This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial activities of bacterial isolates of maize against plant pathogens as well as their growth responses to some environmental parameters. Twenty four bacterial i...This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial activities of bacterial isolates of maize against plant pathogens as well as their growth responses to some environmental parameters. Twenty four bacterial isolates were obtained from maize plants collected from the Department of Biological Sciences, AfeBabalola University, Ado-Ekiti. The isolates were characterized by their biochemical and physiological characteristics and were identified as Kurthiazopfu, Morganellamorganic, Rhodococcusequi, Bacillus subtilis, Catabaterhongkongensis, Brevibacteriumotitidis, Lactobacillus coleohominis, Staphylococcus aureus, Propionibacterium acnes among others. Their responses to different NaCl concentrations, sugars, temperature as well as antibiotics were determined. Most of the isolates were able to withstand various environmental parameters in which they were subjected to. Also, eight isolates were able to ferment sucrose. The bacterial isolates showed a degree of resistance to the antibiotics tested. There was a high prevalence of multidrug resistant bacteria showing resistance to 3 - 8 drugs. The antagonistic effect of the bacterial isolates against selected fungi was determined. None of the isolates showed antagonistic potential against the fungal pathogens. However, the supposed antagonistic bacterial species can be genetically modified to produce secondary metabolites that will result in biocontrol.展开更多
Young adults generally have been identified as one of the groups of individuals who are particularly at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS and under-graduates constitute a very significant subset among these young adults. T...Young adults generally have been identified as one of the groups of individuals who are particularly at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS and under-graduates constitute a very significant subset among these young adults. Therefore this research was designed to study the specific factors that put undergraduates in ten selected tertiary institutions in southwest Nigeria at risk of contracting HIVAIDS, as well as determine HIV prevalence in these campuses and the viral load of positive subjects. 1000 undergraduates were enrolled in the study, over a period of forty-two months. Baseline retroviral screening was carried out, using a rapid commercial test-kit, DETERMINE®. Confirmatory tests were carried out on positive samples using Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) technique. The viral load of the positive samples was determined using Real Time PCR, while the CD4+ count was assayed using Cyflow technique. Four out of the 1000 subjects were confirmed to be positive, thus representing an overall prevalence rate of 0.4%. The CD4 count of the positive subjects were 479/L, 368/L, 420/L and 1063/L. Molecular analysis of the positive subjects’ samples using RT-PCR revealed that the level of viral RNA in two of the subjects’ was too low for detection, while the other two positive subjects had 20 cp/ml and 325 cp/ml of viral RNA in their samples. Analyses of both the negative and positive subjects’ questionnaires were carried out, so as to determine the probable risk-factors that predisposed the positive subjects to infection. Hypotheses tested at p < 0.05 revealed that there was a significant difference in the rate at which the subjects were infected with HIV among the age-groups.展开更多
文摘This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial activities of bacterial isolates of maize against plant pathogens as well as their growth responses to some environmental parameters. Twenty four bacterial isolates were obtained from maize plants collected from the Department of Biological Sciences, AfeBabalola University, Ado-Ekiti. The isolates were characterized by their biochemical and physiological characteristics and were identified as Kurthiazopfu, Morganellamorganic, Rhodococcusequi, Bacillus subtilis, Catabaterhongkongensis, Brevibacteriumotitidis, Lactobacillus coleohominis, Staphylococcus aureus, Propionibacterium acnes among others. Their responses to different NaCl concentrations, sugars, temperature as well as antibiotics were determined. Most of the isolates were able to withstand various environmental parameters in which they were subjected to. Also, eight isolates were able to ferment sucrose. The bacterial isolates showed a degree of resistance to the antibiotics tested. There was a high prevalence of multidrug resistant bacteria showing resistance to 3 - 8 drugs. The antagonistic effect of the bacterial isolates against selected fungi was determined. None of the isolates showed antagonistic potential against the fungal pathogens. However, the supposed antagonistic bacterial species can be genetically modified to produce secondary metabolites that will result in biocontrol.
文摘Young adults generally have been identified as one of the groups of individuals who are particularly at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS and under-graduates constitute a very significant subset among these young adults. Therefore this research was designed to study the specific factors that put undergraduates in ten selected tertiary institutions in southwest Nigeria at risk of contracting HIVAIDS, as well as determine HIV prevalence in these campuses and the viral load of positive subjects. 1000 undergraduates were enrolled in the study, over a period of forty-two months. Baseline retroviral screening was carried out, using a rapid commercial test-kit, DETERMINE®. Confirmatory tests were carried out on positive samples using Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) technique. The viral load of the positive samples was determined using Real Time PCR, while the CD4+ count was assayed using Cyflow technique. Four out of the 1000 subjects were confirmed to be positive, thus representing an overall prevalence rate of 0.4%. The CD4 count of the positive subjects were 479/L, 368/L, 420/L and 1063/L. Molecular analysis of the positive subjects’ samples using RT-PCR revealed that the level of viral RNA in two of the subjects’ was too low for detection, while the other two positive subjects had 20 cp/ml and 325 cp/ml of viral RNA in their samples. Analyses of both the negative and positive subjects’ questionnaires were carried out, so as to determine the probable risk-factors that predisposed the positive subjects to infection. Hypotheses tested at p < 0.05 revealed that there was a significant difference in the rate at which the subjects were infected with HIV among the age-groups.
