Emerging Trends in Social Networking Systems and Generation Gap with Neutrosophic Crisp Soft Mapping

This paper aims to introduce the novel concept of neutrosophic crisp soft set(NCSS),including various types of neutrosophic crisp soft sets(NCSSs)and their fundamental operations.We define NCS-mapping and its inverse NCS-mapping between two NCS-classes.We develop a robust mathematical modeling with the help of NCS-mapping to analyze the emerging trends in social networking systems(SNSs)for our various generations.We investigate the advantages,disadvantages,and natural aspects of SNSs for five generations.With the changing of the generations,it is analyzed that emerging trends and the benefits of SNSs are increasing day by day.The suggested modeling with NCS-mapping is applicable in solving various decision-making problems.

Oxidant/antioxidant balance in the aqueous humor of patients with glaucoma

AIM： To evaluate total antioxidant status （TAS）, total oxidant status （TOS）, and the oxidative stress index （OSI） of the aqueous humor （AH） in patients with glaucoma. METHODS： The prospective study was composed of a study group （n-31） and a control group （n=31）. Fifteen patients in the study group were diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma （POAG）, and 16 patients were diagnosed with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma （PEG）. The control group was composed of non-glaucomatous patients with cataracts. AH samples were collected and analyzed for TAS, TOS, and OSI levels. RESULTS： Mean AH TAS level was significantly higher in patients with glaucoma than that in the control group （P〈0.01）. Mean TOS and OSI levels tended to increase in patients with glaucoma. No significant differences in TAS, TOS, or OSI levels were observed between patients with POAG and PEG. CONCLUSION： High levels of TAS were observed in patients with glaucoma, which was likely a response to the increased oxidative stress observed in these patients.

Are Acute Phase Reactants and CA125 Useful for Pregnancy Prediction in Frozen Embryo Transfer?

Objective: This study assessed blood C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, procalcitonin, and CA125 levels and determined whether they have an effect on pregnancy. Material & Methods: Between Feb. and Sep. 2018, 50 consecutive women who had their first frozen embryo transfer at a tertiary referral IVF center in Turkey were included in the study. Serum samples were collected on the second day of the cycle and on the transfer day. The women were divided into two groups based on the results of pregnancy outcome: pregnant (group 1) and non-pregnant (group 2). Blood CRP, fibrinogen, procalcitonin, and CA125 levels were compared between the groups. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups according to CA125, CRP, fibrinogen, and procalcitonin levels at the beginning of the cycle and on the transfer day. In comparison with levels at the beginning of the cycle and on the transfer day, fibrinogen and CRP were significantly higher on the transfer day than at the beginning of the cycle. Procalcitonin was significantly higher on the transfer day than at the beginning of the cycle in group 1. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the transfer day and the beginning of the cycle in group 2. Conclusions: However, the fibrinogen, CRP and procalcitonin levels were significantly higher on the transfer day than at the beginning of the cycle. The results indicated that acute phase reactants or CA125 should not be used to determine the time of embryo transfer or predict pregnancy.

A Different Method in the Treatment of Placenta Previa:A Comparison of Lower Uterine Segment Transverse Suture Technique and Bakri Balloon Application

Objective: The incidence of placenta previa (PP) has been increasing due to the rise in cesarean rates. The aim of this study is to determine the success of lower uterine segment compression suture and bakri balloon applications in patients diagnosed with placenta previa. Materials and Methods: 257 patients who underwent cesarean section due to placenta previa totalis (PPT) between the years of 2010-2018 in Ondokuz Mayis University were screened retrospectively. The patients were evaluated in four groups according to their treatment method: medical treatment, bakri balloon application, compression suture and hysterectomy. Results: In the study, between the years 2010-2015, postpartum hysterectomy was performed in the cases of adherent placenta previa, and hysterectomy was performed in 33 patients. Between the years of 2015-2018, first, bakri balloon or compression suture was applied;and if bleeding control was not achieved despite these, then, hysterectomy was performed. Between 2015 and 2018, a total of 27 patients underwent compression suture and 1 patient had a hysterectomy after all. The success rate was 96.3% with compression suture and 91.7% for bakri balloon application. Totally, 24 patients were treated with bakri balloon and yet, two patients underwent hysterectomy. When all the cases were examined, complications caused by urinary bladder and ureteral injury were seen in 5.6% of patients, and all of these complications were also seen in hysterectomy patients. Conclusion: Lower uterine segment transverse suture technique and bakri balloon application should be considered as a good alternative to prevent hysterectomy in patients with placenta previa totalis. In addition, they are effective treatment methods that can be used without increasing maternal morbidity.

