Digital Transformation of Higher Education:History and Consensus,Trends and Experiences,Issues and Challenges

The rapid development of new-generation information technology has triggered the evolution of education and teaching towards digitalization,accelerating the digital transformation of higher education and bringing an important opportunity for the high-quality development of higher education.Firstly,we give an overview of the digital development of higher education and discuss how information technology is reshaping the teaching and learning of higher education.Secondly,we explain the consensus on the digital development of higher education,and focus on summarizing the digital achievements of higher education in China and analyzing the successful experience through the introduction of the digital development trend of higher education in the world.Finally,we point out the current problems and challenges and make a preliminary discussion.Digital empowerment has arrived,and in the era of digitization,the transformation and development of higher education will lead to systemic changes in universities.This is an inevitable stage in the process of higher education development.Digital transformation will drive higher education to be more competitive,inclusive,and accessible,enabling universities to unleash their digital vitality in various service functions and contribute to the construction of a digital China.

Research on the Strategy of Promoting Daqing to Create a National Public Employment and Entrepreneurship Service Demonstration City

Based on the research on the basic status quo of the construction of public employment and entrepreneurship service system in Daqing, this paper analyzes the problems existing in Daqing’s establishment of a national public employment and entrepreneurship service demonstration city, and gives countermeasures and suggestions from three levels: optimizing the public employment and entrepreneurship service system, innovating the public employment and entrepreneurship service mode, and improving the entrepreneurship driven employment support system.

The Association of Socioeconomic Status with the Burden of Cataract-related Blindness and the Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure: An Ecological Study

Objective To assess the association of socioeconomic status with the burden of cataract blindness in terms of year lived with disability(YLD) rates and to determine whether ultraviolet radiation(UVR) levels modify the effect of socioeconomic status on this health burden.Methods National and subnational age-standardized YLD rates associated with cataract-related blindness were derived from the Global Burden of Disease(GBD) study 2017. The human development index(HDI) from the Human Development Report was used as a measure of socioeconomic status.Estimated ground-level UVR exposure was obtained from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument(OMI)dataset of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA).Results Across 185 countries, socioeconomic status was inversely associated with the burden of cataract blindness. Countries with a very high HDI had an 84% lower age-standardized YLD rate [95%confidence interval(CI): 60%–93%, P < 0.001] than countries with a low HDI;for high-HDI countries, the proportion was 76%(95% CI: 53%–88%, P < 0.001), and for medium-HDI countries, the proportion was48%(95% CI: 15%–68%, P = 0.010;P for trend < 0.001). The interaction analysis showed that UVR exposure played an interactive role in the association between socioeconomic status and cataract blindness burden(P value for interaction = 0.047).Conclusion Long-term high-UVR exposure amplifies the association of poor socioeconomic status with the burden of cataract-related blindness. The findings emphasize the need for strengthening UVR exposure protection interventions in developing countries with high-UVR exposure.

Multi-features Based Approach for Moving Shadow Detection

In the video-based surveillance application, moving shadows can affect the correct localization and detection of moving objects. This paper aims to present a method for shadow detection and suppression used for moving visual object detection. The major novelty of the shadow suppression is the integration of several features including photometric invariant color feature, motion edge feature, and spatial feature etc. By modifying process for false shadow detected, the averaging detection rate of moving object reaches above 90% in the test of Hall-Monitor sequence.

Rotation forest based on multimodal genetic algorithm

In machine learning,randomness is a crucial factor in the success of ensemble learning,and it can be injected into tree-based ensembles by rotating the feature space.However,it is a common practice to rotate the feature space randomly.Thus,a large number of trees are required to ensure the performance of the ensemble model.This random rotation method is theoretically feasible,but it requires massive computing resources,potentially restricting its applications.A multimodal genetic algorithm based rotation forest(MGARF)algorithm is proposed in this paper to solve this problem.It is a tree-based ensemble learning algorithm for classification,taking advantage of the characteristic of trees to inject randomness by feature rotation.However,this algorithm attempts to select a subset of more diverse and accurate base learners using the multimodal optimization method.The classification accuracy of the proposed MGARF algorithm was evaluated by comparing it with the original random forest and random rotation ensemble methods on 23 UCI classification datasets.Experimental results show that the MGARF method outperforms the other methods,and the number of base learners in MGARF models is much fewer.

