Zygotic embryos tissues have found to be more responsive explants for clonal propagation of coconut. In the present study, the feasibility of using zygotic embryos explants for clonal propagation of a local coconut va...Zygotic embryos tissues have found to be more responsive explants for clonal propagation of coconut. In the present study, the feasibility of using zygotic embryos explants for clonal propagation of a local coconut variety MATAG F2 was assessed. Callus was induced by incorporating of cytokinin and auxin into the medium. The sliced embryos explants were immersed in 1 M maltose for 60 mins, then with 0.05 M maltose for 1 min and followed by 0.01 M maltose for 5 mins was the best for prevention of phenolic compounds excretion. The callus formation depended on the concentration of 2,4-D in the media and the best effect was observed with the high level (2,4-D and BAP) tested. Attempts at inducing multiple shoot from the zygotic embryos callus were unsuccessful. No multiple shoots was present;most of the callus became root structure.展开更多
Various phenolic and flavonoid compounds that are secondary plant metabolites are known to contribute to physiological wellbeing. Extraction efficiency of such compounds from plant sources is dependent on the extracti...Various phenolic and flavonoid compounds that are secondary plant metabolites are known to contribute to physiological wellbeing. Extraction efficiency of such compounds from plant sources is dependent on the extraction solvent type and composition, and its pH. In this study, different extraction variables were examined: heating time (20 to 180 min), temperature (60°C, 75°C and 90°C) and pH (2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0). Hot water was used in the extraction of dry samples. For phenolics, the most efficient extraction was by using water at 60°C for 180 min, whereby 5.95 mg GA equivalent/dry extract was achieved. The most efficient extraction of flavonoids was achieved with water at 60°C for 150 min, whereby 43 μg Quercetin equivalent/dry extract was obtained. Adjusting the solvent to pH 2.5 increased the yield to 45.3 μg Quercetin equivalent/dry extract.展开更多
This study has established an efficient and reproducible protocol to micropropagation Kaempferia angustifolia Roscoe via direct regeneration. The use of young shoots as explants showed the best results compared to rhi...This study has established an efficient and reproducible protocol to micropropagation Kaempferia angustifolia Roscoe via direct regeneration. The use of young shoots as explants showed the best results compared to rhizome shoots, where the young shoots showed a low percentage of contamination of 10% - 30% (agar 6 g/L) and 45% - 55% (agar 3 g/L), respectively, compared to the use of rhizome shoots, where the contamination rate exceeded 80%. For shoot initiation, the combination of BAP (6 Benzylaminopurine) and NAA (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid) showed higher results for the percentage of initial shoots and number of micro shoots/explants compared to BAP with Kin (Kinetin). The highest concentration of BAP (5 mg/L) combined with the lowest concentration of NAA (0.5 mg/L) resulted in 90% of initial shoots and a number of shoots/explants of 5.8. The highest number of shoots for micropropagation was in treatment with 30 g/L sucrose that was segmented with 3 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L NAA. For the number of roots, the highest number of roots was 11.8 recorded at sucrose (45) with only BAP (1 mg/L) used as the plant growth regulator, while the longest length of roots was 7 - 8 cm, recorded both at sucrose with the combination of BAP and NAA.展开更多
This research was to study in vitro callus induction in Coconut cv MATAG from young leaf explants. Young leaf segments from mature coconut were cultured on Y3 medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D...This research was to study in vitro callus induction in Coconut cv MATAG from young leaf explants. Young leaf segments from mature coconut were cultured on Y3 medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D and a combination of NAA and BAP. Each of these plant growth regulators (PGR) gives different responses toward callus formation, the percentage of explants producing callus, the percentage of callus proliferation, and the morphology of callus. A series of different concentrations were used for 2,4-D (1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 100 mg/L), NAA (1, 3, 5 mg/L) and BAP (1, 3, 5 mg/L) respectively. The range of days of callus formation using 2,4-D treatments is 7 - 12 months, while the 2,4-D combined with NAA is recorded at 2 - 5 months. Despite the variety of different months between these plant growth regulators for callus formation, the percentages of explants producing callus and callus proliferation are different. The highest percentage of explants producing callus (2.9%) was observed at 2,4-D (40 mg/mL), followed by 2.7% at 2,4-D (10.0 mg/mL) with NAA (1 mg/mL). At a concentration of 100 mg/mL of 2,4-D, the highest percentage of callus proliferation was found, as well.展开更多
文摘Zygotic embryos tissues have found to be more responsive explants for clonal propagation of coconut. In the present study, the feasibility of using zygotic embryos explants for clonal propagation of a local coconut variety MATAG F2 was assessed. Callus was induced by incorporating of cytokinin and auxin into the medium. The sliced embryos explants were immersed in 1 M maltose for 60 mins, then with 0.05 M maltose for 1 min and followed by 0.01 M maltose for 5 mins was the best for prevention of phenolic compounds excretion. The callus formation depended on the concentration of 2,4-D in the media and the best effect was observed with the high level (2,4-D and BAP) tested. Attempts at inducing multiple shoot from the zygotic embryos callus were unsuccessful. No multiple shoots was present;most of the callus became root structure.
