Transplantation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth for bone regeneration in the dog mandibular defect

AIM: To investigate the effect of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth(SHED) transplanted for bone regeneration in the dog mandibular defect.METHODS: In this prospective comparative study, SHEDs had been isolated 5 years ago from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. The undifferentiated stem cells were seeded into mandibular bone through-andthrough defects of 4 dogs. Similar defects in control group were filled with cell-free collagen scaffold. After 12 wk, biopsies were taken and morphometric analysis was performed. The percentage of new bone formation and foreign body reaction were measured in each case. The data were subject to statistical analysis using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskalwalis statistical tests. Differences at P < 0.05 was considered as significant level.RESULTS: There were no significant differences between control and SHED-seeded groups in connective tissue(P = 0.248), woven bone(P = 0.248) and compact bone(P = 0.082). There were not any side effects in transplanted SHED group such as teratoma or malignancy and abnormalities in this period.CONCLUSION: SHEDs which had been isolated and characterized 5 years ago and stored with cryopreservation banking were capable of proliferation and osteogenesis after 5 years, and no immune response was observed after three months of seeded SHEDs.

Comparison the effect of ephedrine and phenylephrine in treatment of hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section

Background and Objective: The effectiveness of ephedrine and/or phenylephrine, in treatment of hypotension secondary to spinal anesthesia for cesarean section and their effects on fetal/neonatal outcome were studied. Methods and Materials: Sixty healthy parturients were randomly assigned to two groups;group E (n = 33) received boluses 5 mg/ml increments ephedrine and group P (n = 27) received a boluses of phnylephrine 100 μg/ml increments for treatment of hypotension after spinal block during cesarean section. Changes in maternal blood pressure and heart rate, and incidence of nausea-vomiting, neonatal Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes of delivery, and umbilical arterial blood gas values were recorded. Results: There were no differences in treatment of hypotension following sympathectomy after spinal block with two drugs. Neonatal outcome was similar in two groups. There were not significant differences in umbilical arterial values in two groups. Conclusion: Ephedrine and phenylephrine are both effective vasopressores for treatment of hypotension associated to spinal block during cesarean section without adverse effects on infants/neonates.

Colonoscopic diagnosis of appendiceal intussusception in a patient with intermittent abdominal pain: A case report

Intussusception of the appendix is a rare condition. Most cases are diagnosed during operation of the patients suspected to have appendicitis. In this report we present a seventy one year-old man with a history of periumbilical intermittent abdominal pain for several months. None of the paraclinical tests were useful for determining the diagnosis. Colonoscopy performed during the last episode of abdominal pain revealed the prolapsed appendix in the cecum and the patient was sent to the operating room. Macroscopic appearance of the appendix was normal and microscopic examination revealed follicular hyperplasia and acute focal appendicitis. Appendiceal intussusception should be considered in differential diagnosis of intermittent abdominal pain and colonoscopic diagnosis could be very important to avoid dangerous or unnecessary decision making.

3 Case Reports of Fulminant Hepatitis A after Karballa Pilgrimage

Introduction: Fulminant hepatitis is a very rare disease that occurs as an acute liver failure within eight weeks of the onset of symptoms following hepatitis A in adults or in patients with a history of chronic hepatitis B or C [1]. Case presentation: There were three cases in this research. The first case was a self-employed male patient aged 26 years from Gaz Borkhar, admitted to Al-Zahral Hospital on January 1, 2016 for fever, chills and vomiting. The second patient was a 20-year-old male athlete from Lenjan and was hospitalized on May 3, 2016 for fever, chills, anorexia, yellowing of the skin, and low consciousness. The third case was a 20-year-old male employee from Isfahan who visited Al-Zahra Hospital for developing nausea, vomiting, and discolored urine, followed by icterus. Conclusion: all patients were young without any underlying disease. Although the disease had a very progressive course leading to coma, all cases fortunately survived through supportive measures and returned to their normal lives.

Adjustment of Preoperative Fasting Guidelines for Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery

Introduction: The typical order of nothing per oral (NPO) after midnight has been challenged in recent years, thus the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) revised in practice guidelines for preoperative fasting in healthy patients undergoing elective procedures, but many studies have showed that guidelines were not considered in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adjustment of preoperative NPO time with fasting guidelines in adult elective ophthalmic surgeries in a university educational ophthalmology hospital in Tabriz, Iran. Methods: In 3 months period, this descriptive study was conducted on 250 patients who scheduled for elective eye surgery. The investigator interviewed with patients before beginning of anesthesia and evaluated fasting duration for heavy meal, light meal and clear liquids and his or her satisfaction from NPO time and also investigated which staff recommended NPO time before anesthesia induction. Results: Fasting duration from heavy and light meal and clear liquids was 14.31 hours (8 - 23 hours), 12.46 hours (6 - 21 hours) and 11.54 hours (3 - 18 hours), respectively, that was not consistent with ASA guidelines. The discontent of the patients from prolonged NPO time was 60.8%. The most complaint was thirsty (42%). Ward nurses were the personnel who had the primary role in patients fasting time period (47.6%). Conclusion: Preoperative fasting duration for heavy and light meal and clear liquids for elective ophthalmic surgery in this teaching hospital was very long and not consistent with ASA guidelines. Ward nurses had the major role in this malpractice. Thus it seems that personnel education may be very helpful.

Neuroimaging of corpus callosum in central nervous system demyelinating disorders

Corpus callosum (CC) is the largest white matter structure in the brain, consisting of 200-250 million contralateral axonal projections. It is the major commissural pathway connecting the hemispheres of human brain. The pathology of CC includes wide variety of entities that arise from different causes such as congenital, inflammatory, tumoral, degenerative, infectious, etc. This study reviews the most reliable neuroimaging data of human CC in central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating diseases to facilitate the understanding of different pathological entities of the CC and their role in anticipation of probable prognostic findings. After a brief description of normal anatomy and functions of CC, this review examines the most valuable findings obtained using conventional and functional magnetic resonance imaging. It also demonstrates the most well organized findings of how CC features influence prognostic factors of demyelinating disorders, which could have a great value for choosing proper therapy methods. The authors also provided a brief review of other demyelinating disorders which are primarily caused by other pathological factors other than autoimmunity. As a conclusion, the authors showed the importance of CC as an critical part of the brain, which should be explored by different methods of imaging, correspondent to clinical evaluation of CNS demyelinating disorder to widen our knowledge on pathology and clinical patterns of such disorders.