Adsorptive stripping voltammetric methods for determination of aripiprazole

Anodic behavior of aripiprazole(ARP) was studied using electrochemical methods.Charge transfer,diffusion and surface coverage coefcients of adsorbed molecules and the number of electrons transferred in electrode mechanisms were calculated for quasi-reversible and adsorp-tion-controlled electrochemical oxidation of ARP at 1.15 V versus Ag/AgCl at pH 4.0 in Britton-Robinson buffer(BR) on glassy carbon electrode.Voltammetric methods for direct determination of ARP in pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological samples were developed.Linearity range is found as from 11.4 μM(5.11 mg/L) to 157 μM(70.41 mg/L) without stripping mode and it is found as from 0.221 μM(0.10 mg/L) to 13.6 μM(6.10 mg/L) with stripping mode.Limit of detection(LOD) was found to be 0.11 μM(0.05 mg/L) in stripping voltammetry.Methods were successfully applied to assay the drug in tablets,human serum and human urine with good recoveries between 95.0% and 104.6% with relative standard deviation less than 10%.

Diagnostic and prognostic significance of the lymphocyte/C-reactive protein ratio,neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio,and D-dimer values in patients with COVID-19

In this study,our aim was to examine the diagnostic and prognostic significance of lymphocyte/C-reactiveprotein ratio(LCR),neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and D-dimer parameters in COVID-19 infection.The LCR,NLR,neutrophil count,mean platelet volume(MPV),C-reactive protein(CRP),and D-dimer parameters wereevaluated retrospectively.This was a retrospective cohort study with 1000 COVID-19 positive and 1000 healthycontrol groups,all over the age of 18 years.Odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)values were calculatedfor each parameter found to be statistically significant in the univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.Herein,127(12.7%)of the COVID-19^(+)patients,whose data was included in this study,died.The neutrophil,MPV,CRP,D-dimer,and NLR values were higher in the COVID-19^(+)/deceased group than in the COVID-19^(+)/alive andcontrol groups(p<0.001,p<0.001,p<0.001,p<0.001,p<0.001).The lymphocyte and LCR values were lower inthe COVID-19^(+)/deceased group than in the COVID-19^(+)/alive and control groups(p<0.001,p<0.001).Variableswith statistically significance in predicting COVID-19 infection were lymphocyte,LCR,D-dimer,NLR,CRP,MPV,PLT,and neutrophil values.Statistically significant variables in predicting mortality due to COVID-19 were LCR,CRP,NLR,lymphocyte,D-dimer,neutrophil,and MPV values.A low LCR and high NLR are associated with thepresence,prognosis,and mortality due to COVID-19.LCR and NLR parameters can thus be used in clinicalmonitoring to reduce morbidity and mortality rates.

A Novel Binary Emperor Penguin Optimizer for Feature Selection Tasks

Nowadays,due to the increase in information resources,the number of parameters and complexity of feature vectors increases.Optimizationmethods offermore practical solutions instead of exact solutions for the solution of this problem.The Emperor PenguinOptimizer(EPO)is one of the highest performing meta-heuristic algorithms of recent times that imposed the gathering behavior of emperor penguins.It shows the superiority of its performance over a wide range of optimization problems thanks to its equal chance to each penguin and its fast convergence features.Although traditional EPO overcomes the optimization problems in continuous search space,many problems today shift to the binary search space.Therefore,in this study,using the power of traditional EPO,binary EPO(BEPO)is presented for the effective solution of binary-nature problems.BEPO algorithm uses binary search space instead of searching solutions like conventional EPO algorithm in continuous search space.For this purpose,the sigmoidal functions are preferred in determining the emperor positions.In addition,the boundaries of the search space remain constant by choosing binary operators.BEPO’s performance is evaluated over twenty-nine benchmarking functions.Statistical evaluations are made to reveal the superiority of the BEPO algorithm.In addition,the performance of the BEPO algorithm was evaluated for the binary feature selection problem.The experimental results reveal that the BEPO algorithm outperforms the existing binary meta-heuristic algorithms in both tasks.

On Optimal Ordering of Service Parameters of a Coxian Queueing Model with Three Phases

We analyze a Coxian stochastic queueing model with three phases. The Kolmogorov equations of this model are constructed, and limit probabilities and the stationary probabilities of customer numbers in the system are found. The performance measures of this model are obtained and in addition the optimal order of service parameters is given with a theorem by obtaining the loss probabilities of customers in the system. That is, putting the greatest service parameter at first phase and the second greatest service parameter at second phase and the smallest service parameter at third phase makes the loss probability and means waiting time minimum. We also give the loss probability in terms of mean waiting time in the system. is the transition probability from j-th phase?to??phase . In this manner while and this system turns into queueing model and while the system turns into Cox(2) queueing model. In addition, loss probabilities are graphically given in a 3D graph for corresponding system parameters and phase transient probabilities. Finally it is shown with a numeric example that this theorem holds.