Application Status and Promotion Strategy of Integrated Network Teaching Platform——Taking Northwest A&F University as an Example

The development of Internet technology has brought convenience to the development of education and teaching,and has also changed the traditional methods and means of education and teaching. The construction of an integrated network teaching platform based on Internet technology brings new opportunities for the development of higher education. Taking the construction of the integrated network teaching platform of Northwest A&F University as an example,the current situation and existing problems in the construction of the integrated network teaching platform of the Northwest A&F University are explained. By proposing the promotion strategies for the application of the integrated network teaching platform,the construction of the integrated network teaching platform is improved,thereby facilitating the online and offline mixed teaching and further promoting the improvement of teaching level and teaching effect.

Novel Real-Time Seam Tracking Algorithm Based on Vector Angle and Least Square Method

Real-time seam tracking can improve welding quality and enhance welding efficiency during the welding process in automobile manufacturing.However,the teaching-playing welding process,an off-line seam tracking method,is still dominant in automobile industry,which is less flexible when welding objects or situation change.A novel real-time algorithm consisting of seam detection and generation is proposed to track seam.Using captured 3D points,space vectors were created between two adjacent points along each laser line and then a vector angle based algorithm was developed to detect target points on the seam.Least square method was used to fit target points to a welding trajectory for seam tracking.Furthermore,the real-time seam tracking process was simulated in MATLAB/Simulink.The trend of joint angles vs.time was logged and a comparison between the off-line and the proposed seam tracking algorithm was conducted.Results show that the proposed real-time seam tracking algorithm can work in a real-time scenario and have high accuracy in welding point positioning.

Design of a polarization splitter for an ultra-broadband dual-core photonic crystal fiber

A novel ultra-broadband polarization splitter based on a dual-core photonic crystal fiber(DC-PCF)is designed.The full-vector finite element method and coupled-mode theory are employed to investigate the characteristics of the polarization splitter.According to the numerical results,a graphene-filled layer not only broadens the working bandwidth but also reduces the size of the polarization splitter.Furthermore,the fluorine-doped region and the germanium-doped region can broaden the bandwidth.Also,the 4.78 mm long polarization splitter can achieve an extinction ratio of-98.6 d B at a wavelength of 1550 nm.When extinction ratio is less than-20 d B,the range of the wavelength is 1027 nm-1723 nm with a bandwidth of 696 nm.Overall,the polarization splitter can be applied to all-optical network communication systems in the infrared and near-infrared wavelength range.

Science and Technology Innovation Promoting the Development of Intelligent Agriculture in Shandong Province

This article introduces the concepts related to intelligent agriculture,summarizes the ideas and countermeasures of modern information technology innovation to promote the development of intelligent agriculture in Shandong Province,analyzes the development trend of intelligent agriculture,and points out the direction for realizing the connotative development of agriculture in Shandong Province.

Teaching Model Integrating Online and Offline in Real Time ——An Exploration of New Teaching Mode for Regular Epidemic Prevention and Control

During epidemic,students in medium-risk or high-risk areas are unable to return to school on time.In response to this new challenge,there is an urgent need to create a new teaching mode to offer on-line courses to those absent from the offline classes,and we propose a model integrating online and offline teaching.It is based on“dual-camera”method,which allows off-campus students to virtually build up a physical classroom scenario on campus through computers and mobile phones.Using this model,students can participate in class remotely.In order to enhance the engagement of off-campus online students,emphasis is placed on interactive teaching.Teachers are required to design their teaching in advance and to work in collaboration with multiple departments,then using information technology and suitable teaching methods to enable students to participate in physical classroom teaching.This model has been tested in practice and has been successful in meeting the challenges.Finally,4 areas for improvement and refinement are identified.

