Circadian Rhythm of Root＇s Apical Meristem Mitosis Cells of Soybean

The circadian rhythms of apical meristem mitosis cells of the two types of soybean were investigated： wild soybeans - Glycine max （L.） Merr. （G. hispida Max.）, G. soja Sieb., and Zucc （G, ussuriensis Reg. and Maack）; and the hybrids of their homozygous forms （F6）. Representatives of the initial kinds and interspecific hybrids for reproduction were grown up in comparable conditions. Seeds of a soybean were grown up at 24℃ in Petri cups in thermostat in darkness during winter. For research of mitotic meristem cages activity the tips of roots were fixed temporal by acetoalcohol （fractional fixing） from 1 p.m. till 12 a.m., further up to 12 p.m. each 60 minutes. Acetokarmin was used for preparing the coloring. For researching of mitotic indexes, there have been analyzed from 6 up to 10 thousand cells at each stage （during each moment of time： 01 hour, 02, 03 06 ... 12, 13 ... 18 hours and further）. Within a day （day ＋ night） in cells of root apical meristem, three mitosis ＂waves＂ in each of the investigated forms with an absolute starting point of rest at 12 p.m., with precisely expressed further periodicity were found out. Each of the investigated forms misses in character of wave processes, on a degree of increase and recession of mitosis waves, on the level of mitotic indexes. Maximal mitotic activity at all the investigated forms is noted at 6 and 12 a.m. and 6 p.m.

The history and future of the biological resources of the Caspian and the Aral Seas

The term ‘biological resources' here means a set of organisms that can be used by man directly or indirectly for consumption. They are involved in economic activities and represent an important part of a country's raw material potential. Many other organisms are also subject to rational use and protection. They can be associated with true resource species through interspecific relationships. The Caspian and Aral Seas are continental water bodies, giant saline lakes. Both categories of species are represented in the benthic and pelagic communities of the Caspian and Aral Seas and are involved in human economic activities. The most important biological resource of the Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea is their ichthyofauna, represented by both aboriginal species and species introduced by man in the 20 th century. Among invertebrates, the main biological resource of these saline lakes is the brine shrimp A rtemia. The physical state of the Caspian as a water body is relatively stable but its biological resources are very seriously af fected by irrational use. The Aral Sea since the second half of the 20 t h century has experienced catastrophic anthropogenic regression, which has led to the almost complete loss of its biological resources due to salinization. However, thanks to efficacious engineering measures, it has now become possible to preserve its northern part(Small Aral) and rehabilitate it, lowering the salinity to its former state. The result has been the restoration of its fish biological resources. In the southern part of Aral(Large Aral), which turned into a group of separated hypersaline reservoirs, the only resource species currently available is the brine shrimp A rtemia. The main environmental threats for biological resources of the future Caspian and Aral as well as potential solutions are considered.

CIED implantation in elderly patients： a single-center experience

Thanks to the development of new medical technologies and improvement in medical care the last decades are characterized by the growth of elderly＇s number. The median age of the world＇s population is increasing because of a decline in birth rates and a 20-year increase in the average life span during the second half of the 20th century.

Inheritance of the Anatomy--Morphological Structure of the Stalk by Interspecific Hybrids of the Glycine L.

The research focuses on the study of anatomical and morphological stalk structure ofsoya interspecific hybrids of the third generation （F3） between （Glycine max （L.） Merr.） and G. soja Sieb. et Zucc. in comparison with parent plant species. The parent plant species and interspecific hybrids were sowed and grew under similar conditions. The similarity of the anatomic structure of stalks of cultivated plants and Glycine soja （wild soya） proves the hypothesis the studied species have the same origin. However, the obtained results show the considerable degree of phylogenetic dissociation between the studied soya species. Interspecific hybrids inherit from G. soja the ability to high intensive growth. The G. soja use in practical selective breeding is of great interest.

Antioxidant Properties and Chemical Composition Relationship of Europeans and Brazilians Propolis

The antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of propolis, bee glue, of various climate and orographic characteristics, collected from Italy, Brazil and Russia, was evaluated measuring their inhibitory action on peroxidation of linoleic acid, radical scavenging ability towards 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, total phenolic content and reducing capacity by enzymatic and Folin method respectively. Propolis samples were chemically characterized by HPLC-MS/MS in order to find a possible correlation between antioxidant activity and polyphenols composition and quantification. The results obtained indicate that Italian and Russian propolis samples have similar polyphenolic composition and, as a consequence, almost similar antioxidant activity, while Brazilian propolis evidence lower polyphenolic and antioxidant characteristics. Climate and orography reasons of these differences are also suggested.

An international guideline with six personalised titration schedules for preventing myocarditis and pneumonia associated with clozapine

White blood cell(WBC)monitoring has reduced clozapinetreated patient deaths associated with agranulocytosis to a rarity.However,clozapine protocols and package inserts worldwide provide no instructions for preventing myocarditis or pneumonia during clozapine titrations.Prescribers worldwide are largely unaware of that.Meanwhile,as they worry about agranulocytosis,their clozapine-treated patients are at risk of dying from pneumonia or myocarditis.Consequently,an international guideline with 104 authors from 50 countries/regions was recently published to provide personalised clozapine titration schedules for adult inpatients.This forum article reviews pneumonia and myocarditis occurring during clozapine titration,as well as the three most innovative aspects of this new guideline:(1)personalised titration,(2)C reactive protein(CRP)measures,and(3)dose predictions based on blood levels.Clozapine metabolism is influenced by 3 levels of complexity:(1)ancestry groups,(2)sex-smoking subgroups,and(3)presence/absence of poor metabolizer status.These 3 groups of variables should determine the maintenance dose and speed of clozapine titration;they are summarised in a table in the full-text.The international clozapine titration guideline recommends measuring CRP levels simultaneously with WBC,at baseline and weekly at least for the first 4 weeks of titration,the highest risk period for clozapine-induced myocarditis.