Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a complex disease that often causes multiple systemic complications that have become a major international public health problem.Diabetic foot(DF)is one of the severe and frequent chronic compl...Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a complex disease that often causes multiple systemic complications that have become a major international public health problem.Diabetic foot(DF)is one of the severe and frequent chronic complications of DM due to vascular lesions and neuropathy.DF ulcers(DFU)affect approximately 15%of people with DM and are the leading cause of death and disability.The prevalence and recurrence of DF are worrisome,and morbidity and mortality are also on the rise,which poses a substantial socioeconomic burden.Treating DF is difficult for clinicians and requires multidisciplinary cooperation,combining local and systemic therapy to reduce amputation and case-fatality rates.Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has received extensive attention due to noticeable therapeutic effects and few adverse reactions.In recent years,research on DF treatment by TCM has been increasing,and further progress has been made.TCM includes oral medication,injectable preparations,and adjuvant therapy.This article reviews the relevant research on TCM-related adjuvant therapy for DF.We describe current progress in TCM in terms of external application,acupuncture,massage,acupoint injection,foot bath,fumigation,and moxibustion,as well as the mechanisms involved.展开更多
C-Si-Mn TRIP steels were produced using the thin slab casting and rolling （TSCR） process under simulation in laboratory. The results of tensile tests show that the yield strength, tensile strength, and the total elo...C-Si-Mn TRIP steels were produced using the thin slab casting and rolling （TSCR） process under simulation in laboratory. The results of tensile tests show that the yield strength, tensile strength, and the total elongation of the experimental TRIP steels are 430 MPa, 610 MPa, and 28.4%, respectively. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） were employed to identify the microstructures of the TRIP steels. The final microstructures consist of ferrite, bainite, and retained austenite. The results of quantitative color metallography show that the fraction of the retained austenite is about 5.8%.展开更多
Multivariate statistical techniques,such as principal component analysis(PCA),factor analysis(FA)and cluster analysis(CA),were applied to evaluating and interpreting the surface water quality datasets of the Songhua R...Multivariate statistical techniques,such as principal component analysis(PCA),factor analysis(FA)and cluster analysis(CA),were applied to evaluating and interpreting the surface water quality datasets of the Songhua River Basin(SRB)in China,obtained during two years(2012-2013)of monitoring of 13 physicochemical parameters at 29 different sites.PCA assisted to recognize the factors or origins responsible for surface water quality variations and identified three latent factors and explained 83.79%of the total variance,standing for organic pollution,metal pollution and oil pollution,respectively.FA revealed that the SRB water chemistry was strongly affected by the discharge of industrial,agricultural and municipal sewage water,mining operations and petroleum exploitation.Hierarchical CA grouped 29 different sampling sites into three groups,i.e.,relatively less polluted(LP),moderately polluted(MP)and highly polluted(HP)sites,based on the similarity of water quality characteristics.This study illustrates the usefulness of multivariate statistical techniques for the analysis and interpretation of huge and complex data sets,identification of pollution sources and better understanding variations in water quality for effective surface water management.展开更多
Energy-related CO2 emissions from Tianjin’s production and household sectors during 2000–2012 were calculated based on the default carbon-emission coefficients provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Chan...Energy-related CO2 emissions from Tianjin’s production and household sectors during 2000–2012 were calculated based on the default carbon-emission coefficients provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.Grey relational analysis was used in this study to capture the dynamic characteristics of 12 different factors related to CO2 emissions.The results indicated that population scale and structure,industrial structure,per capita disposable income,energy consumption and structure appeared as the main drivers related to the CO2 emissions increase during the study period.Based on the research,we make the policy recommendations including optimizing the industrial structure and energy structure,improving energy efficiency and promoting low-carbon consumption.展开更多
Food security is becoming increasingly prominent due to the impact of the COVID-19 and extreme weathers. The Smart Project for “Clean Your Plate” Campaign has been designed and implemented to address food waste on c...Food security is becoming increasingly prominent due to the impact of the COVID-19 and extreme weathers. The Smart Project for “Clean Your Plate” Campaign has been designed and implemented to address food waste on campus. The project takes advantage of technologies such as IoT, dynamic QR code, and visual recognition. Smart devices for clear plate recognition can be installed in multiple locations in campus cafeterias and canteens. Users can login onto a public account and a Mini Program for points reward, exchange and sale. Combining offline clear plate recognition and online points exchange, the project encourages food saving and reduces human cost for university canteens.展开更多
