Epidemiology of pediculosis capitis among schoolchildren in the eastern area of Bangkok,Thailand

Objective:To determine the prevalence of infestation with head lice in primary schoolchildren in the eastern area of Bangkok,Thailand.Methods:The present study was to determine the head lice infestation(Pediculosis) levels in primary schoolchildren,during May,2011 to July, 2011,A total of 3747 schoolchildren aged 5-12 years old from 12 selected primary school of Ladkrabang district,the eastern area of Bangkok were examined for head lice.Pediculosis was defined as the presence of at least on living adult,nymph and viable egg.Results:The overall head lice infestation rate was 23.32%and infestation rate was higher in girls(47.12%) than in boys(0%).The infestation rate among schoolchildren varied from 12.62%to 29.76%.The infestation rate among girls varied from 26.07%(12 years old group) to 55.89%(8 years old group).Conclusions: Pediculosis is a common public healtli problem affecting primary schoolchildren in eastern area of Bangkok and those levels are epidemic importance.

An environmental approach for used oil management in Asian cities: a Bangkok's experience

This paper addresses increasing concern about the pollution threat of used oil being illegally dumped and the impact of oil on air pollution and freshwater ecosystems in Asian countries. Used oil is a very serious waste management problem. These results call for management action such as maximising the collection and recovery of used oil. The Thai government recognizes the need to recycle used oil and has been active in encouraging programs to accomplish this goal. Thus unless new approaches and incentives are developed, used oil generation may become an increasing serious problem to our environment. The purpose of this study is to examine the technical and economic feasibility, of recycling used oils. In addition, this paper briefly discusses the problems to be overcome and outlines potential mechanisms for providing the necessary disposal controls in order to maximize the protection to public health and environmental quality from potential hazards posed by used lube oil disposal.

Investigating Users’Perspectives of Coworking Space:Cases of Bangkok CBD

investment of this type of business is not complex.Hence,the survival of this type of business is not easily guaranteed because of not only high competitiveness but also unclear information from the user side.Entrepreneurs of coworking spaces need to understand the characteristics and perspectives of users which may differ in various regions and cultures.This research investigated the users of coworking spaces in terms of their characteristics,behaviors,and perspectives.The scope focused on coworking spaces locating on or closed to the mass train transit stations of CBD Bangkok.The research applied quantitative approach through questionnaire surveys with 300 respondents during November,2017.There are many interesting results found from the analysis and somehow differ from past studies.The majority of respondents were younger than 25 years old who were students.However,a quarter of those were“Corporate Employee”.Coffee shop was the top place to work outside own office,seconded by coworking spaces.The behaviors of the majority of the respondents included:80%visited coworking spaces at least one a week and almost half visited 3-4 times a week;they spent at least three hours per visit and about 15%spent longer than six hours.The perspectives of most respondents were used coworking spaces to increase productivity and chose a place based on location.The results call for further analysis and studies.

Prevalence of ocular demodicosis among patients at Tertiary Care Center,Bangkok,Thailand

AIM： To determine the prevalence of ocular demodicosis by both microscopic examination and molecular detection among patients at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok.METHODS： One hundred individuals were enrolled in the study and were divided into five age groups. The meibomian gland dysfunction （MGD） score and qualities of cylindrical dandruff （CD） were also determined. Demodex mite infestations of eyelash samples were screened by both microscopic examination and semi-nested polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. RESULTS： The prevalence of ocular demodicosis as determined by microscopic examination was 42% [Demodex folliculorum （D. folliculorum） 41% and Demodex brevis （D. brevis） 1%]. Among patients who had ocular Demodex infestation, 69% have CD and had an average MGD score of 4; in patients without demodicosis, 15.5% had CD and had an average MGD score of 4.12. Prevalence of ocular demodicosis as determined by semi-nested PCR was 79% （D. folliculorum 78% and D. brevis 1%）.CONCLUSION： This is the first report on the prevalence of ocular demodicosis in Thailand. Patients with CD also had Demodex mites present. Semi-nested PCR is better than microscopy for Demodex infestation detection. An extensive survey with more representative samples is required to determine the prevalence in the country.