Contribution of the LHT Model to Zcc Coupling

In the littlest Higgs model with T-parity(LHT),some new particles,such as the T-odd mirror quarks and goldstone bosons,can contribute to various observables.We calculate their contribution to Zcc coupling.Some observables are related to Zcc coupling,for example,the effective vector and axial−vector Zcc coupling constants(gVc,gAc)and c−quark forward-backward asymmetry(AcFB).We give our predictions about gVc,gAc in the LHT model and show the allowed regions of the mirror quark masses based on the experimental data of gVc−gAc.Then,we present an explanation of AcFB.

Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Binzhou City Based on Large Computer Data

Based on the relevant statistics on the agricultural non-point source pollution in Binzhou City,we studied the spatio-temporal variation in agricultural non-point source nitrogen pollution and phosphorus pollution in Binzhou City during 2008-2015. The results showed that the agricultural non-point source nitrogen pollution and phosphorus pollution in Binzhou City changed from 114400 t and 28800 t in 2008 to110600 t and 24400 t in 2015,respectively; for the non-point source nitrogen pollution sources,the proportion of chemical fertilizer,manure and domestic sewage changed from 80. 41%,10. 47% and 9. 13% in 2008 to 82. 94%,4. 77% and 12. 29% in 2015,respectively; for the non-point source phosphorus pollution sources,the proportion of chemical fertilizer,manure and domestic sewage changed from 89. 29%,8. 32% and 2. 39% in 2008 to 91. 6%,4. 78% and 3. 62% in 2015,respectively; in 2015,the non-point source nitrogen pollution was most serious in Wudi County and Huimin County and least serious in Zhanhua County; the non-point source phosphorus pollution was most serious in Zouping County and least serious in Wudi County.

MOOC construction of major core course and reform of Hybrid Teaching Mode Taking "principle of embedded system" as an example

The development of MOOC directly promotes the reform of physical classroom teaching,and leads to the reform of teaching mode and teaching method in the direction of improving teachers’teaching quality and students’learning effect and innovation ability.In order to meet the needs of MOOC teaching reform,based on the MOOC built by ourselves and running on the MOOC platform,this paper puts forward the hybrid teaching mode reform of the core courses of an computer specialty,which combines online and offline in depth.Sort out the knowledge system of an embedded system,build MOOC and put it online on domestic well-known MOOC platform,compile supporting teaching materials,and form an organic combination of online and offline teaching resources;proposing a hybrid teaching mode of online and offline combination,which focuses on interactive classroom teaching reform.On the basis of organizing students to carry out online autonomous learning,online and offline entity classroom carries out interactive classroom teaching reform;Using intelligent teaching tools to promote students to use mobile phones to participate in classroom learning,improve the universality of interactive teaching,carry out flipped classroom teaching,and improve the depth of interactive teaching.Based on the independent construction of MOOC,the hybrid teaching is carried out,which improves the pertinence of online teaching organization.The information-based teaching and flipped classroom teaching in the physical classroom improve the students’ability to solve problems,and lay a solid foundation for the improvement of teaching quality and learning effect.

A Moving Human Tracking Approach Based on Semantic Interaction

In order to deal with partical occlusion, a semantic interaction based moving human tracking approach is put forward. Firstly human is modeled as moving blobs which are described as blob descriptions. Then moving blobs are updated and verified by projecting these descriptions. The approach exploits improved fast gauss transform and chooses source and target samples to reduce compute cost. Multi-moving human can be tracked simply and part occlusion can be done well.

Exploration on MOOC Teaching Pilot College Construction Planning

The spread and innovative application of MOOC in China has rapidly triggered a profound revolution in the curriculum construction and teaching reform of universities,promoting significant results in teaching and talent cultivation.Based on the practice of“MOOC teaching pilot colleges”carried out by the China University Computer Education MOOC Consortium in some universities in China,this paper proposes the overall plan of MOOC teaching pilot colleges construction through the analysis of typical cases,pointing out the purpose and significance of the reform of the pilot college and giving the relevant concepts and requirements.This thesis focuses on the reform of teaching methods,assessment methods,grade calculation and credit recognition,and stress assessment,emphasizing the need for a three-dimensional process management of teachers,students,and college teaching administrators,and the need to focus on institutional development to provide protection.MOOC teaching pilot colleges should reform and innovate in practice,and they should keep solving the problems they encounter and deepen the reform,so as to provide useful experiences and reference practices for the landing and high-quality development of MOOC teaching in more universities.

