染料敏化太阳能电池用TiO2薄膜电极的改性制备及光电化学性能

以钛酸四异丙酯为钛源，用水热法合成制备了具有典型锐钛矿晶型的TiO2纳米材料．采用金属镍掺杂和表面包覆一层氧化钕，对TiO2薄膜电极进行改性研究．实验结果表明，所制备纳米TiO2颗粒较均匀，粒径约为17～18nm，经镍掺杂后，颗粒团聚粒径明显增大，但是仍保持均匀状态和多孔结构．与改性前的TiO2薄膜电极相比，金属掺杂和表面包覆有助于光生电子和空穴有效地分离，电池的短路光电流提高了16％，光电转换效率提高了17％．

Hybrid model for prediction of welding distortions in large structures

The paper presents a short overview of the contemporary approaches for calculating welding distortions. In order to meet the existing challenges, an advanced hybrid model for prediction of welding distortions in large structures is described. For the purpose of illustrating the capability of this model, a simulation case is put into discussion. The results are validated by comparison with experimental data, as well as with common simulation technique. Analysis of the calculation costs is also presented. The directions for development of calculation technique, based on the presented model, are also suggested.