氧化石墨烯介导的光热免疫疗法治疗转移性小鼠乳腺肿瘤

本研究分别从细胞层面和在体层面,研究纳米氧化石墨烯(nano graphene oxide,NGO)联合805 nm近红外激光对于肿瘤的杀伤和免疫刺激作用.细胞实验证实NGO具有良好的光热转换效应,联合激光治疗,能够有效杀伤肿瘤细胞.此外,NGO能够刺激巨噬细胞产生IL-6及TNFα,并增强激光杀伤的肿瘤细胞对巨噬细胞的免疫刺激效应.在体实验中,在小鼠背部不同位置使用同一瘤株种植两个瘤块,模拟局部原发肿瘤和转移瘤.实验结果表明,NGO联合激光治疗可以有效消融局部肿瘤,并且,未治疗的远隔部位肿瘤生长速度也显著降低.说明NGO联合激光治疗的方式在局部杀伤原位肿瘤的同时,可能诱发了机体的抗肿瘤免疫反应,从而达到了抑制远隔肿瘤生长的效果.

Photonics immunotherapy-A novel strategy for cancer treatment

Photonics immunotherapy is a novel cancer treatment strategy that combines local phototherapy and immunotherapy.Phototherapy is a noninvasive or minimally invasive therapeutic strategy for local treatment of cancer,which can destroy tumor cells and release tumor antigens,inducing an in situ antitumor immune response.Immunotherapy,including the use of antibodies,vaccines,immunoadjuvants and cytokines,when combined with phototherapy,could bring a synergistic effect to stimulate a host immune response that effectuates a long-term antitumor immunity.This review will focus on the development of photonics immunotherapy and its systemic antitumor immunological effects.

Anti-tumor response induced by immunologically modified carbon nanotubes and laser irradiation using rat mammary tumor model

The ideal treatment modality for metastatic cancer would be a local treatment that can destroy primary tumors while inducing an effective systemic anti-tumor response.To this end,we de-veloped laser immunotherapy,combining photothermal laser application with an immunoadju-vant for the treatment of metastatic cancer.Additionally,to enhance the selective photothermal effect,we integrated light-absorbing nanomaterials into this innovative treatment.Specifically,we developed an immunologically modified carbon nanotube combining single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)with the immunoadjuvant glycated chitosan(GC).To determine the ef-fectiveness of laser iradiation,a series of experiments were performed using two different irra-diation durations-5 and 10 min.Rats were inoculated with DMBA-4 cancer cells,a metastatic cancer cell line.The treatment group of rats receiving laser irradiation for 10 min had a 50%long-term survival rate without residual primary or metastatic tumnors.The treatment group of rats receiving laser irradiation for 5 min had no long-term survivors;all rats died with multiple metastases at several distant sites.Therefore,Laser+SWNT-GC treatment with 10 min of laser irradiation proved to be efective at reducing tumor size and inducing long-term anti-tumor immunity.

Interstitial photoacoustic technique and computational simulation for temperature distribution and tissue optical properties in interstitial laser photothermal interaction

Interstitial laser immunotherapy(ILIT)is designed to use photothermal and immunological inter-actions for treatment of metastatic cancers.The photothermal ffect is crucial in inducing anti-tumorimmune responses in the host.Tissue temperature and tssue optical properties are important factorsin this process.In this study,a device combining interstitial photoacoustic(PA)technique andinterstitial laser photothermal interaction is proposed.Together with computational simulation,thisdevice was designed to determine temperature distributions and tissue optical properties during lasertreatment.Experiments were performed usinger-ivoFporcine liver tissue.Our results demonstratedthat interstitial PA signal amplitude was linearly dependent on tisue temperature in the tempera-ture ranges of 20-60℃,as wll as 65-80℃,with a dfferent slope,due to the change of tissue opticalproperties.Using the directly measured temperature in the tissue around the interstitial optical fiberdiffusion tip for calibration,the theoretical temperature distribution predicted by the bioheatequation was used to extract optical properties of tssue.Finally,the three-dimensional temperature distribution was simulated to guide tumor destruction and immunological stimulation,Thus,thisnovel device and method could be used for monitoring and controlling ILIT for cancer treatment.