An Introduction to Architecture of Nasir Al-Mulk Mosque

In analazying the form in architectural monuments or in a more comprehensive way, study of the monuments itself is one of the most fundamental and most important aspects of architecture that has several benefits and effects. One of the benefits of recognizing the shape of different building architecture is the categorization of architecture into different historical periods that can help us better understand the process of historical architectural developments in the past. Among the architectural monuments of Iran, Nasir al-Mulk Mosque in Shiraz which is a Qajar Mosque is one of the most important Mosques in Shiraz which is less focused in the previous studies. This article, which is mainly based on empirical research and field studies, was conducted for studying the architecture of the mosque and analyzing and explaining the most important architectural features of this monument. The main questions of this article are the following: 1) What are the most basic architectural features of Nasir al-Mulk Mosque and how different parts are organized and built next to each other? 2) What choices and opting out of the architectural design of the building have been carried out? To find the best answers to these questions, first we analyzed the structure and overall fitness of the Mosque and its characteristics had been enumerated. Then, we introduced and analyze the main sectors that make up the corpus such as the mosque entrance, courtyard, naves and porches, in which the form and structure of each of these sectors as well as their consort with each other in shaping the overall architecture of the mosque, are analyzed and discussed. The summary of the findings in the form of empirical statements is presented at the end of the article.

Towards Smart, Sustainable, Accessible and Inclusive City for Persons with Disability by Taking into Account Checklists Tools

The main characteristics of potential smart cities in the future, smart citizens, smart energy, smart buildings, smart mobility, smart technology, smart healthcare, smart infrastructure, smart governance and education, and finally smart security are the aspects of smart cities. In the smart city, smart accessible infrastructure creates an inclusive environment for people with disabilities, in which they can integrate into the community and enjoy their civil, cultural, political, social and economic rights and entitlements. The aim of this study is to integrate disabled people into society so that they can actively participate in society and lead to a normal life. An integrated approach is needed to ensure that people with disabilities are not left alone. A combination of mainstreaming and targeted action is required for all interventions. People with disabilities have the same basic needs as everyone else: health protection and treatment, basic services, housing and income. Targeted intervention measures need to complement disability mainstreaming by addressing specific needs identified by general responses, including such interventions need not add materially to the overall cost, especially if the requirements of the maximum number of users are considered in the initial planning. This paper recommends how we can use an appropriate design checklist as a guide for our initial architectural concept and smart city planning to facilities reasonably accessible for people with disabilities in private and public buildings, making our cities smarter and more inclusive and helping to improve the quality of life for all people, especially people with disabilities.

Adoption of, the Palestine Green Building Design Approach, with the Help of Checklist Tools

Nowadays our world is faced with various environmental problems. These environmental problems are caused by the increasing pollution in the world, increasing production and consumption of material goods. These problems have serious consequences for human health and also have a major impact on natural ecosystems. This paper discussed sustainable green building in terms of key principles for sustainable building, strategies and guidelines for sustainable green building, and steps for an integrated approach to green design. The study also looked at the status of green building and sustainability, as well as green building materials in Palestine. The study suggested a checklist to help assess the condition of buildings in Palestine and the extent to which they respond to the principles of sustainable green buildings, thus, contributing to help new and existing buildings to adopt a sustainable green building approach, in order to achieve the goals of sustainable green construction in terms of saving energy and resources and reducing waste, therefore, participating in preserving the environment and improving the quality of life.

Design and science:Content analysis of published peer-reviewed research over the last four decades

The relationship between design and science in architecture continually receives attention from scholars,but to our knowledge,no substantial and systematic literature reviews have been undertaken to generate insights into how the relationship between the two has developed in recent times.As most of the related debate remains theoretical,this paper presents evidence acquired through content analysis of selected 782 peer-reviewed papers published in the last four decades,a period in which design requirements continue to grow in complexity and research efforts increasingly concentrate on design methods.In response,this study departs from the two keywords,architectural science and building science,and develops search strings to support examination of the relationship between science and architectural design since the 1980s,when research that addresses the building environment started to intensify.The analysis employs tools based on machine learning algorithms for text analytics in combination with traditional content analysis methods.The presented research method is fully replicable and stands as one of the contributions of this study.The findings capture the expansion of the research context concerned with the built environment through a careful selection of defining terms,and generate an informed discussion on how the role of science in the architectural design process has changed.

Heritage and the COVID-19 pandemic:the meaning of visitation

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted global mobility.‘Lockdowns’and travel bans have been used as control measures by international governments.Consequently,the ways that we use buildings have also been impacted by these actions.Thus,this paper explores the roles of heritage sites in a post-COVID-19 pandemic society.This research is part of the Urban Heritage and Community Resilience:Conservation,Tourism,and Pandemic project,and it employs methods such as semistructured interviews,participant observations,archival research,and focus group discussions(FGDs).This paper is based on semistructured interviews conducted with one hundred eighteen participants across ten popular heritage sites in Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar,Indonesia.The fndings confrm the debated claim in postdisaster studies asserting that some of these Acehnese heritage sites,especially those imbued with religious values,have become places of resilience.Specifcally,during the pandemic,these sites have facilitated community resilience by helping people feel closer to God.For practising Acehnese Muslims,prayer at home is culturally acceptable,but praying at the mosque,which is one of the essential heritages of the Acehnese,has contributed to and strengthened the sense of community resilience.Therefore,visitation and participation in heritage sites that include experiencing the sense of place and conducting religious and cultural activities is integral to community resilience.