A New Speed Limit Recognition Methodology Based on Ensemble Learning:Hardware Validation

Advanced DriverAssistance Systems(ADAS)technologies can assist drivers or be part of automatic driving systems to support the driving process and improve the level of safety and comfort on the road.Traffic Sign Recognition System(TSRS)is one of themost important components ofADAS.Among the challengeswith TSRS is being able to recognize road signs with the highest accuracy and the shortest processing time.Accordingly,this paper introduces a new real time methodology recognizing Speed Limit Signs based on a trio of developed modules.Firstly,the Speed Limit Detection(SLD)module uses the Haar Cascade technique to generate a new SL detector in order to localize SL signs within captured frames.Secondly,the Speed Limit Classification(SLC)module,featuring machine learning classifiers alongside a newly developed model called DeepSL,harnesses the power of a CNN architecture to extract intricate features from speed limit sign images,ensuring efficient and precise recognition.In addition,a new Speed Limit Classifiers Fusion(SLCF)module has been developed by combining trained ML classifiers and the DeepSL model by using the Dempster-Shafer theory of belief functions and ensemble learning’s voting technique.Through rigorous software and hardware validation processes,the proposedmethodology has achieved highly significant F1 scores of 99.98%and 99.96%for DS theory and the votingmethod,respectively.Furthermore,a prototype encompassing all components demonstrates outstanding reliability and efficacy,with processing times of 150 ms for the Raspberry Pi board and 81.5 ms for the Nano Jetson board,marking a significant advancement in TSRS technology.

胰岛素对缺氧大鼠认知损伤的保护作用研究

目的探讨胰岛素对高原缺氧所致认知功能损伤的保护作用。方法从低海拔空运20只大鼠至高原,随机分为4组,高原缺氧组(5只)、吸氧组(5只)、生理盐水组(5只)和胰岛素组(5只)。高原缺氧组大鼠在高原环境中正常饲养,吸氧组大鼠在到达高原后按2 L/h持续给氧3日,生理盐水组大鼠在达到高原后注射生理盐水3次/日,持续3日,胰岛素组大鼠在到达高原后给与胰岛素1.2 U/日,3次/日,持续给药3日。到达高原第4日,对4组大鼠进行Morris水迷宫测试,并观察大鼠大脑HE染色结果。结果与吸氧组相比,高原缺氧组、生理盐水组和胰岛素组大鼠,穿越平台次数、目标象限所占时间百分比、站立次数和总路程均显著减少(P<0.05)。与高原缺氧组和生理盐水组相比,胰岛素组大鼠,穿越平台次数、目标象限所占时间百分比、站立次数和总路程均显著增加(P<0.05)。结论高原缺氧可致大鼠学习记忆能力减退,但给与胰岛素后可以减轻大鼠学习记忆能力的减退现象。

A Furan-Substituted Polymeric Hole-Transporting Material for Energy Level Regulation and Less Planarity in Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells

For efficient colloidal quantum dot(CQD)solar cells(CQD-SCs),thiol-passivated p-type CQDs are generally used as a hole-transporting material(HTM);however,there are issues with the control of optoelectrical properties,low thiol passivation rate,and poor morphology with a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of approximately 11%.Although polymeric HTMs have been introduced to address these issues,maximizing efficiency and achieving green-solvent processability and thermal stability for commercialization is necessary.Here,we synthesize a novel benzodifuran(BDF)-based HTM(asy-ranPBTBDF)showing an electron-deficient state,low steric hindrance,and low planarity compared to those of a typical benzodithiophene(BDT)-based HTM(asy-ranPBTBDT).BDF properties lead to deep high occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)levels,closeπ-πstacking,excellent solubility,and amorphous properties related to efficiency,green-solvent processability,and thermal stability.With these benefits,the asy-ranPBTBDF-based CQD-SC showed enhanced open-circuit voltage(Voc)(0.65 V)and PCE(13.29%)compared to those of the asy-ranPBTBDT-based device(0.63 V and 12.22%)in toxic processes with chlorobenzene.The asy-ranPBTBDF-based CQD-SC showed a PCE of 12.51%in a green-solvent process with 2-methylanisole and improved thermal stability at 80℃(83.8%retaining after 24 h)owing to less lateral crystallization than the asy-ranPBTBDT-based device(60.8%retaining after 24 h).