Benzene and lead exposure assessment among occupational bus drivers in Bangkok traffic

Four environmental and biological monitoring sites were strategically established to evaluate benzene and lead exposure assessment at various traffic zones of Bangkok Metropolitan Region(BMR). Biological measurement of 48 non air-conditioned, male bus drivers was carried to study the relationship between individual exposure levels and exposure biomarkers. The study group was further sub-divided into four age groups(16—25, 26—35, 36—45 and 46—55 years old) to monitor the age—related exposure effects. A total of 12 unexposed persons were deliberately chosen as the control group. Measurement of unmetobolized benzene in blood and analysis of urinary tt-Muconic acid urine and urinary creatinine are recommended as biomarkers of benzene exposure. Measurement of lead in blood and urine is also recommended for the biological monitoring of lead exposure. During the monitoring period, benzene and lead levels at Yaowarat Road was C_6H_6: 42.46±3.88 μg/m 3, Pb: 0.29±0.03 μg/m 3 and decreased to C_6H_6: 33.5±1.35 μg/m 3, Pb: 0.13±0.01 μg/m 3 at Phahonyothin Road. Significant difference was established between the nonsmoking exposed group and nonsmoking control group for blood benzene concentrations ( P <0.001, two-tailed, Mann-Whiteney U test). Strong correlations were also found between trans-trans-Muconic acid concentrations in post shift samples and atmospheric benzene concentrations. Similarly, good correlation between all of biomarkers and lead level in air is established from automobile emissions.The analysis revealed that among the occupational population in the urban sites, the driver groups were found to have the highest risk of benzene and lead exposures derived from automobile emission.

A Study of Compressive, Flexural, Heat Humidity and Heat Transfer of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Mixed Polypropylene Fiber under Climate of Bangkok

This paper presents the experimental results of study on mechanical properties, heat and humidity transfer through AAC （autoclaved aerated concrete） mixed with PP （polypropylene fiber）. The performance of AAC-PP is investigated in terms of compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, porosity, heat and humidity capacity. The results are compared with control specimen made of autoclaved aerated concrete only （Non-AAC-PP）. Results showed that ultimate compressive strength, flexural strength and splitting tensile strength can be obtained when the content of polypropylene fiber added at 0.75% by volume while porosity of specimens rapidly decreased when content of fiber addition increased above 1% of its volume. Additional, a comparison study of heat and humidity transfer properties on AAC-PP walls showed that the AAC-PP house had lower indoor air and moisture content than （Non-AAC-PP） house. Therefore, addition PP fiber on AAC increased mechanical properties, enhanced hygrothermal performance and reducing moisture content under tropical climate of Bangkok.

INNOVATION IN BANGKOK CAS-ICC Bangkok provides a platform for technological cooperation and transfer with Southeast Asia

At the end of 2016,the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Innovation Cooperation Center(Bangkok)was officially established in Bangkok,Thailand,marking the CAS'first registration of a representative non-profit institution as an independent legal entity overseas.The CAS Innovation Cooperation Center(Bangkok),or CAS-ICC Bangkok,aims to facilitate interconnected innovation both in the domestic and international environment.Headquartered in Thailand,the center targets ASEAN for technology transfer as well as application and commercialization of technological achievements.It provides services for countries and regions along the Belt and Road as they pursue technological innovations.CAS-ICC Bangkok now serves as a reliable,sustainable and multidimensional platform for the CAS and numerous government departments,technological and educational organizations and companies.It enables them to cooperate with ASEAN countries and promote the Belt and Road Initiative.The center has also become a one-stop service platform for China and the ASEAN to conduct exchange and cooperation in technological innovation.

