The paper suggests that E = mc<sup>2</sup> may be open to misinterpretation and that in this form it is not what Einstein advanced first. It is further suggested to return to the slightly less compact form...The paper suggests that E = mc<sup>2</sup> may be open to misinterpretation and that in this form it is not what Einstein advanced first. It is further suggested to return to the slightly less compact formula E = Kmc<sup>2</sup> where a < K < 1 which has the merit of accounting for the measured ordinary energy density of the cosmos (K = 1/22) and the conjectured missing dark energy density of the universe (K = 21/22) from the view point of economical notation.展开更多
The first part of this paper summarizes relevant literature information, which rationalizes our selection of chemicals. The second part reports some preliminary screening results. We have investigated a wide range of ...The first part of this paper summarizes relevant literature information, which rationalizes our selection of chemicals. The second part reports some preliminary screening results. We have investigated a wide range of reagents, chosen for their different chemistries and divided into seven classes: (1) reducing agents, (2) reduced sulfur compounds, (3) hydrogen donors, (4) antioxidants and radical scavengers, (5) nucleophiles, (6) chelating agents, and (7) oxidizing bleaching agents. It is noted that some chemical reagents fall into more than one class. The obtained results will be discussed with respect to the effectiveness of each class.展开更多
Highly efficient regeneration of natural zeolite was developed in conjunction with the removal of high concentrations of ammonia and potassium from the reverse osmosis effluent of anaerobic-digested wastewater by fixe...Highly efficient regeneration of natural zeolite was developed in conjunction with the removal of high concentrations of ammonia and potassium from the reverse osmosis effluent of anaerobic-digested wastewater by fixed-bed ion exchange.The elution and uptake behavior of ammonium and potassium in the fixed bed were studied.Both batch desorption tests and on-column regeneration were conducted to develop an optimum regeneration condition compatible with the wastewater requirements.The effectiveness of ammonium elution increased with increasing alkaline concentration.The increase of salt dose significantly enhanced the ammonium maximum in the elution solution.Complete ammonium elution was achieved in 6 bed volumes（BV） when the alkaline and salt concentrations were respectively 0.1 mol/L and 18.6 g/L at a flow rate of 2.5-3.0 BV/hr.Due to the higher affinity of potassium with natural clinoptilolite,complete potassium elution was not achieved in all cases.展开更多
文摘The paper suggests that E = mc<sup>2</sup> may be open to misinterpretation and that in this form it is not what Einstein advanced first. It is further suggested to return to the slightly less compact formula E = Kmc<sup>2</sup> where a < K < 1 which has the merit of accounting for the measured ordinary energy density of the cosmos (K = 1/22) and the conjectured missing dark energy density of the universe (K = 21/22) from the view point of economical notation.
文摘The first part of this paper summarizes relevant literature information, which rationalizes our selection of chemicals. The second part reports some preliminary screening results. We have investigated a wide range of reagents, chosen for their different chemistries and divided into seven classes: (1) reducing agents, (2) reduced sulfur compounds, (3) hydrogen donors, (4) antioxidants and radical scavengers, (5) nucleophiles, (6) chelating agents, and (7) oxidizing bleaching agents. It is noted that some chemical reagents fall into more than one class. The obtained results will be discussed with respect to the effectiveness of each class.
基金supported by the IMUS fund provided by the bio-waste utilization group,Alberta Research Council,Canadathe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2009SD-8)
文摘Highly efficient regeneration of natural zeolite was developed in conjunction with the removal of high concentrations of ammonia and potassium from the reverse osmosis effluent of anaerobic-digested wastewater by fixed-bed ion exchange.The elution and uptake behavior of ammonium and potassium in the fixed bed were studied.Both batch desorption tests and on-column regeneration were conducted to develop an optimum regeneration condition compatible with the wastewater requirements.The effectiveness of ammonium elution increased with increasing alkaline concentration.The increase of salt dose significantly enhanced the ammonium maximum in the elution solution.Complete ammonium elution was achieved in 6 bed volumes（BV） when the alkaline and salt concentrations were respectively 0.1 mol/L and 18.6 g/L at a flow rate of 2.5-3.0 BV/hr.Due to the higher affinity of potassium with natural clinoptilolite,complete potassium elution was not achieved in all cases.