Coordination polymers(CPs) are emerging as the next generation of macromolecule materials in many industrial and technological applications,e.g.gas/humidity sensing.The design of CP-based sensors with high performance...Coordination polymers(CPs) are emerging as the next generation of macromolecule materials in many industrial and technological applications,e.g.gas/humidity sensing.The design of CP-based sensors with high performance and low cost is of significance,but this work is still in the infancy stage.In this contribution,a new one dimensional(1D) CP has been successfully synthesized by a simple solvent evaporation method at room temperature,namely [Co(DPP)(H_(2)O)_(2)]n·(TCA)2(H_(2)O)_(4)(named as Co-1,HTCA=3-thiophenezoic acid,DPP=1,3-di(4-pyridyl)propane).The Co-1 structure contains abundant H-bonding interactions,weaving it from 1D chain structure into three dimensional(3D) pillared-layer structure.As an impedimetric humidity sensing material,this CP exhibits short response time,small hysteresis,excellent repeatability,and good stability in the working range of 11%-97% relative humidity(RH).Furthermore,it also shows excellent performance in monitoring the moisture content of human finger skin.By analyzing the complex impedance spectra,the humidity sensing mechanism of Co-1 sensor was expounded at different RH ranges.展开更多
This study examined the biochemical responses of wheat（Triticum aestivum） to the stress of rare earth yttrium（Y） and showed that 25–100 mg/kg Y treatments evidently increased the biomass（root mass,shoot mass and...This study examined the biochemical responses of wheat（Triticum aestivum） to the stress of rare earth yttrium（Y） and showed that 25–100 mg/kg Y treatments evidently increased the biomass（root mass,shoot mass and leaf mass）,accompanied by a significant（p0.05） increase in the chlorophyll（CHL） content in wheat leaves.Increased malondialdehyde（MDA） levels were detected in wheat shoots（stem and leaf） and roots too,indicating the presence of poisoning active oxygen species（AOS）.The MDA content in wheat roots increased with the augmentation of Y concentration.These results indicated that there was a dose-dependent effect of Y on the changes of MDA content in wheat roots.Although the activities of superoxide dismutases（SOD）,peroxidases（POD） and catalases（CAT） in wheat shoots and roots irregularly fluctuated with the increase in Y concentration,25–100 mg/kg Y significantly（p0.01） increased the activities of SOD and POD.In general,the dose-dependent effects of Y on the activity of antioxidant enzymes were insignificant.Our data also indicated that the increase in SOD and POD activities could be used as a good biomarker for the stress induced by low concentrations of Y.展开更多
Comprehensive consideration of structural and electronic sensitization is of significant importance for rational design and assembly of high-performance gas sensors based on metal oxides.In this work,hierarchically me...Comprehensive consideration of structural and electronic sensitization is of significant importance for rational design and assembly of high-performance gas sensors based on metal oxides.In this work,hierarchically mesoporous ZnO nanosheets are synthesized via a hydrothermal method followed by calcination.Material characterization reveals polycrystalline feature of these ZnO nanosheets rich in mesopores and defects.Gas sensing performance of as-synthesized ZnO nanosheets was sys-tematically investigated,taking formaldehyde as probe molecules.Compared with commercial ZnO nanoparticles,ZnO nanosheets exhibited enhanced formaldehyde sensing properties,including lower operation temperature,higher sensitivity,faster response,and smaller detection limit.Notably,the response(S=227.4)of ZnO nanosheets to 200×10^(-6) formaldehyde is about 17 times larger than that of ZnO nanoparticles(S=13.5).Excluding effects of grain size and surface area,enhanced sensing properties,especially response value,are credited in large part to synergistic actions of surface defects,grain boundaries,as well as unique structural advantage of ZnO nanosheets.Furthermore,this work offers a guideline for boosting performance of metal oxide-based gas sensors via surface defect control and grain boundary construction.展开更多
Spectrum analysis of natural gamma ray spectral logging （SGR） data is a critical part of surface informa- tion processing systems. Due to the low resolution, which is an inherent weakness of SGR, and the low signal-...Spectrum analysis of natural gamma ray spectral logging （SGR） data is a critical part of surface informa- tion processing systems. Due to the low resolution, which is an inherent weakness of SGR, and the low signal-to-noise ratio problem of logging measurements, SGR is usually treated with a low confidence level. The Direct Demodulation （DD） method is an advanced technique to solve modulation equations interactively under physical constraints. It has higher sensitivity and spatial resolution than the traditional methods and can effectively suppress the logging noise. Based on standard count rate spectral data obtained from the China Offshore Oil Logging Company SGR Calibration Facility, this paper presents the application of the DD method to gamma-ray logging. The results are compared with four traditional algorithmic methods, showing that the DD method is a credible choice, with higher sensitivity and higher spatial resolution in gamma-ray log interpretation. The Point-Spread-Function of the Shengli Oil Logging Company＇s natural gamma ray spectroscopy instrument is obtained for the first time. The quantities of various radionuclides in their calibration pits are also obtained. The DD method was applied successfully to gamma-ray logging, offering a new option for SGR logging algorithm selection.展开更多
