The Callovian-Oxfordian carbonate reservoirs are the most important hydrocarbon reservoir in the Samandepe gas field,Amu Darya basin,Turkmenistan.Based on the analysis of Fe,Mn and Sr trace elements,and carbon,oxygen ...The Callovian-Oxfordian carbonate reservoirs are the most important hydrocarbon reservoir in the Samandepe gas field,Amu Darya basin,Turkmenistan.Based on the analysis of Fe,Mn and Sr trace elements,and carbon,oxygen and strontium isotopes,the genesis and evolutionary characteristics of the carbonate reservoirs were studied,and the conclusions were follows：1） Sustained transgressive-regressive cycles played an important role during Callovian-Oxfordian.The reservoir of reef-bank facies was well developed in the period of transgression,while the regional dense cap rocks developed in the period of regression;2） The 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio measured from rudist shells yields an age of 157.2 Ma according to the global strontium isotope curve;3） As diagenetic intensity increased,δ 13 C changed little,and δ 18 O showed strong negative deviation but was still limited to the range of Late Jurassic seawater.High Fe and Sr contents,and low Mn content,and the evolutionary trend of δ 13 C and δ 18 O all indicate that diagenesis occurred in a relatively confined environment,where the fluids were relatively reducing and contained hot brine.The stage of diagenesis reached is mesodiagenesis,which is very favorable for preservation of primary pores in carbonates;4） Strong dissolution of reef limestones,burial dolomitization and hydrothermal calcite precipitation were all the results of the interaction between the 87 Sr-rich diagenetic fluid and rocks;5） The analysis results of isotopes,fluid inclusions and vitrinite reflectance show that the diagenetic fluid was compaction-released water that originated from the deep,coal-bearing clastic strata.展开更多
Rationale:Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis(SSPE)is a progressive neurological disorder caused by persistent measles virus infection.SSPE predominantly affects children and adolescents.The symptoms usually develop 6...Rationale:Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis(SSPE)is a progressive neurological disorder caused by persistent measles virus infection.SSPE predominantly affects children and adolescents.The symptoms usually develop 6-15 years after measles infection and ultimately leading to death in many cases.Patient concerns:Patient 1 presented with cognitive decline and myoclonus and the Patient 2 presented with diminution of vision with myoclonic jerks.Diagnosis:Based on the clinical features with a characteristic electroencephalogram pattern and the presence of a high titer of anti-measles IgG in serum and cerebrospinal fluid,these patients were diagnosed as SSPE.Interventions:Antiepileptics were started for controlling myoclonus along with supportive treatment.Outcomes:Both patients were discharged on antiepileptics and supportive care.Lessons:Whenever there are unusual clinical manifestations with unknown vaccination status,SSPE can be suspected and the cerebrospinal fluid should be examined for anti-measles antibodies.Our case study also highlights the importance of universal coverage of measles vaccination.To reduce the incidence of measles and associated deaths,it is important to maintain a high level of immunization coverage for the measles vaccine and to strengthen all the integral components of the national immunization program.展开更多
文摘The Callovian-Oxfordian carbonate reservoirs are the most important hydrocarbon reservoir in the Samandepe gas field,Amu Darya basin,Turkmenistan.Based on the analysis of Fe,Mn and Sr trace elements,and carbon,oxygen and strontium isotopes,the genesis and evolutionary characteristics of the carbonate reservoirs were studied,and the conclusions were follows：1） Sustained transgressive-regressive cycles played an important role during Callovian-Oxfordian.The reservoir of reef-bank facies was well developed in the period of transgression,while the regional dense cap rocks developed in the period of regression;2） The 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio measured from rudist shells yields an age of 157.2 Ma according to the global strontium isotope curve;3） As diagenetic intensity increased,δ 13 C changed little,and δ 18 O showed strong negative deviation but was still limited to the range of Late Jurassic seawater.High Fe and Sr contents,and low Mn content,and the evolutionary trend of δ 13 C and δ 18 O all indicate that diagenesis occurred in a relatively confined environment,where the fluids were relatively reducing and contained hot brine.The stage of diagenesis reached is mesodiagenesis,which is very favorable for preservation of primary pores in carbonates;4） Strong dissolution of reef limestones,burial dolomitization and hydrothermal calcite precipitation were all the results of the interaction between the 87 Sr-rich diagenetic fluid and rocks;5） The analysis results of isotopes,fluid inclusions and vitrinite reflectance show that the diagenetic fluid was compaction-released water that originated from the deep,coal-bearing clastic strata.
文摘Rationale:Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis(SSPE)is a progressive neurological disorder caused by persistent measles virus infection.SSPE predominantly affects children and adolescents.The symptoms usually develop 6-15 years after measles infection and ultimately leading to death in many cases.Patient concerns:Patient 1 presented with cognitive decline and myoclonus and the Patient 2 presented with diminution of vision with myoclonic jerks.Diagnosis:Based on the clinical features with a characteristic electroencephalogram pattern and the presence of a high titer of anti-measles IgG in serum and cerebrospinal fluid,these patients were diagnosed as SSPE.Interventions:Antiepileptics were started for controlling myoclonus along with supportive treatment.Outcomes:Both patients were discharged on antiepileptics and supportive care.Lessons:Whenever there are unusual clinical manifestations with unknown vaccination status,SSPE can be suspected and the cerebrospinal fluid should be examined for anti-measles antibodies.Our case study also highlights the importance of universal coverage of measles vaccination.To reduce the incidence of measles and associated deaths,it is important to maintain a high level of immunization coverage for the measles vaccine and to strengthen all the integral components of the national immunization program.
