Current Insights on Vitamin D Intake, Status and Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Narrative Review

The association between Vitamin D and IBS has attracted growing interest because of vitamin D’s involvement in immune system function and reduction of inflammation. IBS, a prevalent gastrointestinal condition marked by symptoms such as stomach pain, bloating, and changed bowel habits, implies that sufficient levels of Vitamin D may impact the symptomatology and quality of life associated with IBS. This review aimed to unveil current insights on vitamin D intake, status and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. A search was conducted on Embase, Scopus, Medline, and Cochrane Library, as well as a reference list of relevant studies. This paper also examined the current therapeutic practices for using vitamin D in the management of IBS. Although several studies demonstrate a positive association between vitamin D administration and the alleviation of IBS symptoms, the data is not yet definitive. Moreover, the review emphasised the necessity for additional rigorous clinical studies to determine a definitive therapeutic function of vitamin D in IBS based on the literature. The role of vitamin D in the modulation of gut health, particularly in IBS, has garnered significant attention due to its potential impact on both inflammation and the integrity of the gut barrier. Vitamin D, acting as a hormone precursor, is recognised for its crucial involvement in maintaining calcium balance and promoting bone health.

Pig Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) Does Not Attach to Boar Sperm;It Affects Only the Velocity Pattern and the Mobility Pattern

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the sperm viability of semen infected with PRRSV viral particles, observing the effect of the Virus on the motility of boar sperm. The work was carried out at the FMVZ-BUAP Genetics and Reproduction Laboratory. 5 stallions were used. Each sample contained 1 × 106 sperm, the PRRS virus strain was ATCC-VR-2332 (0, 102, 104 and 106 copies of RNA/mL in triplicate), it was observed daily at the CASA;Hamilton Thorne®. Cells with MT (P < 0.05) on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 of evaluation with 201 ± 7.3, 167 ± 10.1, 165 ± 14.6, 134 ± 8.2 and 120 ± 8.8, respectively. The % MP between control and virus concentrations (P ≥ 0.05). The LCV on day 1 and 7 PI at 10X2 and 10X6 (P < 0.05) vs control. In the Correlation Matrix, where it is observed that there is a correlation between VSL and VAP, VSL and VCL, VCL and ALH, VAP with ALH. There is a correlation of VSL and ALH, STR and ALH. In this study there were (P ≤ 0.01) in the VCL, in the concentrations (102) 162.81 ± 10.65 and (106) 177.12 ± 5.77 vs 193.04 ± 4.62 of control. This indicates that altering these parameters would be related to fertility and the PRRS virus affects the LCV. Regarding the VSL, it was observed that the sperm infected with viruses 102, 104 and 106 of 48.00 ± 3.38, 49.88 ± 1.83 and 50.55 ± 2.24 Vs. 56.66 ± 1.68 of control respectively, the control would have greater possibilities of fertilizing the oocyte. In this study, it was found (P ≤ 0.01) in the VAP with 102 of 77.26 ± 5.16, 104 with 83.35 ± 2.41 and 106 with 81.29 ± 3.14 vs the control with 90.56 ± 2.07. Regarding the ALH there is (P < 0.05) a 104 with 8.70 ± .26 and 106 with 9.64 ± 0.23 vs control 8.50 ± 0.27. The presence of different concentrations of PRRSV in boar semen induces changes in different types of sperm motility. Infection of ejaculates with the PRRS virus affects sperm motility on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 post-infections.

以信息技术为主导的培训者培训模式研究

本文以教师培训的实践为基础,从理论上对培训者的培训进行了深入的探讨,并提出了具有较强操作性的培训模式。这种模式的突出特点是,以信息技术为主线,综合运用教学理论、学习理论、信息技术整合理论和多种培训技巧。这是国际培训专家和国内培训专家共同实践的结果,对推动我国的教师培训具有广泛的指导意义。

东南亚及西太平洋区的日本脑炎(英文)

日本脑炎仅流行于东南亚及西太平洋区各地。此病由动物偶然传给人体 ,但不能由人体传给他人。主要媒介为三带喙库蚊。防治方法唯赖疫苗接种人体及猪等。

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in subjects over age of forty years and response of a booster dose among nonresponders

AIM:The study was initiated to evaluate the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in age group >40 years and to study the response of a single booster dose in primary non-responders to the hepatitis B vaccination. METHODS:A total of 102 volunteers without markers of hepatitis B infection (negative for HBsAg,anti-HBc antibody, HBeAg and anti-HBs antibody) received 20μg of recombinant HB vaccine intramuscularly at 0,1,and 6 months.Anti HBs titers were evaluated by a quantitative Elisa kit at 90 and 210 days.A booster dose of 20μg HB vaccine was given after 6 months of the 3^(rd) vaccine dose to the 15 non- responders and anti-HBs titers were measured after i month. RESULTS:Seroprotection (anti-HBs GMT^3 10 IU/L) was achieved in 85.3 % (87/102) volunteers.The mean GMT titers of the vaccine responders was 136.1 IU/L.Of the seroprotected individuals,there were 32.4% (33/102) hyporesponders (anti- HBs titers <10-99 mIU/ml) and 52.9% (54/102) were responders (anti-HBs titers >100 IU/L).All the non-responders (15/15) responded to a single dose of the booster dose of recombinant HB vaccine and their mean anti-HBs antibody titers were more than 100.5 mIU/ml after the booster dose. CONCLUSION:Recombinant hepatitis B vaccine offers good seroprotection in the age group >40 years and has a good safety profile.A single booster dose after 6 months in primary non-responders leads to good seroprotective anti-HBs antibody titers.However,larger population based studies are needed to evaluate the role of a booster dose in selected group of non-responders and whether such an approach will be cost effective.