Function-oriented design of coordination polymers is emerging as an attracting topic to explore their practical applications, e.g., gas/humidity sensing. However,the successful synthesis of new coordination polymers s...Function-oriented design of coordination polymers is emerging as an attracting topic to explore their practical applications, e.g., gas/humidity sensing. However,the successful synthesis of new coordination polymers showing splendid sensing property is an urgent need in fields of materials and sensors, yet still at the initial stage.In this contribution, a new one-dimensional(1D) coordination polymer with formula of [Pb(TAA)(BA)(H_(2)O)]_(n)(namedasPbL,HTAA = 3-thiopheneaceticacid,HBA = benzoic acid) has been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method, which involves in-situ synthesis of both decarboxylation and hydrolysis. As an impedimetric humidity sensing material, this coordination polymer exhibits excellent humidity sensing performance including high response, fast response, small hysteresis, and good repeatability. In the total relative humidity range(11%–97%) at room temperature, it is worth noting that the sensitivity of the humidity sensor is as high as 1.18×10^(4),the response time is only 2 s, and the max humidity hysteresis is as small as 1.8%. At last, we discussed the sensing mechanism using the alternating current(AC) impedance technique at various relative humidity.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the characteristics of the board of directors and strategic change of a firm in the Chinese context. In this study, strategic change is defined as stra...The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the characteristics of the board of directors and strategic change of a firm in the Chinese context. In this study, strategic change is defined as strategic deviation relative to industry norms and strategic variation relative to historical experiences. The size, independence and leadership structure of the board of directors are defined as the board characteristics. We then propose hypotheses on the effects of board characteristics on a firm＇s strategic change. This study takes strategic resource allocation profile as measure to calculate strategic deviation and strategic variation, and then empirically tests and verifies the hypotheses using data from Chinese publicly listed companies in the information technology industry from the year 2006 to 2010. We find that the size, independence and leadership structure of the board of directors significantly affect both strategic deviation and strategic variation. Therefore, we conclude that board characteristic affects a firm＇s strategic change. The conclusion of the study indicates that moderate reductions in the size of the board, increasing the proportion of independent directors and separating the roles of chairman and chief executive officer can facilitate promoting the process of strategic change for a firm in a dynamic environment. Through this study we re-examine the role and significance of the board of directors in strategic decision-making for a firm, and provide useful suggestions on how to form a board that can meet the needs for strategic change for a firm in a dynamic business environment.展开更多
文摘Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a complex disease that often causes multiple systemic complications that have become a major international public health problem.Diabetic foot(DF)is one of the severe and frequent chronic complications of DM due to vascular lesions and neuropathy.DF ulcers(DFU)affect approximately 15%of people with DM and are the leading cause of death and disability.The prevalence and recurrence of DF are worrisome,and morbidity and mortality are also on the rise,which poses a substantial socioeconomic burden.Treating DF is difficult for clinicians and requires multidisciplinary cooperation,combining local and systemic therapy to reduce amputation and case-fatality rates.Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has received extensive attention due to noticeable therapeutic effects and few adverse reactions.In recent years,research on DF treatment by TCM has been increasing,and further progress has been made.TCM includes oral medication,injectable preparations,and adjuvant therapy.This article reviews the relevant research on TCM-related adjuvant therapy for DF.We describe current progress in TCM in terms of external application,acupuncture,massage,acupoint injection,foot bath,fumigation,and moxibustion,as well as the mechanisms involved.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50334010).
文摘C-Si-Mn TRIP steels were produced using the thin slab casting and rolling （TSCR） process under simulation in laboratory. The results of tensile tests show that the yield strength, tensile strength, and the total elongation of the experimental TRIP steels are 430 MPa, 610 MPa, and 28.4%, respectively. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） were employed to identify the microstructures of the TRIP steels. The final microstructures consist of ferrite, bainite, and retained austenite. The results of quantitative color metallography show that the fraction of the retained austenite is about 5.8%.
