Surface Thermal Environment and Water Temperature Regulation of Rapidly Developing Small and Medium-Sized Cities

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the temperature regulation effect of surface thermal environment and waters on the temperature, as well as the influencing factors, in Binzhou City, Shandong Province, so as to provide scientific basis for layout planning of urban waters. [Method] Based on the Landsat image of 2009 and 2014, the surface temperature was retrieved using mono-window algorithm and the distribution characteristics of surface temperature of different land types were analyzed. By arranging temperature points on the temperature line and water characteristic statistics, the temperature regulation effect of waters, as well as the influencing factors was analyzed. [Result](1) The order of surface temperature of different land types in summer was building land > cultivated land > woodland > water body, while in winter, the order was cultivated land > woodland > building land > water body. In terms of summer-winter average thermal level, the order was building land > cultivated land > woodland > water body.(2) The temperature regulation effect of waters showed a strong nonlinear relationship with the distance.(3) Large-area water bodies had better cooling effect. Under the condition of same area, the temperature regulated area of multiple small-area water bodies was larger than that of single large-area water body.(4) The increase in the proportion of non-building land around the water body increased the range of water cooling.(5) When the area of water bodies was small, the smaller the ratio of perimeter to area was, the larger the influence range of water cooling was. [Conclusion] The temperature regulation effect of waters in Binzhou City showed a strong nonlinear relationship with the distance, and was affected by the size of the water body, the complexity of the boundary and the composition of the surrounding land.