First Stage Recovery

On April 8, 2016, a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launched a payload from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida USA and the first stage rocket returned to earth onto a floating drone ship in the Atlantic Ocean [1 ]. This was only the second time an orbital class rocket achieved a successful touchdown. The first time was December 21, 2015, when a Falcon 9 was launched from Cape Canaveral and returned to the launching pad [2] （Fig. 1）. In the past, first stage rockets were designed to burn up on reentry. These recovery operations represent impressive achievements in guidance, navigation, and control, and provided some spectacular long range video [1-3] and still pictures of the barge landing from the perspective of the barge [4].

1988-2008全球盲的改变

一、视力损害的患病率 1.人口的改变当 1988年社区健康杂志开始发行时,世界人口是约51亿,20年后,这一数字已经增加了约30%,达到67亿;同时,世界人口的老龄化也非常明显,20年间65岁以上的老人增长了55%,从3.2亿增加到5亿,而已有的证据表明视力损害的患病率在老年人中要高的多。

NANO SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING IN SOLID MECHANICS

According to National Science Foundation （NSF） Director A. Bement, ‘Transformative research is... research driven by ideas that stand a reasonable chance of radically changing our understanding of an important existing scientific concept or leading to the creation of a new paradigm or field of science is also characterized by its challenge to current understanding or its pathway to new frontiers.＇ Nanotechnology is one of such frontiers. It is the creation of new materials, devices and systems at the molecular level--phenomena associated with atomic and molecular interactions strongly influence macroscopic material properties with significantly improved mechanical, optical, chemical, electrical... properties. Former NSF Director Rita Colwell in 2002 declared, ‘nanoscale technology will have an impact equal to the Industrial Revolution＇. The transcendent technologies include nanotechnology, microelectronics, information technology and biotechnology as well as the enabling and supporting mechanical and civil infrastructure systems and materials. These technologies are the primary drivers of the twenty first century and the new economy. Mechanics is an essential eleraent in all of the transcendent technologies. Research opportunities, education and challenges in mechanics, including experimental, numerical and analytical methods in nanomechanics, carbon nano-tubes, bio-inspired materials, fuel cells, as well as improved engineering and design of materials are presented and discussed in this paper.

Climate Agreement--Revisited

In these pages in December 2016 [1 ], it was noted that the United States and China, representing together 38% of global greenhouse gas emissions, agreed in September 2016 to join the Paris Agreement [2,3] and that, on November 4, 2016, the required ratifications were reached in order to put the agreement in force [4].

Genetically Engineered Crops

The issue of genetically engineered(GE)crops has been a contentious one since shortly after the initial development of recombinant DNA manipulation techniques in the 1970s.It is a discussion which has played out frequently in the popular press,occasionally in sensational fashion,and left some people looking expectantly for great advances to eliminate world hunger。

The World＇s Longest Tunnel

The world’s longest and deepest tunnel,the 57.1 km long Gotthard Base Tunnel,was officially opened on June 1,2016 after 20years of effort[1,2],as shown in Fig.1[3,4].The tunnel,actually twin tubes,under the Gotthard Massif of the Swiss Alps connects Erstfeld in the north to Bodio in the south,effectively connecting northern and southern Europe with a high speed-high

Clean Energy Perspective

The International Energy Agency has recently published a report assessing the status of a wide range of actions necessary for energy technologies/energy consumers/energy intensive industries to be on track by 2025 toward meeting the goal of minimizing global temperature rise to 2℃ by 2100 relative to pre industrial levels.

如何为婴幼儿滴眼药水和涂抹药膏

在为婴幼儿滴眼药水和涂抹眼药膏时,格外的小心是十分必要的,同时,教会父母及看护者在婴幼儿患者离开诊所或医院后如何继续护理也是非常重要的。我们应该让父母尝试着练习,给予其一定的指导及帮助,直到他们感到自己能够独立完成这件事为止。

Options for Healthcare Waste Management and Treatment in China

Healthcare waste management and treatment is one of the national priority tasks of China’s Tenth Five-Year Plan. Numerous installations disposing medical waste have already operated the project or under construction to the operation in 2006. This paper focuses on the assessment of existing and future options to handle medical waste (MW). Internationally available and so far in China applied technologies and management practice are analysed, including the problems how to segregate medical waste streams at the source and to reduce the ‘critical waste’ to mainly infectious and aesthetically sensible materials. Non-hazardous MW can be managed and treated in analogue to municipal solid waste (MSW). In most of the European countries decentralised hospital incinerators have been, because of high operation costs and pollution problems, widely banned and replaced by pre-treatment technologies at the source and centralised incineration plants for hazardous MW. Information for adapting and further developing MW management solutions and treatment technologies in China and applying the most appropriate MWM practice is provided.