美国EPA3546新方法-微波快速溶剂萃取技术

由加拿大环保局和美国CEM共同开发的MARSX快速微波溶剂萃取技术,是世界上唯一专利的微波萃取技术,也是唯一符合美国EPA3546方法的仪器。低功率先行非脉冲微波技术实现连续高精确过程控制反应,通过高精度高频率的温压控制系统精确调节微波能量输出激发极性试剂,并且内置CARBOFLON加热和极化非极性试剂,实现了快速完全的样品萃取。

现代微波化学技术及设备综述

作者长期接触国外微波化学仪器，本文首次对微波化学技术的理论历史、试验方法、技术特点、及设备类型进行分类介绍，对密闭微波化学硬件技术的细节和规格进行了详细的阐述，希望增进人们对微波化学技术的全面的认识。对实验室分析化学的操作和设备人员在选择适当的仪器进行工作，有极大的帮助和指导作用。

MARS 5微波化学样品高压处理系统

1998年初,美国CEM公司向市场发布了新一代产品MARS 5微波化学样品前处理反应系统。其最新设计概念和高科技的应用已引起世界分析化学家广泛的关注和赞扬。MARS 5系统是CEM号称第五代微波化学新标准工作站,系统设计采用了12项美国最新专利,其中包括许多军事用途的电磁控制及屏蔽的新技术。

Experimental Realization of an Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Insulator

An intrinsic magnetic topological insulator(TI) is a stoichiometric magnetic compound possessing both inherent magnetic order and topological electronic states. Such a material can provide a shortcut to various novel topological quantum effects but remained elusive experimentally for a long time. Here we report the experimental realization of thin films of an intrinsic magnetic TI, MnBi2Te4, by alternate growth of a Bi2Te3 quintuple layer and a MnTe bilayer with molecular beam epitaxy. The material shows the archetypical Dirac surface states in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and is demonstrated to be an antiferromagnetic topological insulator with ferromagnetic surfaces by magnetic and transport measurements as well as first-principles calculations. The unique magnetic and topological electronic structures and their interplays enable the material to embody rich quantum phases such as quantum anomalous Hall insulators and axion insulators at higher temperature and in a well-controlled way.

Detection of Magnetic Gap in Topological Surface States of MnBi_(2)Te_(4)

Recently,intrinsic antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi_(2)Te_(4) has drawn intense research interest and leads to plenty of significant progress in physics and materials science by hosting quantum anomalous Hall effect,axion insulator state,and other quantum phases.An essential ingredient to realize these quantum states is the magnetic gap in the topological surface states induced by the out-of-plane ferromagnetism on the surface of MnBi_(2)Te_(4).However,the experimental observations of the surface gap remain controversial.Here,we report the observation of the surface gap via the point contact tunneling spectroscopy.In agreement with theoretical calculations,the gap size is around 50 me V,which vanishes as the sample becomes paramagnetic with increasing temperature.The magnetoresistance hysteresis is detected through the point contact junction on the sample surface with an out-of-plane magnetic field,substantiating the surface ferromagnetism.Furthermore,the non-zero transport spin polarization coming from the ferromagnetism is determined by the point contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy.Combining these results,the magnetism-induced gap in topological surface states of MnBi_(2)Te_(4) is revealed.

海上风电场对岸基雷达探测威力影响分析

针对海上风电场对岸基雷达探测威力的影响问题,基于实际拟建的海上风电项目和现役海军雷达装备,通过电磁仿真建模定量分析雷达天线辐射场及海上目标散射场通过风电场后,其分布特性受风电场的影响程度。分析结果表明,由于海上风电场的存在,风电场后端目标的回波功率较没有风电场时产生起伏,起伏程度与目标和风机的位置关系密切相关。

Mutants only Partially Represent Characteristics of Calcium-ReleaseActivated Calcium Channel Gating

Calcium-release-activated calcium(CARC)channels are one of the major pathways of calcium entry in non-excitable cells.Despite a decade or two of research,its regulatory mechanism is not yet thoroughly understood.The slow progress is due to the complexity of its pores(i.e.,Orai)on one hand and the difficulty in capturing its regulatory complex on the other hand.As a result,possible gating mechanisms have often been speculated by exploring the structure and properties of constitutive open mutants.However,there is much debate about how they can truly reflect the gating of CRAC channels under physiological conditions.In the present study,we combined molecular dynamics simulations with free energy calculations to study three dOrai mutants(G170P,H206A,and P288A),and further calculated their current-voltage curves.Results show that these constructs adopt different approaches to maintain their conductive state.Meanwhile they have unique pore structures and distinctive rectification properties and ion selectivity for cations compared to wild-type pores.We conclude that although the mutants may partially capture the gating motion characteristics of wild-type pores,the information obtained from these mutants is likely not a true reflection of CRAC channel gating under physiological conditions.