Qualitative Identification and Semi-Quantitative Comparison of Sucrose in Maca (<i>Lepidium meyenii</i>) by Infrared Spectrum Analysis

Objective: In order to establish a method for qualitative identification and semi-quantitative comparison of sucrose in Macas by infrared spectral analysis. Methods: Six Maca samples with three color types and from two producing areas in Yunnan province (China) were collected. Fourier trans-form infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of raw Maca, ethyl acetate extracts (EtOAc-E), alcohol extracts (EtOH-E) and extracted residues were recorded selectively. Comparative analysis and analysis-through-separation strategies were used to explore the FTIR analytical method for sucrose in Maca. Results: Sucrose was proved to be a component in the Lijiang purple Maca (LPM) sample by comparative analysis of FTIR and second derivative in-frared spectroscopy (SDIR) with sucrose as a reference substance. Relative higher content of sucrose might be responsible for the distinctive absorption character of FTIR from LPM. With the aid of comparative analysis and analysis-through-separation strategies, conclusions could be drawn that all of the six Maca samples in this research contained some sucrose more or less. Furthermore, relative content of sucrose in the LM was higher than those in HM in general. Conclusion: An infrared spectrum analysis method for qualitative identification and semi-quantitative comparison of sucrose in different Maca samples was developed. Compared with other analytical methods, the developed method shows unparalleled charm for its inherent merits of convenient, fast, low cost, visual, efficient et al.

An Adaptive Approach of Satellite Baseline Estimation in InSAR

Baseline is an important parameter of radar interferometry. Generally, it can be estimated by satellite orbital data or ground control points. In this paper, an adaptive method is proposed to estimate it with combination satellite orbital data, and the accuracy of baseline estimated can be improved without ground control points;actual data of ERS and ENVISAT ASAR have been used in algorithm development and the final obtained elevation shows that the precise orbit data is more accurate than original orbit data in estimating baseline.

Study on Environmental Behavior of Urban Residents in Ningshan County

With the advance in urbanization,environmental problems become increasingly prominent,and environmental crisis has become a global issue. In this context,the ecological civilization has been put on the agenda. Taking Ningshan County in Shaanxi Province as an example,through questionnaire,this paper interviewed and studied environmental behavior of local urban residents. It carried out analysis on the environmental knowledge,environmental awareness,community environmental norms,environmental laws and regulations,and environmental behavior. In conclusion,with changes in environmental behavior,urban residents of Ningshan County should further strengthen their environmental awareness,and government should further improve the environmental improvement policies,make reasonable planning of communities,so as to promote improvement in the overall environmental awareness and changes in environment behavior.

Multiple mobile-obstacle avoidance algorithm for redundant manipulator

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the previous obstacle avoidance algorithms,an obstacle avoidance algorithm applicable to multiple mobile obstacles was proposed.The minimum prediction distance between obstacles and a manipulator was obtained according to the states of obstacles and transformed to escape velocity of the corresponding link of the manipulator.The escape velocity was introduced to the gradient projection method to obtain the joint velocity of the manipulator so as to complete the obstacle avoidance trajectory planning.A7-DOF manipulator was used in the simulation,and the results verified the effectiveness of the algorithm.

The Problems and Countermeasures Research of College Students＇ Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities

As the builders and successors of the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics, college students＂ ideological and political education level influences the socialist construction. Colleges＇ ideological and political educators should have a clear teaching goal, and sort out their own teaching ideas, constantly updating and reforming the education mode. Based on the problems existing in the college students＇ ideological and political education, this paper will put forward the corresponding reform measures to ensure the ideological and political education work to go on smoothly.