Corrigendum to“Towards a business model for second-life batteries:Barriers,opportunities,uncertainties,and technologies”[J.Energy Chem.78(2023)507–525]

In the Acknowledgments Section,please replace“Shell oil”for“TotalEnergies”.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.For the sake of clarity(“Shell oil”should be removed and in boldblack“TotalEnergies”inserted),this section should say:The authors would like to thank Moura Batteries for the financial support.

Towards a business model for second-life batteries: Barriers,opportunities, uncertainties, and technologies

Electric vehicles(EVs) and the recent pandemic outbreak give cities a new trend to primarily private and shared mobility with low noise and less air pollution.Crucial factors for the widespread of EVs are the electrical charging infrastructure,driving range,and the reduction of the cost of battery packets.For this reason,there is a massive effort from manufacturers,governments,and the scientific community to reduce battery costs and boost sustainable electrical production and distribution.Battery reuse is an alternative to reduce batteries’ costs and environmental impacts.Second-life batteries can be used in a wide variety of secondary applications.Second-life batteries can be connected with off-grid or on-grid photovoltaic and wind systems,vehicle charging stations,forklifts,and frequency control.The present work aims to analyze the main challenges imposed on the reuse of batteries,the leading technologies for their reuse,and the different types of batteries in terms of their feasibility for second-life use.The main novelty of this work is the discussion about the barriers,opportunities,uncertainties,and technologies for the second life market.Here we summarize the present state of the art in reusing lithium-ion batteries discussing technical and economic feasibility,environmental impacts,and perspectives.The results show five business models that have been proposed in the literature,three types of markets for trading second-life batteries,and the main opportunities and barriers for each actor in the battery supply chain.

Energy Efficient Non-Cooperative Methods for Resource Allocation in Cognitive Radio Networks

In a cognitive radio network wherein primary and secondary users coexist, an efficient power allocation method represents one of the most important key aspects. This paper provides a novel approach based on a game theory framework to solve this problem in a distributed and fair way. Formulated as an optimization problem, the resource allocation problem between secondary users and primary users can be modeled and investigated with the Game Theory, and in particular S-Modular Games, since they provide useful tools for the definition of multi objective distributed algorithms in the context of radio communications. This paper provides also a performance comparison among the proposed game and two other algorithms, frequently used in this context: Simulated Annealing and Water Filling.

Graphene-based optical phase modulation of waveguide transverse electric modes

In this paper we report TE-mode phase modulation obtained by inducing a capacitive charge on graphene layers embedded in the core of a waveguide.There is a biasing regime in which graphene absorption is negligible but large index variations can be achieved with a voltage–length product as small as V_(π)L_(π)≃0.07 V cm for straight waveguides and V_(π)L_(π)≃0.0024 V cm for 12μm radius microring resonators.This phase modulation device uniquely enables a small signal amplitude<1 V with a micrometer-sized footprint for compatibility with CMOS circuit integration.Examples of phase-induced changes are computed for straight waveguides and for microring resonators,showing the possibility of implementing several optoelectronic functionalities as modulators,tunable filters,and switches.

Broadband usage for rural communities in the North Island of Aotearoa New Zealand

New Zealand government’s Rural Broadband Initiative(RBI)aims to invest 400 million New Zealand dollar to provide 99%of New Zealanders with access to 50 Mbps peak broadband speed,with the remaining 1%at 10 Mbps by 2025.By 2017,stage 1 of the RBI has been completed,and research is needed to find out the level of usage,proficiency,and productivity achieved by then.Therefore,a survey was carried out to learn whether the rural residents and their communities are making good use of the new fast broadband connection.The survey collected data from 217 rural residents from North Island,and the results indicate that about half of the interview respondents are satisfied with the new broadband speed and the reliability which is offered by RBI stage 1.However,there is about 28%of the respondents disagreed with them.The majority of the Internet uses for rural residents are information searching,reading news,online entertainment,and online banking.Besides that,only a small proportion of respondents know how to utilize the Internet in their work/business and benefit/profit from it,e.g.,using cloud technology capabilities and online marketing campaigns,etc.by then.Therefore,we argue that information and communications technologies(ICT)adoption is not only the availability of the infrastructure but also the beneficial outcomes of Internet availability.In other words,Internet skills in-depth training and education need to catch up with the infrastructure deployment,which is useful to fuel the digital productivity and inclusion for booming rural economies.The survey data-driven findings presented in this paper could serve as a reference to inform government policymakers and those who wish to create,invest,and take actions to speed up the economic and social growth of rural communities in Aotearoa New Zealand through the Internet while shifting from the Internet speed and traffic volume-driven to a more effective Internet connectivity and value-added driven rural economy.

Characterization and stability measurement of deployed multicore fibers for quantum applications

Multicore fibers are expected to be a game-changer in the coming decades thanks to their intrinsic properties,allowing a larger transmission bandwidth and a lower footprint in optical communications.In addition,multicore fibers have recently been explored for quantum communication,attesting to their uniqueness in transporting high-dimensional quantum states.However,investigations and experiments reported in literature have been carried out in research laboratories,typically making use of short fiber links in controlled environments.Thus,the possibility of using long-distance multicore fibers for quantum applications is still to be proven.We characterize here for the first time,to the best of our knowledge,in terms of phase stability,multiple strands of a four-core multicore fiber installed underground in the city of L’Aquila,with an overall fiber length up to about 25 km.In this preliminary study,we investigate the possibility of using such an infrastructure to implement quantumenhanced schemes,such as high-dimensional quantum key distribution,quantum-based environmental sensors,and more,in general,quantum communication protocols.

Compression strategies for digital holograms in biomedical and multimedia applications

While 60 years of successful application of holography is celebrated in this special issue,efficient representation and compression of holographic data has received relatively little attention in research.Notwithstanding this observation,and particularly due to the digitization that is also penetrating the holographic domain,interest is growing on how to efficiently compress holographic data such that interactive exchange of content,as well as digital storage can be facilitated proficiently.This is a particular challenge,not only because of its interferometric nature and the various representation formats,but also the often extremely large data volumes involved in pathological,tomographic,or high-end visualization applications.In this paper,we provide an overview of the state of the art in compression techniques and corresponding quality metrics for various practical applications in digital holography.We also consider the future by analyzing the emerging trends for addressing the key challenges in this domain.