文摘Multivariate statistical techniques,such as principal component analysis(PCA),factor analysis(FA)and cluster analysis(CA),were applied to evaluating and interpreting the surface water quality datasets of the Songhua River Basin(SRB)in China,obtained during two years(2012-2013)of monitoring of 13 physicochemical parameters at 29 different sites.PCA assisted to recognize the factors or origins responsible for surface water quality variations and identified three latent factors and explained 83.79%of the total variance,standing for organic pollution,metal pollution and oil pollution,respectively.FA revealed that the SRB water chemistry was strongly affected by the discharge of industrial,agricultural and municipal sewage water,mining operations and petroleum exploitation.Hierarchical CA grouped 29 different sampling sites into three groups,i.e.,relatively less polluted(LP),moderately polluted(MP)and highly polluted(HP)sites,based on the similarity of water quality characteristics.This study illustrates the usefulness of multivariate statistical techniques for the analysis and interpretation of huge and complex data sets,identification of pollution sources and better understanding variations in water quality for effective surface water management.
文摘Energy-related CO2 emissions from Tianjin’s production and household sectors during 2000–2012 were calculated based on the default carbon-emission coefficients provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.Grey relational analysis was used in this study to capture the dynamic characteristics of 12 different factors related to CO2 emissions.The results indicated that population scale and structure,industrial structure,per capita disposable income,energy consumption and structure appeared as the main drivers related to the CO2 emissions increase during the study period.Based on the research,we make the policy recommendations including optimizing the industrial structure and energy structure,improving energy efficiency and promoting low-carbon consumption.
文摘Food security is becoming increasingly prominent due to the impact of the COVID-19 and extreme weathers. The Smart Project for “Clean Your Plate” Campaign has been designed and implemented to address food waste on campus. The project takes advantage of technologies such as IoT, dynamic QR code, and visual recognition. Smart devices for clear plate recognition can be installed in multiple locations in campus cafeterias and canteens. Users can login onto a public account and a Mini Program for points reward, exchange and sale. Combining offline clear plate recognition and online points exchange, the project encourages food saving and reduces human cost for university canteens.
基金financially supported by the Tianjin Municipal Education Commission (No. 2018KJ271)National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, No. 21601094, 21401139, and 21271139)。
文摘Coordination polymers(CPs) are emerging as the next generation of macromolecule materials in many industrial and technological applications,e.g.gas/humidity sensing.The design of CP-based sensors with high performance and low cost is of significance,but this work is still in the infancy stage.In this contribution,a new one dimensional(1D) CP has been successfully synthesized by a simple solvent evaporation method at room temperature,namely [Co(DPP)(H_(2)O)_(2)]n·(TCA)2(H_(2)O)_(4)(named as Co-1,HTCA=3-thiophenezoic acid,DPP=1,3-di(4-pyridyl)propane).The Co-1 structure contains abundant H-bonding interactions,weaving it from 1D chain structure into three dimensional(3D) pillared-layer structure.As an impedimetric humidity sensing material,this CP exhibits short response time,small hysteresis,excellent repeatability,and good stability in the working range of 11%-97% relative humidity(RH).Furthermore,it also shows excellent performance in monitoring the moisture content of human finger skin.By analyzing the complex impedance spectra,the humidity sensing mechanism of Co-1 sensor was expounded at different RH ranges.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0309300)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(20JCZDJC00560 and 20JCJQJC00210)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,11974191 and 12127803)the 111 Project(B07013)the“Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities”,Nankai University(91923139,63213040,C029211101,C02922101,and ZB22000104)。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(21067003,51364015)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20114BAB203024)the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China(2012BAC11B07)
文摘This study examined the biochemical responses of wheat（Triticum aestivum） to the stress of rare earth yttrium（Y） and showed that 25–100 mg/kg Y treatments evidently increased the biomass（root mass,shoot mass and leaf mass）,accompanied by a significant（p0.05） increase in the chlorophyll（CHL） content in wheat leaves.Increased malondialdehyde（MDA） levels were detected in wheat shoots（stem and leaf） and roots too,indicating the presence of poisoning active oxygen species（AOS）.The MDA content in wheat roots increased with the augmentation of Y concentration.These results indicated that there was a dose-dependent effect of Y on the changes of MDA content in wheat roots.Although the activities of superoxide dismutases（SOD）,peroxidases（POD） and catalases（CAT） in wheat shoots and roots irregularly fluctuated with the increase in Y concentration,25–100 mg/kg Y significantly（p0.01） increased the activities of SOD and POD.In general,the dose-dependent effects of Y on the activity of antioxidant enzymes were insignificant.Our data also indicated that the increase in SOD and POD activities could be used as a good biomarker for the stress induced by low concentrations of Y.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21601094, 21401139 and 71804123)Tianjin Municipal Education Commission (No. 2018KJ271)
文摘Comprehensive consideration of structural and electronic sensitization is of significant importance for rational design and assembly of high-performance gas sensors based on metal oxides.In this work,hierarchically mesoporous ZnO nanosheets are synthesized via a hydrothermal method followed by calcination.Material characterization reveals polycrystalline feature of these ZnO nanosheets rich in mesopores and defects.Gas sensing performance of as-synthesized ZnO nanosheets was sys-tematically investigated,taking formaldehyde as probe molecules.Compared with commercial ZnO nanoparticles,ZnO nanosheets exhibited enhanced formaldehyde sensing properties,including lower operation temperature,higher sensitivity,faster response,and smaller detection limit.Notably,the response(S=227.4)of ZnO nanosheets to 200×10^(-6) formaldehyde is about 17 times larger than that of ZnO nanoparticles(S=13.5).Excluding effects of grain size and surface area,enhanced sensing properties,especially response value,are credited in large part to synergistic actions of surface defects,grain boundaries,as well as unique structural advantage of ZnO nanosheets.Furthermore,this work offers a guideline for boosting performance of metal oxide-based gas sensors via surface defect control and grain boundary construction.