The Thai GoodWalk Index and the Thai Walkability Index:their application to urban regeneration exemplified by a historic riverside neighbourhood in Bangkok,Thailand

The urban heritage regeneration strategy through walkability is widely accepted.However,in the context of a developing country,the tools to measure walkability,which are crucial for urban planning and development,still need to be improved.This article investigates ways to revitalise a run-down historic riverside area in Bangkok.It develops two indices,the Thai GoodWalk Index(TGWI)and the Thai Walkability Index(TWI).A hybrid of both indices is based on geospatial techniques and technology to optimise problem analysis processes,create problem-solving options,enhance spatial site selection decision capabilities,and assist urban planners in carrying out spatial scenario planning processes.It demonstrates how the GoodWalk Index has been employed to plan and prioritise urban development projects.This is exemplified by the Master Plan for the Regeneration of Kadeejeen-Klongsan,a historic riverside neighbourhood in Bangkok with limitations in density,functional mix of spaces,and access networks,especially in riverfront areas.The TGWI and TWI can be applied to the regeneration of other historic districts throughout Thailand.

Ordinary Urban Heritage of Rattanakosin: Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods of the historic center of Bangkok

This paper discussed the selection criteria for Ordinary Urban Heritage (OUH) in Rattanakosin, the historic center of Bangkok through the case of ordinary restaurants and everyday foods. The OUH stands for an alternative approach to heritage understanding and conservation, derived from the notion of ordinary heritage, vernacular heritage, and urban heritage emphasizing the heritages of the everydayness of ordinary people. The OUHs have co-existed and inherited through the evolution of the city but are overlooked by the official conservation process. Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods were selected by 5 criteria, 1) appeared for more than 50 years;2) created, developed, and used by ordinary people;3) found as the clusters;4) able to be adapted to the urban context;5) exist until the present day.The methodology applied to the analysis of the historical documents and Bangkok maps from 1887 to 1974, and the selection criteria developed from past research in another old commercial district of Bangkok were also reinvestigated with observational surveys. Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods are the outcomes representing the heritage of everyday life of ordinary people that are ubiquitously related to commercial activities.

Improvements in rainfall estimation over Bangkok,Thailand by merging satellite,radar,and gauge rainfall datasets with the geostatistical method

Bangkok is located in a low land area,and floods frequently occur from rainfall,river discharge,and tides.High-accuracy rainfall data are needed to achieve high-accuracy flood predictions from hydrological models.The main objective of this study is to establish a method that improves the accuracy of precipitation estimates by merging rainfall from three sources:an infrared channel from the Himawari-8 satellite,rain gauges,and ground-based radar observations.This study applied cloud classification and bias correction using rain gauges to discriminate these errors.The bias factors were interpolated using the ordinary kriging(OK)method to fill in the areas of estimated rainfall where no rain gauge was available.The results show that bias correction improved the accuracy of radar and Himawari-8 rainfall estimates before their combination.The merged algorithm was then adopted to produce hourly merged rainfall products(GSR).Compared to the initial estimated product,the GSR is significantly more accurate.The merging algorithm increases the spatial resolution and quality of rainfall estimates and is simple to use.Furthermore,these findings not only reveal the potential and limitations of the merged algorithm but also provide useful information for future retrieval algorithm enhancement.

呵叻高原钾盐矿床空间分布特征与成因及其对钾盐异常富集的影响

呵叻高原钾盐矿床是超大型固体钾盐矿床,其钾盐空间分布特征和钾盐异常富集规律至今仍不明晰,这是该钾盐矿床成矿系统的关键科学问题。本文基于该矿床447口钻孔岩芯资料,对三个沉积旋回的盐岩和碎屑层进行系统划分,对不同岩层的空间沉积厚度及埋深进行重建,主要得到以下认识:三个沉积旋回空间分布范围不同,且呈由东向西增厚趋势,钾镁盐主要集中于西部,且局部空间钾盐异常富集,其厚度明显大于下伏岩盐;盆地形态、晶间卤水迁移、区域构造挤压、重力差异载荷及盐岩自身浮力等相互作用可能是造成局部空间钾盐异常增厚的主要控制因素;钾盐局部异常富集,而非钾盐体积的绝对增加,是该矿床的显著特征之一。本研究对该矿床成矿规律的深入理解和后续勘探开发及资源评估具有重要指导意义。

