Simulation of Propagation Loss Models and Antenna Designs for Naval Troposcatter and Tropospheric Duct Communications

Tropospheric Scattering(Troposcatter) and Tropospheric Ducting are two different mechanisms due to in-homogenoueties in the lower part of the Earths atmosphere.Their common influence in propagation of microwaves is studied here in order to achieve a feasible naval communication system.Although not new,Troposcatter together with Tropospheric Ducting communications are regaining popularity in current military and civil applications such as isolated islands and oil extraction facilities in the open sea.The innovation proposed here is the application of such systems in naval communications where at least one of the stations is mobile.Several propagation together with fading models are simulated using appropriate programs and scientific simulation packets in order to predict maximum range of such communication systems in each dominant mode of operation.Then appropriate antenna design proposals are given to overcome the high propagation loss and minimize possible interferences.