Switching control of morphing aircraft based on Q-learning

This paper investigates a switching control strategy for the altitude motion of a morphing aircraft with variable sweep wings based on Q-learning.The morphing process is regarded as a function of the system states and a related altitude motion model is established.Then,the designed controller is divided into the outer part and inner part,where the outer part is devised by a combination of the back-stepping method and command filter technique so that the’explosion of complexity’problem is eliminated.Moreover,the integrator structure of the altitude motion model is exploited to simplify the back-stepping design,and disturbance observers inspired from the idea of extended state observer are devised to obtain estimations of the system disturbances.The control input switches from the outer part to the inner part when the altitude tracking error converges to a small value and linear approximation of the altitude motion model is applied.The inner part is generated by the Q-learning algorithm which learns the optimal command in the presence of unknown system matrices and disturbances.It is proved rigorously that all signals of the closed-loop system stay bounded by the developed control method and controller switching occurs only once.Finally,comparative simulations are conducted to validate improved control performance of the proposed scheme.

Switched adaptive active disturbance rejection control of variable structure near space vehicles based on adaptive dynamic programming

Based on the switched nonlinear system, a switched adaptive Active Disturbance Rejection Control(ADRC) law is proposed for the Variable Structure Near Space Vehicle(VSNSV) with unknown uncertainties and external disturbances. The reduced-order Extended State Observers(ESOs) are constructed for the attitude angle system and the angular rate system to estimate the total disturbance in real time. With the extended state introduced to counteract the effects of uncertainties and disturbances, a systematic procedure is presented for the synthesis of the switched adaptive ADRC strategy. Rigorous proof shows that the estimation errors of the reduced-order ESOs would converge to a small neighborhood of zero in finite time, and that the output of the closedloop system can track a given signal stably for a class of switching signals with average dwell time via the proposed approach. The variable gain control strategy based on Adaptive Dynamic Programming(ADP) with the actor-critic structure is also designed to improve the dynamic performance of the system. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed control scheme.