基于无线传播环境的无蜂窝大规模MIMO系统接入点部署优化

无蜂窝大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)系统通过在覆盖区域内部署大量的接入点(AP),可以为用户提供均匀、可靠的服务。传统的无蜂窝大规模MIMO系统采用随机部署,未考虑AP周围的路径损耗、阴影衰落散射物以及环境遮挡对覆盖质量的影响。为了考虑实际环境下无蜂窝大规模MIMO能实现均匀、一致的覆盖,提出了基于无线传播环境的AP部署方案。首先,通过混合概率路径损耗模型对无线传播环境进行表征,其次构建了以最大化平均吞吐量为目标的AP部署优化问题,最后将问题转化为马尔可夫博弈过程,并且基于多智能体深度确定性策略梯度(MADDPG)算法得出最优的AP部署策略。仿真结果表明,相比于传统的随机部署和现有AP部署策略,所提方案可明显改善复杂环境下的非均匀覆盖问题,为用户提供良好一致的均匀覆盖。

Ezrin蛋白在幽门螺杆菌感染的结节性胃炎中的研究进展

ERM蛋白家族(包括ezrin、radixin、moesin)在细胞形态、迁移和信号转导中发挥着至关重要的作用。Ezrin是ERM蛋白家族的成员之一,是幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori)感染宿主所致细胞毒性的重要介质,通过ezrin磷酸化可以调节其与肌动蛋白细胞骨架的相互作用,进而对细胞形态产生显著影响。本文综述了ezrin蛋白在H.pylori感染引发的结节性胃炎中的重要性,探讨了ezrin蛋白的结构及其功能、信号通路及磷酸化与结节性胃炎的关系,为以ezrin蛋白作为潜在的治疗靶点对结节性胃炎的防治提供新思路。

“要素-系统”视角下西部高校本科生培养问题探究

西部高校本科生培养是振兴西部高等教育、提升西部教育水平的关键一环,也是全国高等教育高质量发展的重要内容和应有之义。当前西部高校本科生培养工作面临诸多问题,从西部高校自身来看,主要有专业设置不够合理、师资队伍力量不强、学科特色尚不显著等;从西部高校与社会互动关系来看,主要体现在高校发展与经济发展耦合有限、高校发展受“西部意识”制约等。基于“要素-系统”哲学范畴,研究提出西部高校本科生培养应遵循“对外加强教育支持,对内优化高教系统,培养出色本科生”的协同发展思路。

试论经典说明文的教育策略

经典说明文,指的是以解说实物、知悉风景、讲明事理等为特定对象来了解客观实情、分析因果关系、揭示内在规律的一种文体。这种文体不但具有阐释的客观性,而且具有探寻的精准性和行文的平实性。因而要求施教者必须以文章学为统领,引导受教者既要把握经典说明文的实物性、景观性、事理性等基本类型,又要把握其纵向式、横向式、交错式等大体结构,还要把握说明、叙述、描写等表达技巧,更要把握其周到严密、简明扼要、通俗易懂等出色语言。只有这样,才能促使他们成为“求真”“向善”“崇美”的创造性的人才和具有“健全的人格”,并进入“人的发展和完整性建构”的全新境域。

基于改进区间直觉模糊多属性群决策的在线知识付费产品评价方法研究

针对在线知识付费产品评价与优选问题,从知识付费产品和知识生产者两个维度设计评价属性,提出一种改进的区间直觉模糊多属性群决策方法。首先,考虑决策者的专业性,确定每一属性的决策者权重;其次,构建一种基于信息和知识交流的共识达成模型,使关键性决策信息和知识不会被修改;然后,为了更准确地刻画决策者的心理偏好,提出一种改进前景理论的价值函数;最后,利用一个案例研究,验证了所提方法的有效性,并通过与现有决策方法的对比分析,证实了所提方法的创新性。本研究不仅能从产品质量评价视角为研究在线知识付费产品提供新的研究思路,还能帮助在线知识付费平台评价在线知识付费产品,进而督促知识生产者提高产品质量。

