Proteomics Identification of Differentially Expressed Leaf Proteins in Response to Setosphaeria turcica Infection in Resistant Maize

Northern corn leaf blight(NCLB), caused by the heterothallic ascomycete fungus Setosphaeria turcica, is a destructive foliar disease of maize and represents a serious threat to maize production worldwide. A comparative proteomic study was conducted to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the defense responses of the maize resistant line A619 Ht2 to S. turcica race 13. Leaf proteins were extracted from mock and S. turcica-infected leaves after inoculated for 72 hand analyzed for differentially expressed proteins using two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry identification. 137 proteins showed reproducible differences in abundance by more than 2-fold at least, including 50 up-regulated proteins and 87 down-regulated proteins. 48 protein spots were successfully identified by MS analysis, which included 10 unique, 6 up-regulated, 20 down-regulated and 12 disappeared protein spots. These identified proteins were classified into 9 functional groups and involved in multiple functions, particularly in energy metabolism(46%), protein destination and storage(12%), and disease defense(18%). Some defense-related proteins were upregulated such as β-glucosidase, SOD, polyamines oxidase, HSC 70 and PPIases; while the expressions of photosynthesis- and metabolism-related proteins were down-regulated, by inoculation with S. turcica. The results indicated that a complex regulatory network was functioned in interaction between the resistant line A619 Ht2 and S. turcica. The resistance processes of A619 Ht2 mainly resided on directly releasing defense proteins, modulation of primary metabolism, affecting photosyntesis and carbohydrate metabolism.

Analysis on the migration of first-generation Mythimna separata(Walker) in China in 2013

Mythimna separata(Walker) is an important pest which can cause serious damages to cereal crops. In the past two decades, several heavy outbreaks have taken place in northern China. In order to develop a fine-scale method of forecasting outbreaks, population data were collected in northern China using searchlight traps and ground light traps. A background weather pattern analysis and trajectory analysis were performed via the Weather Research and Forecast(WRF) and FLEXPART models. Our results showed that heavy migration of first-generation M. separata appeared in northern China in 2013. In Yanqing District, Beijing, the cumulative number of captured adults in searchlight traps was around 250000 and the daily maximum for trapped moths was 86000. During the peak period, the majority of M. separata moths arrived after 00:00 every night. The sex ratio(female:male) at each monitoring site was greater than 1 and greatly fluctuated with population dynamics. During the migration peak, prevailing downdraft winds benefited M. separata moths to land passively. Trajectory simulation showed that immigrants were from Anhui, Jiangsu and Hubei provinces and most of them could continue to fly into the northeastern regions of China. These results provide technical support for fine-scale forecasting of the outbreak of M. separata at meso-and micro-scale.

一株新型稻瘟霉素链霉菌JZB130180的鉴定及其对桃褐腐病的生防效果评价（英文）

目的:筛选对桃褐腐病有显著防效的链霉菌并解析其生防因子。创新点:本研究筛选到一株新型稻瘟霉素链霉菌JZB130180,其对桃褐腐病具有显著防效。通过对其生防因子解析及发酵液分析,为后续分离抑菌次生代谢物奠定了基础。方法:通过对峙培养和离体实验,检测链霉菌对桃褐腐病的抑制作用。通过平皿抑菌实验,计算链霉菌发酵液的室内毒力;随后进行了发酵液的理化性质检测。通过酶活力测定等,解析链霉菌中的生防因子。结论:链霉菌JZB130180及其发酵液对桃褐腐病具有显著的抑制作用。发酵液对桃褐腐病菌的半数有效抑制浓度(EC50)为38.3μg/mL,且对酸碱、温度和紫外线都有一定的耐受能力。此外,该菌株可以分泌几丁质酶、纤维素酶、蛋白酶等重要生防因子。