Association of Tetanus-Diphtheria Vaccination during Pregnancy with Preeclampsia

Introduction: The tetanus-diphtheria vaccine administered during pregnancy is used as a toxoid vaccine with an intact antigen structure. In this study, we investigated the association of tetanus-diphtheria vaccination (TDV) during pregnancy with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes and particularly preeclampsia that may occur during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: From the patients who presented to our clinic between 01.01.2016 and 31.12.2016 and underwent a cesarean section, a total of 435 patients, 327 who received TDV and 108 who did not receive TDV, were included in the study. The groups were compared with respect to their demographic characteristics. The patient data on the gestational week, birth weight, normal newborn, preeclampsia, small for gestational age (SGA), early membrane rupture, preterm labor, diabetic mother’s baby, prematurity, temporary neonatal tachypnea, newborn’s need for intensive care, and neonatal mortality were recorded. Results: While 14.7% of the women who had been administered TDV had preeclampsia diagnosis during their pregnancy, 12% of those who had not been vaccinated were diagnosed with preeclampsia. This showed no significant correlation between having been vaccinated during pregnancy and preeclampsia (p = 0.474). The other outcomes we had specified had also no statistically significant correlations with vaccination during pregnancy. Having been vaccinated during pregnancy was found correlated only with the place of residence and nulliparity (p = 0.004 and p = 0.002, respectively). Conclusion: No correlation was found in the study between TDV during pregnancy and preeclampsia. According to the data obtained from this study, vaccination was found to have no negative effect on preeclampsia or the other outcomes.

Antioxidant Supplement Improves the Pregnancy Rate in Patients Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization for Unexplained Infertility

Objective: This is a retrospective study to evaluate the effect of using the antioxidants containing coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and omega-3 in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI) for unexplained infertility. Materials Methods: A total of 299 patients undergoing IVF-ICSI for unexplained infertility at the IVF center of Ondokuz Mayis University were studied. The subject group consisted of 135 patients who used OMEPA Q10 (Co Q10 100 mg, omega-3 600 mg, eicosapentaenoic acid 300 mg, docosahexaenoic acid 230 mg) for two months before ovarian stimulation. A group of 164 patients who did not use the supplement were evaluated as the control group. Results: The pregnancy rate of patients using antioxidants was statistically higher than that of those who did not use the supplement (p 0.05). The pregnancy rates of patients in the two groups were 32.9% and 49.6% respectively. The pregnancy rate of patients using antioxidants was statistically higher than that of those who did not use the supplement (p 0.05) seemed not enough. Conclusion: We concluded that using antioxidants that contain Co Q10 and omega-3 in patients undergoing IVF-ICSI for unexplained infertility increased the clinical pregnancy rate. We recommend using antioxidants that contain Co Q10 and omega-3 in infertile patients.

Role of serological rapid antibody test in the management of possible COVID-19 cases

Although the detection of viral particles by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)is the gold standard diagnostic test for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),the false-negative results constitute a big challenge.AIM To examine a group of patients diagnosed and treated as possible COVID-19 pneumonia whose multiple nasopharyngeal swab samples were negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)by RT-PCR but then serological immunoglobulin M/immunoglobulin G(IgM/IgG)antibody against SARS-CoV-2 were detected by rapid antibody test.METHODS Eighty possible COVID-19 patients who had at least two negative consecutive COVID-19 RT-PCR test and were subjected to serological rapid antibody test were evaluated in this study.RESULTS The specific serological total IgM/IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 was detected in twenty-two patients.The mean age of this patient group was 63.2±13.1-yearsold with a male/female ratio of 11/11.Cough was the most common symptom(90.9%).The most common presenting chest computed tomography findings were bilateral ground glass opacities(77.2%)and alveolar consolidations(50.1%).The mean duration of time from appearance of first symptoms to hospital admission,to hospital admission,to treatment duration and to serological positivity were 8.6 d,11.2 d,7.9 d,and 24 d,respectively.Compared with reference laboratory values,serologically positive patients have shown increased levels of acute phase reactants,such as C-reactive protein,ferritin,and procalcitonin and higher inflammatory markers,such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate,lactate dehydrogenase enzyme,and fibrin end-products,such as D-dimer.A left shift on white blood cell differential was observed with increased neutrophil counts and decreased lymphocytes.CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated the feasibility of a COVID-19 diagnosis based on rapid antibody test in the cases of patients whose RT-PCR samples were negative.Detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with rapid antibody test should be included in the diagnostic algorithm in patients with possible COVID-19 pneumonia.

Assessing the publication output in the field of forensic science and legal medicine using Web of Science database from 2011 to 2020

The aim of this study was threefold.First,it analyzed the characteristics of the publication outputs for the Legal Medicine(LM)category using the Web of Science(WoS)database during 2011-2020.Second,it discussed the distribution of the papers for the 25 most productive countries/regions in terms of quality and quantity,such as the h-index and GDP per capita.Finally,it investigated the trend and temporal stability of the journal impact factor(JIF)and determined the percentage of the journal self-citations.The findings suggested that the number of papers,the average number of pages of the papers,the average number of cited references in the papers,the average number of authors per paper,the percentage of open access papers,as well as international and domestic collaboration tended to increase regularly.However,the productivity was limited when compared to the whole WoS database,since there was no significant change in the number of the journals.The countries/regions with the highest number of publications were not those that made the most impact in terms of the widespread impact of the publications.The level of international cooperation and the funding for the research had dramatic impact on the visibility of papers.The average JIF has increased significantly while the journal self-citation rates have decreased in a similar way.The journals have had very stable(have not fluctuated)impact factors over time.During the period studied,the journals with the higher impact factors(Q1,Q2)published many more papers than journals with the lower impact factors(Q3,Q4).