基于OBE的燃料电池专业课程设计与实践

燃料电池课程的任务主要是使学生通过系统性学习,对燃料电池有较为全面的了解,以及掌握工作原理、电池构造、材料体系等,培养具有扎实基础且具有创新性的人才。目前,燃料电池课程的教学内容脱离行业的发展,教学方式局限于课堂教学,教学评价流于形式。引入成果导向教育(OBE)理念,对燃料电池课程的内容进行改进和实践,对效果进行科学评价与总结,以期培养复合型人才。

泰国暖颂钾盐矿床粗粒岩盐沉积特征及其成因研究

老挝-泰国呵叻高原钾盐矿床储量大、品位高、易开发,粗粒岩盐在该钾盐矿床中普遍发育,其对水成盐转化、水体掺杂过程、钾盐富集演化等沉积环境具有重要的指示作用,然而,关于其成因至今仍未有详细报道。利用岩石学、显微岩相学和沉积学方法对呵叻高原西南部暖颂县钾盐矿床钻孔岩芯第一沉积旋回粗粒岩盐的成因进行了研究,得到如下结论:(1)粗粒岩盐主要有3种成因,浅水环境中蒸发浓缩阶段原生生长,浅水环境中干盐湖阶段胶结生长,埋藏环境中孔隙卤水重结晶生长;(2)根据粗粒岩盐的成因、沉积规律和钻孔岩性特征可将马哈萨拉堪组下盐层沉积演化划为5个沉积阶段:岩盐沉积稳定阶段、岩盐沉积过渡阶段、光卤石沉积初期阶段、光卤石沉积稳定阶段和次生岩盐沉积阶段;(3)研究区钾盐矿床整体的沉积环境为浅水。粗粒岩盐在矿层中的赋存特征、成因以及与其它岩相的组合特征共同表明了钾盐在沉积过程受到了不同程度的淡水稀释和埋藏后的改造作用。

不同表观温度水平下大气细颗粒物暴露对人群非意外死亡的影响

目的:评估空气动力学直径≤2.5μm的大气细颗粒物(particulate matter, PM_(2.5))暴露在不同表观温度水平下对人群非意外死亡的影响,进一步探究表观温度的效应修饰作用。方法:采用时间序列研究,选取中国的天津和宁波两个城市、泰国的曼谷和清迈两个城市作为研究地点,以表观温度作为温度的暴露指标,通过对阈值温度的定量估计,根据阈值温度对应的污染物水平进行分层,采用广义泊松(Poisson)相加模型来评估不同温度水平下PM_(2.5)暴露与人群非意外死亡之间的关联。结果:天津、宁波、曼谷和清迈4个亚洲城市在研究期间PM_(2.5)的平均浓度分别为(73.6±35.6)、(48.0±32.1)、(33.5±28.4)和(32.6±28.6)μg/m~3,日均非意外死亡人数分别为148、57、28和8人。广义泊松相加模型分析显示,天津市滞后0 d的PM_(2.5)浓度每升高10μg/m^(3),非意外死亡人数增加0.43%(95%CI:0.33%~0.54%);宁波市滞后2 d的PM_(2.5)每升高10μg/m^(3),非意外死亡人数增加0.27%(95%CI:0.08%~0.46%)。天津市在高温水平下,空气污染的死亡影响更大,而宁波和曼谷在低温时PM_(2.5)的死亡效应更明显。不同温度水平共污染物模型中,PM_(2.5)的死亡效应相对稳健。结论:大气细颗粒物暴露对人群非意外死亡有不利影响,应进一步注意控制空气污染,表观温度可能对PM_(2.5)的死亡影响产生效应修饰作用,且在不同温度带的效应有所差异,应根据地区差异建立保护性政策,同时在探究空气污染和气候变化的相互影响方面应予更多关注。