For a V-type three-level atomic system with two closely spaced upper levels, we investigate the light pulse propagation properties with only one laser field. Due to spontaneously generated coherence, the group velocit...For a V-type three-level atomic system with two closely spaced upper levels, we investigate the light pulse propagation properties with only one laser field. Due to spontaneously generated coherence, the group velocity of the light pulse can be changed from subluminal to superluminal. The effects of the field intensity and the two-upper level splitting on the group velocity are also shown. At last, an analytical expression for the group velocity is given in the case of a weak field.展开更多
This paper investigates the breaking point between fast- and slow-light in a degenerate two-level atomic system, where fast-light can be converted to slow-light arbitrarily on a single transition line by adjusting the...This paper investigates the breaking point between fast- and slow-light in a degenerate two-level atomic system, where fast-light can be converted to slow-light arbitrarily on a single transition line by adjusting the strength of the pumping field. An equivalent incoherent pumping rate is introduced in this simplified theoretical model which exploits the dependence of this feature. The experimental observation is presented as evidence of the breaking point where the injected power is about 0.08 mW.展开更多
This paper, based on Deming＇s quality management （QM） theory embodied in ISO 9001, uses structural equation modelling （SEM） in a construction management research. Based on 100 usable responses collected from a na...This paper, based on Deming＇s quality management （QM） theory embodied in ISO 9001, uses structural equation modelling （SEM） in a construction management research. Based on 100 usable responses collected from a nationwide survey carried out from 14th February to 30th May 2008 on all key players in the Malaysian construction value chain, this paper aims to： （a） validate the dimensions of registration efforts to obtain and maintain ISO 9001 certifications; （b） validate the eight QM principles in ISO 9001 for quality management system （QMS） practices; （c） determine the components of organisational improvements experienced as a result of ISO 9001 certifications in terms of company competitiveness, customer satisfaction, and business performance; and （d） investigate the causal relationships among registration efforts, QMS practices, company competitiveness, customer satisfaction, business performance of ISO 9001-certified companies. The knowledge gained from the application of SEM is an important contribution to the body of theoretical literature in QM.展开更多
Background: The irrational use of medicines remains a key health problem in many developing countries. The overuse of antibiotics is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study surveyed antibiotic use a...Background: The irrational use of medicines remains a key health problem in many developing countries. The overuse of antibiotics is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study surveyed antibiotic use and adherence to the World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing indicators at the Request Muntanga Hospital in the Kalomo District of Southern Province, Zambia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2023 to September 2023 at Request Muntanga Hospital in Zambia and reviewed 600 medical record prescriptions which were issued from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 using the WHO prescribing indicators. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. Results: From the 600 prescriptions sampled, 1246 medicines were prescribed, with antibiotics making up 86.7% of the encounters. Additionally, the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 2.1 and the prevalence of polypharmacy was 61.3%. Further, 17.8% of medicines were prescribed as injectables. Furthermore, 76.7% of the drugs were prescribed from the Zambia Essential Medicines List and 38.9% by generic names. Conclusions: This study found a high use of antibiotics and deviations from the WHO/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) core prescribing indicators at the Request Muntanga Hospital indicating non-adherence to the prescribing indicators. There is a need to promote adherence to the WHO/INRUD core prescribing indicators to promote the rational use of antibiotics and prevent the emergence and spread of AMR.展开更多
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10547108
文摘For a V-type three-level atomic system with two closely spaced upper levels, we investigate the light pulse propagation properties with only one laser field. Due to spontaneously generated coherence, the group velocity of the light pulse can be changed from subluminal to superluminal. The effects of the field intensity and the two-upper level splitting on the group velocity are also shown. At last, an analytical expression for the group velocity is given in the case of a weak field.
基金Project supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.60837004)the Key Project of Jiangxi Electric Power Company (Grant Nos.200950801 and 200950802)
文摘This paper investigates the breaking point between fast- and slow-light in a degenerate two-level atomic system, where fast-light can be converted to slow-light arbitrarily on a single transition line by adjusting the strength of the pumping field. An equivalent incoherent pumping rate is introduced in this simplified theoretical model which exploits the dependence of this feature. The experimental observation is presented as evidence of the breaking point where the injected power is about 0.08 mW.
文摘This paper, based on Deming＇s quality management （QM） theory embodied in ISO 9001, uses structural equation modelling （SEM） in a construction management research. Based on 100 usable responses collected from a nationwide survey carried out from 14th February to 30th May 2008 on all key players in the Malaysian construction value chain, this paper aims to： （a） validate the dimensions of registration efforts to obtain and maintain ISO 9001 certifications; （b） validate the eight QM principles in ISO 9001 for quality management system （QMS） practices; （c） determine the components of organisational improvements experienced as a result of ISO 9001 certifications in terms of company competitiveness, customer satisfaction, and business performance; and （d） investigate the causal relationships among registration efforts, QMS practices, company competitiveness, customer satisfaction, business performance of ISO 9001-certified companies. The knowledge gained from the application of SEM is an important contribution to the body of theoretical literature in QM.
文摘Background: The irrational use of medicines remains a key health problem in many developing countries. The overuse of antibiotics is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study surveyed antibiotic use and adherence to the World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing indicators at the Request Muntanga Hospital in the Kalomo District of Southern Province, Zambia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2023 to September 2023 at Request Muntanga Hospital in Zambia and reviewed 600 medical record prescriptions which were issued from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 using the WHO prescribing indicators. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. Results: From the 600 prescriptions sampled, 1246 medicines were prescribed, with antibiotics making up 86.7% of the encounters. Additionally, the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 2.1 and the prevalence of polypharmacy was 61.3%. Further, 17.8% of medicines were prescribed as injectables. Furthermore, 76.7% of the drugs were prescribed from the Zambia Essential Medicines List and 38.9% by generic names. Conclusions: This study found a high use of antibiotics and deviations from the WHO/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) core prescribing indicators at the Request Muntanga Hospital indicating non-adherence to the prescribing indicators. There is a need to promote adherence to the WHO/INRUD core prescribing indicators to promote the rational use of antibiotics and prevent the emergence and spread of AMR.