Policy Recommendations to Prevent Financial Risks Caused by Speculative Capital Flows

There are two inaccuracies to the common belief that hot money flows into China through international trade: "hot money" and "trade channels". First, China’s domestic financial market is still at the initial stage of development, and foreign exchange control has put barriers to entry and exit of overseas capital. Strictly speaking, the short-term highly liquid "hot money" does not exist in China, and is referred to as long-term speculative capital in this paper. Second, such capital does not come from trade alone. International trade is only part of corporate business operations, and a more reasonable and complete description is that "overseas capital flows into China through foreign-funded enterprises". Through analysis of the inflow channels, this paper estimates that the stock of long-term speculative capital between 1999 and 2006 stands at almost US$ 400 billion. The year 2006 saw an increase of US$ 98.09 billion, of which US$ 35.4 billion was formed through international trade, which equals to roughly 20% of trade surplus that year. But this does not mean that 20% of trade surplus is long-term speculative capital.

"Resuscitator": Golden medtech proposal introducing a new era for CPR

The author has performed several rescues in both basic and advanced CPR failure. Such practice consists in stimulating an acupuncture point called KI-1 Yongquan, where terrestrial Yin energy enters into our bodies to nourish heart and lungs to maintain vital functions. Said stimulus follows the same ascending path of a lightning bolt. This integration between heart and kidneys makes up the deepest energetic level in acupuncture: the Shao Yin. Such level not only proceeds over cardiovascular physiology but also influences the central nervous system. This helps us to better understand the outstanding response when applied in cardiac arrest and stroke (84.51% survival rate in last 30 years). Such benefit in patients with bilateral amputation lead the discovery of a new energetic path called "reconciliation vessel", presented before the Chinese National Academy of Medical Science in 2014 and 2016. The "resuscitator" can be used when physical barriers hamper the precordial massage: crashed or overturned vehicles, building collapses, landslides, and other catastrophes with a large number of victims. This prototype was developed under safety measures to avoid any collateral damage in patients or rescuers. By 2020, the global number of victims of cardiovascular diseases will involve 30 million people. Adding the 7% of brain-vascular victims will reach over 30% of all causes of death. Advanced technology may provide the "resuscitator" with global positioning systems to notify the emergency network to send the closest rescue unit to the victim. The present invention has been developed to assist resuscitation maneuvers in humans as well for veterinary use.

The Shale Oil and Gas Revolution

The global energy landscape has very often been subject to upheaval due to geopolitical strife. Americans old enough will vividly recall waiting in long lines at gasoline stations during the 1973 oil embargo. At present, there is another sort of upheaval afoot that is totally driven by technology-hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling.

水库大坝地震后特别检查(英文)

地震可以不同方式对水库大坝造成破坏:①强烈的地振动;②坝基沿断层或其他间断面的位移;③水库内断层活动引起波浪使大坝失去超高;④岩体向水库运动形成冲击波。大地震影响的范围较广,可能影响的水库大坝数量也较多,如2001年发生的印度Bhuj地震,有240多座水库大坝(主要为小型的土石坝)因遭受破坏而需要除险加固。另外,2008年5月12日发生在四川汶川的8级地震,有1580多座水库大坝遭受到不同程度的破坏。2008年6月14日日本Iwate-Miyagi Nairiku7.2级地震发生后,对其涉及的134座水库大坝进行了地震后特别检查。通常,负责大坝安全的部门需要通过调查对震损水库的安全状况进行评估,进行调查时最好使用检查表。2008年国际大坝委员会对使用了20a的地震后水坝检查导则进行了全面修订,其中包括土石坝及混凝土坝的震后检查表。介绍了导则修改后的特点,并希望提供的检查表不仅应用于水库大坝的震后检查,也可应用于水库大坝一般检查。

Falcon Heavy

In these pages [1], the successful 2016 recovery of the first stage booster of a Falcon 9 rocket on a drone ship in the Atlantic Ocean was recounted. The goal was to recover the booster for reuse, to reduce cost for subsequent launches, and it was only the second time a Falcon 9 booster was successfully recovered. Video of the booster landing on the ship was striking and demonstrated that recovery was possible at convenient points other than the launch site where the first recovery was achieved.

共同努力:为受污染财产的治理和再开发融资

地方政府和投资商需共同努力 ,以鼓励和促进“褐色地带”场所的治理、再开发和充分利用 .在美国过去的几年中 ,存在着一种制订“风险治理标准和自愿治理计划”的趋势 ,以鼓励这些场所的再利用 .最近 ,地方政府和私营保险公司提供的“有效债务保护”有利于这种趋势的发展 .本文考虑了各种受污染财产的治理和再开发的融资方法 .