Causes of immune dysfunction in hyperbilirubinemia model rats

Objective:To explore the causes of immune dysfunction in neonatal rats with hyperbilirubinemia.Methods:A total of 60 newborn SD rats were equally randomized into normal saline(NS) group,LPS control group,bilirubin control group,low-dose group and high-dose group.After anesthesia,0.1 mL NS was given to the NS and LPS control group and different doses of bilirubin for the other groups;1 h later,the NS and bilirubin control group received the intraperitoneal injection of 0.05 mL NS and 1mg/kg LPS for the other groups.After 5 or 24 hours of model establishment,spleens were collected for detecting the expression levels of MyD88 and p-TAK1 protein and the spleen cells apoptosis by immunohistochemmistry and TUNEL method.After 24 hours of model establishment,scrum inflammatory factors levels and T cell subsets distribution were determined by ELISA and flow cytometry.Results:In contrast to low-dose bilirubin,high-dose bilirubin could induce spleen cells apoptosis in coordination with LPS.After 5 hours of model establishment,compared with NS group.MyD88 expression level in low-dose group elevated while p-TAK1 level in high-dose group reduced(P<0.05).In high-dose group,inflammotory factors levels and CD8^+T cells percentage were all higher than LPS control and NS group(P<0.05),while CD4^+ T cells percentage was lower than NS group(P<0.05).Conclusions:High-concentration plasma bilirubin in coordination with LPS could inhibit NF- κB signal pathways activation and aggravate inflammatory reaction,thus caused immunosuppression with inflammation cascade,which resulted in the immune dysfunction.

Construction of the tissue engineering seed cells(HaCaT-EGF) and analysis of its biological characteristics

Objective:To construct the tissue engineering seed cell(HaCaT cell line) with stable expression of the human epidermal growth factor(EGF),and analyze the changes of its biological characteristics.Methods:PCDNA3.1-EGF eukaryotic expression vector was transferred into HaCaT cell,and G418 was utilized to select the HaCaT-EGF cell line.Using an inverted microscope,PCR,ELISA method to detect the changes of the cell morphology,the expression of the ECF gene and protein,and the mRNA expression levels of apoptosis related molecule Caspase-3,the cell cycle related protein cyclin D1.Results:The mRNA expression levels of the obtained HaCaT-ECF cell were more than 100 times higher than the level of ordinary HaCaT cell.The colony of the HaCaT-EGF cells was more focused and tight compared to the empty vector transfected HaCaT cells and normal HaCaT cells.The expression levels of apoptotic factor Caspase-3 and cyclin Dt in HaCaT-EGF cell were significantly higher than those in the empty vector HaCaT- pcDNA3.1 cell,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference compared to the normal HaCaT cells(P>0.05).Conclusions: HaCaT-EGF cell can continuously secrete ECF,and the biological characteristic is stable.It can be used for tissue engineering experiment and is an ideal seed cell for constructing tissue engineered skin.

Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of severe burn patients: results of a retrospective multicenter study in China, 2011–2015

Background: Severe burns injury is a serious pathology, leading to teratogenicity and significant mortality, and it also has a long-term social impact. The aim of this article is to describe the hospitalized population with severe burns injuries in eight burn centers in China between 2011 and 2015 and to suggest future preventive strategies. Methods: This 5-year retrospective review included all patients with severe burns in a database at eight institutions. The data collected included gender, age, month distribution, etiology, location, presence of inhalation injury, total burn surface area, depth of the burn, the length of hospitalization, and mortality. SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 1126 patients were included: 803 (71.3%) male patients and 323 (28.7%) female patients. Scalds were the most common cause of burns (476, 42.27%), followed by fire (457, 40.59%). The extremities were the most frequently affected areas, followed by the trunk. The median length of hospitalization was 30 (15, 52) days. The overall mortality rate was 14.21%. Conclusions: Although medical centers have devoted intensive resources to improving the survival rates of burn patients, expenditures for prevention and education programs are minimal. Our findings suggest that more attention should be paid to the importance of prevention and the reduction of injury severity. This study may contribute to the establishment of a nationwide burn database and the elaboration of strategies to prevent severe burns injury.