肿瘤中药药理学机制分类方法有利于中药抗肿瘤的标准化研究,值得推广。并随着对肿瘤特征研究的深入,中药针对这些特征的研究必将随之发展。

三焦概念探析

三焦是中医学藏象理论的重要概念。笔者认为,以《内经》为依归,重新探讨三焦的内涵,理清三焦与其他脏腑的关系,对三焦病证再行认识,可使三焦理论更好指导实践,有重要的临床意义。

Artificial intelligence meets traditional Chinese medicine: a bridge to opening the magic box of sphygmopalpation for pulse pattern recognition

Artificial intelligence(AI) aims to mimic human cognitive functions and execute intellectual activities like that performed by humans dealing with an uncertain environment. The rapid development of AI technology provides powerful tools to analyze massive amounts of data, facilitating physicians to make better clinical decisions or even replace human judgment in healthcare.Advanced AI technology also creates novel opportunities for exploring the scientific basis of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and developing the standardization and digitization of TCM pulse diagnostic methodology. In the present study, we review and discuss the potential application of AI technology in TCM pulse diagnosis. The major contents include the following aspects:(1) a brief introduction of the general concepts and knowledge of TCM pulse diagnosis or palpation,(2) landmark developments in AI technology and the applications of common AI deep learning algorithms in medical practice,(3) the current progress of AI technology in TCM pulse diagnosis,(4) challenges and perspectives of AI technology in TCM pulse diagnosis. In conclusion, the pairing of TCM with modern AI technology will bring novel insights into understanding the scientific principles underlying TCM pulse diagnosis and creating opportunities for the development of AI deep learning technology for the standardization and digitalization of TCM pulse diagnosis.

Artificial intelligence and its application for cardiovascular diseases in Chinese medicine

Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are major disease burdens with high mortality worldwide.Early prediction of cardiovascular events can reduce the incidence of acute myocardial infarction and decrease the mortality rates of patients with CVDs.The pathological mechanisms and multiple factors involved in CVDs are complex;thus,traditional data analysis is insufficient and inefficient to manage multidimensional data for the risk prediction of CVDs and heart attacks,medical image interpretations,therapeutic decision-making,and disease prognosis prediction.Meanwhile,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been widely used for treating CVDs.TCM offers unique theoretical and practical applications in the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.Big data have been generated to investigate the scientific basis of TCM diagnostic methods.TCM formulae contain multiple herbal items.Elucidating the complicated interactions between the active compounds and network modulations requires advanced data-analysis capability.Recent progress in artificial intelligence(AI)technology has allowed these challenges to be resolved,which significantly facilitates the development of integrative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for CVDs and the understanding of the therapeutic principles of TCM formulae.Herein,we briefly introduce the basic concept and current progress of AI and machine learning(ML)technology,and summarize the applications of advanced AI and ML for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.Furthermore,we review the progress of AI and ML technology for investigating the scientific basis of TCM diagnosis and treatment for CVDs.We expect the application of AI and ML technology to promote synergy between western medicine and TCM,which can then boost the development of integrative medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.

平脉辨证治疗寒厥1例

脉诊为中医临床诊断中的重要一环。该病例以平脉辨证为方法,脉诊作为主线,结合患者主诉及症状,把握疾病病机,进而遣方用药,取得良好疗效。

电针“足三里”治疗化疗所致周围神经痛的效应机制研究

目的：观察电针＂足三里＂对紫杉醇诱导的化疗机械痛小鼠痛阈的影响及持续时间,探讨其镇痛机制。方法：将健康雄性C 57BL/6J小鼠64只随机分为4组,即空白＋假电针组、空白＋电针组、紫杉醇＋假电针组、紫杉醇＋电针组,每组16只。紫杉醇＋假电针组、紫杉醇＋电针组在第1、3、5、7d腹腔注射紫杉醇制备化疗痛模型。4组小鼠于第9、11、13、16、18、20、23、25、27、30d行假电针或电针治疗,取双侧＂足三里＂,针刺后,电针组施予一定的电流刺激（2Hz/100Hz,1~1.5mA,30min）,假电针组只有针刺激而无电流输入。于造模前,造模后即第8、14、21、28天采用VonFrey法检测小鼠机械痛阈;第31d,每组取8只小鼠心脏快速采血取血清,用ELISA法检测促炎细胞因子中的肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白介素-1α（IL-1α）、白介素-1β（IL-1β）含量;每组余下的8只继续用VonFrey法每周检测1次机械痛阈,即在第35、42、49d检测4组小鼠的机械痛阈直至两个紫杉醇组机械痛阈无明显差异。结果：造模前各组小鼠痛阈值差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,造模后（第8d）两个紫杉醇组痛阈值低于两个空白组（均P〈0.05）。电针干预后,紫杉醇＋电针组机械痛阈值在各时间点均比紫杉醇＋假电针组高,第14、21、28d差异有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）,且镇痛效应持续至第49d。紫杉醇＋电针组血液中促炎细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1α、IL-1β水平比紫杉醇＋假电针组有不同程度的降低,其中IL-1α比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：电针能有效抑制紫杉醇诱导的化疗所致周围神经痛,其镇痛机制可能与降低血液促炎细胞因子有关。