Crystal Growth, Structural and Optical Studies of CuGa3Se5 Bulk Compounds

Bulk materials were synthesized by the Bridgman technique using the elements Cu, Ga, Se. These samples were characterized by Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS) to determine the elemental composition, as well as by X-ray diffraction for structure, hot point probe method for type of conductivity. Optical response (Photoconductivity) and Photoluminescence (PL) and PL-excitation (PLE) at temperatures from 4.2 to 77 K were also used to estimate the band-gap energy of Cu-Ga3Se5. They show a nearly perfect stoechiometry and present p-type conductivity. CuGa3Se5 either have an Ordered Defect Chalcopyrite structure (ODC), or an Ordered Vacancy Chalcopyrite structure (OVC). The gap energy obtained by Photoconductivity and Photoluminescence (PL) for the different samples is 1.85 eV. Studying the variation of the gap as a function of the temperature shows that the transition is a D-A type. The defects that appear are probably GaCu.

Stability Estimation for Markov Control Processes with Discounted Cost

This article explores controllable Borel spaces, stationary, homogeneous Markov processes, discrete time with infinite horizon, with bounded cost functions and using the expected total discounted cost criterion. The problem of the estimation of stability for this type of process is set. The central objective is to obtain a bounded stability index expressed in terms of the Lévy-Prokhorov metric;likewise, sufficient conditions are provided for the existence of such inequalities.

Vibration-assisted coherent excitation energy transfer in a detuned dimer

The important role of high-energy intramolecular vibrational modes for excitation energy transfer in the detuned photosynthetic systems is studied. Based on a basic dimer model which consists of two two-level systems （pigments） coupled to high-energy vibrational modes, we find that the high-energy intramolecular vibrational modes can enhance the energy transfer with new coherent transfer channels being opened when the phonon energy matches the detuning between the two pigments. As a result, the energy can be effectively transferred into the acceptor. The effective Hamiltonian is obtained to reveal the strong coherent energy exchange among the donor, the acceptor, and the high-energy intramolecular. A semi-classical explanation of the phonon-assisted mechanism is also shown.

具有非线性采购成本库存控制问题的研究现状与挑战

库存管理是基于运筹学而发展起来的一门学科,并成为近几十年来运筹学和管理科学重要的研究领域之一。在库存系统中,采购成本是必不可少的成本之一,主要包含产品成本、运输成本、装卸成本等。现实中,采购成本依赖于采购量,且往往是采购量的非线性函数。介绍了几类常见的采购成本函数:依赖于采购量的固定成本、增量折扣、全量折扣、车载容量折扣和凸采购成本等。基于周期盘点库存模型和连续盘点库存模型,综述了带有这些非线性采购成本函数的库存模型研究进展。虽然经过了几十年的研究,但很多带有非线性采购成本的库存模型的最优采购策略因为其复杂性至今未能被完整刻画。通过综述来简单讨论该类问题的挑战和机会。

Zirconium Aided Epitaxial Growth of InxSey on InP(111) Substrates Cheng

Layered material indium selenide(InxSey)is a promising candidate for building next-generation electronic and photonic devices.We report a zirconium aided MBE growth of this van der Waals material.When co-depositing zirconium and selenium onto an indium phosphide substrate with a substrate temperature of 400℃at a constant zirconium flux rate of 0.01 ML/min,the polymorphic Inx Sey layer emerges on top of the insulating ZrSe2 layer.Different archetypes,such as InSe,α-In2Se3 and α-In2Se3,are found in the InxSey layers.A negative magnetoresistance of 40%at 2 K under 9 T magnetic field is observed.Such an InxSeyZrSe2 heterostructure with good lattice-matching may serve as a candidate for device applications.

污水沉淀淤泥的快速简单分析

为了能够有效地跟踪污水沉淀池的质量流．控制相应的工艺设备．必须按照规定对其干燥物质进行测定。本文介绍了一种新的仪器组合，可以显著加快这种干燥与灰化过程，而且操作非常简单。

Identification of Optical Transitions by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE) on CuIn₃Se₅Bulk Compounds

Bulk materials were synthesized by the Bridgman technique using the elements Cu, In and Se. These samples were characterized by Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS) to determine the elemental composition, as well as by X-ray diffraction for structure, hot point probe method for type of conductivity, Optical response (Photoconductivity) and Photoluminescence (PL) to determine the band gap value and Spectroscopic Ellipsometry to find energy levels above the gap in the band scheme at room-temperature. They show a nearly perfect stoechiometry and present a p-type conductivity. CuIn3Se5 either has a Stannite structure, an Ordered Defect Chalcopyrite structure (ODC), or an Ordered Vacancy Chalcopyrite structure (OVC). The gap energy obtained for the different samples was 1.23 eV. Energy levels above the gap in the band scheme were determinate by measuring the dielectric function at room temperature for energies lying between 1.5 and 5.5 eV. Many transitions were observed above the gap for different samples. Spectroscopic Ellipsometry gave evidence for the interpretation of the choice of gap values which were compatible with that obtained from solar spectrum.