Contribution of the Neo-Confucianism to the Modern International Law:for its Conception in Europe and for its Acceptance in Japan—Speech before graduate students of Wuhan University,23 October 2009

L.Introduction The topic of my speech today is"Contribution of the Neo-Confucianism to the Modern International Law:for its conception in Europe and for its acceptance in Japan."This is quite a challenging topic,since it is generally believed that the modern international law is exclusively a product of the European civilization based on the European philosophy;and that non-European nations including China and Japan accepted it as a wholly foreign legal system.

Medical artificial intelligence and the black box problem:a view based on the ethical principle of“do no harm”

One concern about the application of medical artificial intelligence(AI)regards the“black box”feature which can only be viewed in terms of itsinputs and outputs,with no way to understand the AI’s algorithm.Thisis problematic because patients,physicians,and even designers,do not understand why or how a treatment recommendation is produced by AI technologies.One view claims that the worry about black-box medicine is unreasonable because AI systems outperform human doctors in identifying the disease.Furthermore,under the medical AI-physicianpatient model,the physician can undertake the responsibility of interpreting the medical AI’s diagnosis.In this study,we focus on the potential harm caused by the unexplainability feature of medical AI and try to show that such possible harm is underestimated.We will seek to contribute to the literature from three aspects.First,we appealed to a thought experiment to show that although the medical AI systems perform better on accuracy,the harm caused by medical AI’s misdiagnoses may be more serious than that caused by human doctors’misdiagnoses in some cases.Second,in patient-centered medicine,physicians were obligated to provide adequate information to their patients in medical decision-making.However,the unexplainability feature of medical AI systems would limit the patient’s autonomy.Last,we tried to illustrate the psychological and financial burdens that may be caused by the unexplainablity feature of medical AI systems,which seems to be ignored by the previous ethical discussions.

Effects of mean-field and softening of equation of state on elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at (~SNN)^(1/2)=5 GeV from the JAM model

We perform a systematic study of elliptic flow（v2） in Au＋Au collisions at √^SNN = 5 GeV by using a microscopic transport model, JAM. The centrality, pseudorapidity, transverse momentum and beam energy dependence of v2 for charged as well as identified hadrons are studied. We investigate the effects of both the hadronic mean-field and the softening of equation of state（EoS） on elliptic flow. The softening of the EoS is realized by imposing attractive orbits in two body scattering, which can reduce the pressure of the system. We found that the softening of the EoS leads to the enhancement of v2, while the hadronic mean-field suppresses v2 relative to the cascade mode. It indicates that elliptic flow at high baryon density regions is highly sensitive to the EoS and the enhancement of v2 may probe the signature of a first-order phase transition in heavy-ion collisions at beam energies of a strong baryon stopping region.

The Developmental Sources of South Korean Neoliberalism

How do South Korea's developmental legacies influence its contemporary political economy?The discourse surrounding this question has tended to diverge over the extent to which South Korea's state-led developmental model has been supplanted by a market-led,neoliberal mode of political-economic organization Though this debate has indeed fostered many important individual contributions,it has also yielded a muddled and ambiguous theoretical landscape.To clarify this cluttered terrain,this paper draws from recent advances in the study of neoliberalism to establish critical points of consonance between statist perspectives on Korean development and neoliberalism To this end,it identifies key threads of continuity binding South Korea's developmental past with its neoliberal present.The paper finds that critical aspects of the developmental state's interaction with society,from coercion to ideological suasion furnished elemental building blocks to those actively constructing a South Korean neoliberalism Thus,exploring these historical contours producesa fresh means for apprehending the interactions of enduring statist developmental legacies with contemporary neoliberal reforms,both theoretically and empirically.As such,this study yields an improved set of conceptual tools for grasping the complex empirical phenomena shaping the interplay of neoliberalism,developmentalism,and democracy within contemporary South Korea.