文摘Various phenolic and flavonoid compounds that are secondary plant metabolites are known to contribute to physiological wellbeing. Extraction efficiency of such compounds from plant sources is dependent on the extraction solvent type and composition, and its pH. In this study, different extraction variables were examined: heating time (20 to 180 min), temperature (60°C, 75°C and 90°C) and pH (2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0). Hot water was used in the extraction of dry samples. For phenolics, the most efficient extraction was by using water at 60°C for 180 min, whereby 5.95 mg GA equivalent/dry extract was achieved. The most efficient extraction of flavonoids was achieved with water at 60°C for 150 min, whereby 43 μg Quercetin equivalent/dry extract was obtained. Adjusting the solvent to pH 2.5 increased the yield to 45.3 μg Quercetin equivalent/dry extract.
文摘This study has established an efficient and reproducible protocol to micropropagation Kaempferia angustifolia Roscoe via direct regeneration. The use of young shoots as explants showed the best results compared to rhizome shoots, where the young shoots showed a low percentage of contamination of 10% - 30% (agar 6 g/L) and 45% - 55% (agar 3 g/L), respectively, compared to the use of rhizome shoots, where the contamination rate exceeded 80%. For shoot initiation, the combination of BAP (6 Benzylaminopurine) and NAA (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid) showed higher results for the percentage of initial shoots and number of micro shoots/explants compared to BAP with Kin (Kinetin). The highest concentration of BAP (5 mg/L) combined with the lowest concentration of NAA (0.5 mg/L) resulted in 90% of initial shoots and a number of shoots/explants of 5.8. The highest number of shoots for micropropagation was in treatment with 30 g/L sucrose that was segmented with 3 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L NAA. For the number of roots, the highest number of roots was 11.8 recorded at sucrose (45) with only BAP (1 mg/L) used as the plant growth regulator, while the longest length of roots was 7 - 8 cm, recorded both at sucrose with the combination of BAP and NAA.
文摘This research was to study in vitro callus induction in Coconut cv MATAG from young leaf explants. Young leaf segments from mature coconut were cultured on Y3 medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D and a combination of NAA and BAP. Each of these plant growth regulators (PGR) gives different responses toward callus formation, the percentage of explants producing callus, the percentage of callus proliferation, and the morphology of callus. A series of different concentrations were used for 2,4-D (1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 100 mg/L), NAA (1, 3, 5 mg/L) and BAP (1, 3, 5 mg/L) respectively. The range of days of callus formation using 2,4-D treatments is 7 - 12 months, while the 2,4-D combined with NAA is recorded at 2 - 5 months. Despite the variety of different months between these plant growth regulators for callus formation, the percentages of explants producing callus and callus proliferation are different. The highest percentage of explants producing callus (2.9%) was observed at 2,4-D (40 mg/mL), followed by 2.7% at 2,4-D (10.0 mg/mL) with NAA (1 mg/mL). At a concentration of 100 mg/mL of 2,4-D, the highest percentage of callus proliferation was found, as well.