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2013AA064702)National Major Special Well logging Company of Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau of Sinopec Group(2011ZX05006-002)
文摘Spectrum analysis of natural gamma ray spectral logging （SGR） data is a critical part of surface informa- tion processing systems. Due to the low resolution, which is an inherent weakness of SGR, and the low signal-to-noise ratio problem of logging measurements, SGR is usually treated with a low confidence level. The Direct Demodulation （DD） method is an advanced technique to solve modulation equations interactively under physical constraints. It has higher sensitivity and spatial resolution than the traditional methods and can effectively suppress the logging noise. Based on standard count rate spectral data obtained from the China Offshore Oil Logging Company SGR Calibration Facility, this paper presents the application of the DD method to gamma-ray logging. The results are compared with four traditional algorithmic methods, showing that the DD method is a credible choice, with higher sensitivity and higher spatial resolution in gamma-ray log interpretation. The Point-Spread-Function of the Shengli Oil Logging Company＇s natural gamma ray spectroscopy instrument is obtained for the first time. The quantities of various radionuclides in their calibration pits are also obtained. The DD method was applied successfully to gamma-ray logging, offering a new option for SGR logging algorithm selection.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21601094,21401139 and 71804123)Tianjin Municipal Education Commission(No.2018KJ271)。
文摘Function-oriented design of coordination polymers is emerging as an attracting topic to explore their practical applications, e.g., gas/humidity sensing. However,the successful synthesis of new coordination polymers showing splendid sensing property is an urgent need in fields of materials and sensors, yet still at the initial stage.In this contribution, a new one-dimensional(1D) coordination polymer with formula of [Pb(TAA)(BA)(H_(2)O)]_(n)(namedasPbL,HTAA = 3-thiopheneaceticacid,HBA = benzoic acid) has been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method, which involves in-situ synthesis of both decarboxylation and hydrolysis. As an impedimetric humidity sensing material, this coordination polymer exhibits excellent humidity sensing performance including high response, fast response, small hysteresis, and good repeatability. In the total relative humidity range(11%–97%) at room temperature, it is worth noting that the sensitivity of the humidity sensor is as high as 1.18×10^(4),the response time is only 2 s, and the max humidity hysteresis is as small as 1.8%. At last, we discussed the sensing mechanism using the alternating current(AC) impedance technique at various relative humidity.
基金We gratefully acknowledge support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 70872048, 71272184）, and the Key Program of Key Research Institute for Humanities and Social Science, Ministry of Education （No. 11JJD630005）.
文摘The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the characteristics of the board of directors and strategic change of a firm in the Chinese context. In this study, strategic change is defined as strategic deviation relative to industry norms and strategic variation relative to historical experiences. The size, independence and leadership structure of the board of directors are defined as the board characteristics. We then propose hypotheses on the effects of board characteristics on a firm＇s strategic change. This study takes strategic resource allocation profile as measure to calculate strategic deviation and strategic variation, and then empirically tests and verifies the hypotheses using data from Chinese publicly listed companies in the information technology industry from the year 2006 to 2010. We find that the size, independence and leadership structure of the board of directors significantly affect both strategic deviation and strategic variation. Therefore, we conclude that board characteristic affects a firm＇s strategic change. The conclusion of the study indicates that moderate reductions in the size of the board, increasing the proportion of independent directors and separating the roles of chairman and chief executive officer can facilitate promoting the process of strategic change for a firm in a dynamic environment. Through this study we re-examine the role and significance of the board of directors in strategic decision-making for a firm, and provide useful suggestions on how to form a board that can meet the needs for strategic change for a firm in a dynamic business environment.
