Objectives Although development of new treatment modalities limited digoxin usage, digoxin intoxication is still an important issue which could be easily overlooked. In this report, we analyzed a case series definitiv...Objectives Although development of new treatment modalities limited digoxin usage, digoxin intoxication is still an important issue which could be easily overlooked. In this report, we analyzed a case series definitively diagnosed as digoxin intoxication in the modern era. Methods We analyzed 71 patients hospitalized with digoxin intoxication confirmed by history, complaints, clinical and electrocardiograph （ECG） findings, and serum digoxin levels 〉 2.0 ng/mL, during a five year period. The demographic and clinical data, indications for digoxin use, digoxin dosage, concurrent medications, laboratory data, hospital monitoring, and ECG findings were obtained from all patients. Results Thirty-eight of 71 patients （53.5%） had symptoms of heart failure during admission or later. Sixty-four percent of patients were older than 75 years. The percentage of females was 67%. Atrial fibrillation, hypertension and gastrointestinal complaints were more frequent in the females （64% in females, 30% in males, P = 0.007; 81% in female, 52% in males, P = 0.01; 50% in female, 17.3% in males, P = 0.008, respectively）. The mortality rate during the hospital course was 7%. Conclusions This report demonstrated the reduced mortality rates in patients with digoxin intoxication over the study period. Gastrointestinal complaints are the most common symptoms in this population.展开更多
Glucagon-like peptide-2 （GLP-2） has potent anti-inflammatory effects and protects against experimental ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury in pulmonary, intestinal, and myocardial tissue. However, its protective abi...Glucagon-like peptide-2 （GLP-2） has potent anti-inflammatory effects and protects against experimental ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury in pulmonary, intestinal, and myocardial tissue. However, its protective abilities against I/R injury in the liver are unknown. We investigated the potential role of GLP-2 pretreatment on hepatic I/R injury in rats. A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into three groups （n = 8）. The first group was the control group; the second group was the vehicle-treated hepatic ischemia/reperfusion （HIR, vehicle saline-treated） group; and the third group was the GLP-2 pretreated I/R （GLP2-IR） group. Each rat in the third group was intraperitoneally administered 5 ~tg GLP-2 for 5 d before the procedure. A portal triad was created to induce ischemia with a vascular atraumatic clamp. After 40 min, the clamp was released to initiate hepatic reperfusion for 6 h. Blood samples and tissue specimens from the fiver were obtained. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin levels significantly increased in the saline- treated HIR group （P 〈 0.001）, whereas GLP-2 pretreatment significantly decreased their levels （P 〈 0.01）. Our data suggested that GLP-2 pretreatment may have a protective effect on liver I/R injury. However, dose-response studies are necessary to determine the most effective dose.展开更多
文摘Objectives Although development of new treatment modalities limited digoxin usage, digoxin intoxication is still an important issue which could be easily overlooked. In this report, we analyzed a case series definitively diagnosed as digoxin intoxication in the modern era. Methods We analyzed 71 patients hospitalized with digoxin intoxication confirmed by history, complaints, clinical and electrocardiograph （ECG） findings, and serum digoxin levels 〉 2.0 ng/mL, during a five year period. The demographic and clinical data, indications for digoxin use, digoxin dosage, concurrent medications, laboratory data, hospital monitoring, and ECG findings were obtained from all patients. Results Thirty-eight of 71 patients （53.5%） had symptoms of heart failure during admission or later. Sixty-four percent of patients were older than 75 years. The percentage of females was 67%. Atrial fibrillation, hypertension and gastrointestinal complaints were more frequent in the females （64% in females, 30% in males, P = 0.007; 81% in female, 52% in males, P = 0.01; 50% in female, 17.3% in males, P = 0.008, respectively）. The mortality rate during the hospital course was 7%. Conclusions This report demonstrated the reduced mortality rates in patients with digoxin intoxication over the study period. Gastrointestinal complaints are the most common symptoms in this population.
文摘Glucagon-like peptide-2 （GLP-2） has potent anti-inflammatory effects and protects against experimental ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury in pulmonary, intestinal, and myocardial tissue. However, its protective abilities against I/R injury in the liver are unknown. We investigated the potential role of GLP-2 pretreatment on hepatic I/R injury in rats. A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into three groups （n = 8）. The first group was the control group; the second group was the vehicle-treated hepatic ischemia/reperfusion （HIR, vehicle saline-treated） group; and the third group was the GLP-2 pretreated I/R （GLP2-IR） group. Each rat in the third group was intraperitoneally administered 5 ~tg GLP-2 for 5 d before the procedure. A portal triad was created to induce ischemia with a vascular atraumatic clamp. After 40 min, the clamp was released to initiate hepatic reperfusion for 6 h. Blood samples and tissue specimens from the fiver were obtained. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin levels significantly increased in the saline- treated HIR group （P 〈 0.001）, whereas GLP-2 pretreatment significantly decreased their levels （P 〈 0.01）. Our data suggested that GLP-2 pretreatment may have a protective effect on liver I/R injury. However, dose-response studies are necessary to determine the most effective dose.
