Background:Maternal mortality is a prevalent issue in healthcare provision worldwide.It is particularly common in developing and underdeveloped countries,where maternal deaths during childbirth or pregnancy occur freq...Background:Maternal mortality is a prevalent issue in healthcare provision worldwide.It is particularly common in developing and underdeveloped countries,where maternal deaths during childbirth or pregnancy occur frequently.Various internal and external factors contribute to the high maternal mortality rate in specific regions.One model,known as the three delays model approach,examines three distinct causes that contribute to this problem.The first delay is the lack of awareness in seeking timely healthcare,the second delay involves obstacles in reaching healthcare facilities on time,and the third delay relates to poor or inadequate healthcare provision in tertiary care facilities.These delays are responsible for the elevated maternal mortality rates,with the prevalence of each delay varying across regions.Objective:The objective of this literature review is to examine and critically evaluate existing literature on perceptions and investigations regarding maternal mortality in Southeast Asia,Europe and Africa,utilizing the three delays model approach as a categorization framework.Method:This literature review followed BEME guide No.3.A total of 18 articles were included in the sample after conducting a thorough search of various databases and search engines.A Prisma flowchart was created,and the articles were critically appraised.Results:A total of 18 articles focusing on different regions were analyzed.The findings revealed that in countries of Southeast Asia,the primary cause of maternal mortality is the first delay,which refers to the lack of awareness in seeking medical care.On the other hand,in Africa and other European countries,the second and third delays are more prominently associated with maternal mortality.Conclusion:Inadequate care is one of the major causes of maternal mortality in majority of regions acrossthe globe.Multiple factors can hinder access to appropriate healthcare.The three delays model plays a significant role in the higher maternal mortality rate.By raising awareness among women and their families about the importance of seeking healthcare,the risk of fatality can be reduced.Similarly,in developing regions,it is crucial to ensure that healthcare facilities are easily accessible and provide high-quality emergency obstetric care to meet the needs of pregnant women in critical situations.展开更多
Background The usage of herbal medicine for health care has gradually expanded because of its safety,effectiveness,cultural acceptance,and lack of negative effects in recent years all around the world.Plants and plant...Background The usage of herbal medicine for health care has gradually expanded because of its safety,effectiveness,cultural acceptance,and lack of negative effects in recent years all around the world.Plants and plant products have been used to heal and prevent illnesses with varying degrees of effectiveness throughout history.The main objective of the study is to evaluate the perception of healthcare professionals about the use of herbal medicines.Methods The study was conducted using a cross-sectional study design.The sample size was 382 participants;however,7 questionnaires were excluded because of invalid data.The 375 questionnaires were included by expert validation from which 77 were General Physicians,75 Pharmacists,74 Nutritionists,74 Nurses and 75 Herbalists.The study settings were hospitals,pharmacies&clinics of Islamabad.The data were analyzed using Chi-square test.Results Out of 375 respondents,54.7%(n=205)were males and 45.3%(n=170)were females.The majority of the respondents used internet 50.9%(n=191)as a source of information while 77.9%of participants consider that herbal medicines are safe because they are natural.Conclusion There was a significant difference seen in the perception of healthcare professionals regarding use of herbal medicines based on demographics.展开更多
文摘Background:Maternal mortality is a prevalent issue in healthcare provision worldwide.It is particularly common in developing and underdeveloped countries,where maternal deaths during childbirth or pregnancy occur frequently.Various internal and external factors contribute to the high maternal mortality rate in specific regions.One model,known as the three delays model approach,examines three distinct causes that contribute to this problem.The first delay is the lack of awareness in seeking timely healthcare,the second delay involves obstacles in reaching healthcare facilities on time,and the third delay relates to poor or inadequate healthcare provision in tertiary care facilities.These delays are responsible for the elevated maternal mortality rates,with the prevalence of each delay varying across regions.Objective:The objective of this literature review is to examine and critically evaluate existing literature on perceptions and investigations regarding maternal mortality in Southeast Asia,Europe and Africa,utilizing the three delays model approach as a categorization framework.Method:This literature review followed BEME guide No.3.A total of 18 articles were included in the sample after conducting a thorough search of various databases and search engines.A Prisma flowchart was created,and the articles were critically appraised.Results:A total of 18 articles focusing on different regions were analyzed.The findings revealed that in countries of Southeast Asia,the primary cause of maternal mortality is the first delay,which refers to the lack of awareness in seeking medical care.On the other hand,in Africa and other European countries,the second and third delays are more prominently associated with maternal mortality.Conclusion:Inadequate care is one of the major causes of maternal mortality in majority of regions acrossthe globe.Multiple factors can hinder access to appropriate healthcare.The three delays model plays a significant role in the higher maternal mortality rate.By raising awareness among women and their families about the importance of seeking healthcare,the risk of fatality can be reduced.Similarly,in developing regions,it is crucial to ensure that healthcare facilities are easily accessible and provide high-quality emergency obstetric care to meet the needs of pregnant women in critical situations.
文摘Background The usage of herbal medicine for health care has gradually expanded because of its safety,effectiveness,cultural acceptance,and lack of negative effects in recent years all around the world.Plants and plant products have been used to heal and prevent illnesses with varying degrees of effectiveness throughout history.The main objective of the study is to evaluate the perception of healthcare professionals about the use of herbal medicines.Methods The study was conducted using a cross-sectional study design.The sample size was 382 participants;however,7 questionnaires were excluded because of invalid data.The 375 questionnaires were included by expert validation from which 77 were General Physicians,75 Pharmacists,74 Nutritionists,74 Nurses and 75 Herbalists.The study settings were hospitals,pharmacies&clinics of Islamabad.The data were analyzed using Chi-square test.Results Out of 375 respondents,54.7%(n=205)were males and 45.3%(n=170)were females.The majority of the respondents used internet 50.9%(n=191)as a source of information while 77.9%of participants consider that herbal medicines are safe because they are natural.Conclusion There was a significant difference seen in the perception of healthcare professionals regarding use of herbal medicines based on demographics.
